人教版 选修7 Unit 3 Under the sea Grammar 课件 (12).ppt

theuseof ing not doing not beingdone not havingdone not havingbeendone 二 v ing可作主语 宾语 表语 定语 状语和宾语补足语 但不能单独作谓语 v ing形式表示的动作与主要动词同时发生或发生在主要动词之后 用其一般式 v ing形式表示的动作在主要动词之前发生 用其完成时 在具体应用中也常以一般式代替完成式 v ing的用法 1 作主语 swimmingisgoodforhealth raise yourhattoaaladyisgoodmanners 对一位女士脱帽致敬是礼貌的 kill bysharksintheseaisacommonthing raising beingkilled 2 作表语 teachingislearning 教学相长 myhobbyis make modelplanes whatworriedthechildmostwas not allow tovisithismotherinthehospital making notbeingallowed 注意 动名词和不定式都可以作主语 动名词作主语表示一般或抽象的多次性行为 不定式作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作 如 playingwithfireisdangerous 泛指玩火 toplaywithfirewillbedangerous 指一具体动作 2 v ing形式和不定式都要有对称性 当主语是不定式时 表语也用不定式 反之 当主语是v ing形式时 表语也用v ing形式 toseeistobelieve seeingisbelieving 注意 3 it snouse good doingsthit sawasteoftimedoingsthit作形式主语 只用v ing 不用不定式 itis adj forsb todosthitisnousecryingoverspiltmilk 覆水难收 itisawasteoftime talk tohim itisimportantforme learn english talking tolearn theexamwilldisappointyourparents a youfailingb yourfailingc youfaild youtofail 2 thesamemistakeagainmadehisparentsveryangry a hisbeingmadeb hehasmadec hehadmakingd hismaking3 idon tthinkit smuchgood tohim a writingb towritec writed written4 suchbooksarenotworthy atall a ofbeingreadb beingreadc readingd toread5 itisnouse withoutthrough a toread understoodb reading understandingc toread understandd read tounderstand exercises 3 作宾语v ing形式既可作动词的宾语 也可作介词的宾语 wewouldappreciatehearingfromyou 我们会珍惜你的来信 thebirdescaped catch ifeellike join thearmy hewasafraidof abandon byus beingabandoned beingcaught joining 注意 在avoid admit appreciate consider delay enjoy escape excuse finish forgive imagine mind miss practise risk suggest giveup putoff feellike insiston insteadof lookforwardto objectto keepon等后只接v ing形式作宾语 exercises 1 thethiefenteredtheroomwithout a noticingb beingnoticedc havingnoticedd havingbeennoticed2 besides sheiskindandtender a beautifulb beingbeautifulc shebeautifuld isbeautiful3 whenheheardthebignoise tomstopped and tothewindowtoseewhatwashappening a toread wentb reading togoc reading goingd reading went4 iambusy fortheentranceexamination soican thelp houseworkathome a preparing doingb preparing todoc toprepare doingd toprepare todo 注意 在want need require deserve等动词之后作宾语时 常用动名词的主动式表示被动意义 yourcarneedsfilling 你这车要充气了 thiscitydeservesvisiting 这座城市值得光顾一下 theproblemrequiresstudyingcarefully 这个问题需要认真研究 thetreeswantwatering 这些树需要浇水了 在 be worth后面只能用动名词的主动态来表示被动意义 hissuggestionisworthconsidering thebookisworthreading 在allow advise forbid permit等动词后直接跟动名词形式作宾语 如果后面有名词或代词作宾语 其后用动词不定式作宾语补足语 如 wedon tallowsmokinghere wedon tallowstudentstosmoke 1 sorry wedon tallow inthelectureroom a tosmokeb smokec smokingd tosmoking2 theydon tpermit noiseher a tomakeb makec makingd made3 thesentencewants oncemore a toexplainb explainingc beingexplainedd tobeexplainedit4 thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed a catchingb tobecaughtc beingcaughtd tocatch exercises 5 alisaidthatshewouldn tmind aloneathome a leftb beingleftc tobeleftd leaving6 she thekey a admittedtakingb admittedtakingc admittedhavingtakend admittedtohavetaken7 didyouenjoyyourselflastnight it sveryniceofyou iappreciated totheparty a tobeinvitedb tohaveinvitedc beinginvitedd havingbeeninvited8 whilewe redevelopingagricultureandindustry wemustpreventtheearth a frompollutingb pollutedc pollutingd beingpolluted 4 作定语 thegirlstandingthereismysister thisisapieceof surprise news theproblem discuss nowisveryimportant thefarmers work inthefieldsaretired surprising beingdiscussed working 5 作状语 hearingthegoodnews hejumpedwithjoy hesatatthetable read chinadaily ask toanswerthequestion shecouldn trefuse work hard youwillsucceed reading working beingasked 6 作宾语补足语 isawpeoplecomingandgoinginthestreet iheardher sing asonginherroom you llfindthetopic discuss everywherenow beingdiscussed singing 7 ving一般时和一般时的被动形式 hehurriedhome lookingbehindfromtimetotime 2 thebuildingbeingrepairedisourdormitory ving的完成时和完成时的被动形式 1 havinglitacandle shewentout 2 havingbeenaskedtostay icouldn tleave 3 havingheardthis ourteacherexpressedhersatisfaction 8 在绝大数情况下 的逻辑主语是句子的主语 但有时前可有一个名词或代词表示视神经逻辑上的主语 这种带逻辑主语的称为独立结构 themeetingbeingover wealllefttheroomanddrovehome 会议结束后 我们都离开房间开车走了 itbeingaholiday alltheshopswereshut 由于今天是假日 所有商店都关门了 9 有少数并不表示句子主语的动作 而是表示说话人的态度 generallyspeaking thenovelisnotveryinspiring 总的来说 这部小说并不感人 judgingfromwhatyousay heoughttosucceed 从你说的情况看 他应能成功 practice1 whatmadebillsoangry hisgirlfriendpromisedtocomeat8 30 butshehasn tcomeyet a havingkeptwaitingb beingkeptwaitingc tobekeptwaitingd beingkeptwaited b 2 thebuilding inourschoolisforusteachers thoughthere snoisemostoftheday westillfeelhappyaboutit a builtb havingbeenbuiltc tobebuiltd beingbuilt d 3 thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed a catchingb tobecaughtc beingcaughtd tocatch c 4 whileshopping peoplesometimescan thelp intobuyingsomethingtheydon treallyneed a topersuadedb persuadingc beingpersuadedd bepersuaded c 5 manytimes theboystilldidn tknowhowtodotheexercises a havingtaughtb havingbeentaughtc taughtd teaching b 6 thewholestory janedecidednottoseethefilm a havingbeentoldb havingtoldc beentoldd telling a fillintheblanks turn totheright youwillfindtheplaceyouwant 2 ask toputonperformance sherefused 3 finish hiswork henrywenthome 4 learn newwordsisuseful turning beingasked havingfinished learning 5 hedisliked interrupt inhisexperiment 6 iapologizefor not wait foryou 7 not receive ananswer iwrotetohimagain 8 give suchagoodchance youshouldcatchit beinginterrupted nothavingwaited nothavingreceived havingbeengiven 9 ididn tmind leave athome 10 thehousewants clean 11 hecameinwithout ask 12 show aroundthelibrary weweretakentoseethelab beingleft cleaning beingasked havingbeenshown 巩固练习 1 icanhardlyimaginepeter acrosstheatlanticoceaninfivedays a sailb tosailc sailingd tohavesailed c 2 thelightintheofficeisstillon oh iforgot a turningitoffb turnitoffc toturnitoffd havingturneditoff c 3 iwouldappreciate backthisafternoon a youtocallb youcallc yourcallingd you recalling c 4 howaboutthetwoofus awalkdownthegarden a totakeb takec takingd tobetaking c 5 imustapologizefor aheadoftime that allright a lettingyounotknowb notlettingyouknowc lettingyouknownotd lettingnotyouknow b 6 youwerebraveenoughtoraiseobjectionsatthemeeting well nowiregret that a todob tobedoingc tohavedoned havingdone d 7 hehasalwaysinsistedonhis drturnerinsteadofmrturner a beencalledb calledc havingcalledd beingcalled d 8 doyoumind aloneathome a janeleavingb janehavingleftc jane sbeingleftd janetobeleft c 9 shelooksforwardeveryspringto theflower linedgarden a visitb payingavisitc walkind walkingin d 10 onceyourbusinessbecomesinternational constantlywillbepartofyourlife a youflyb yourflightc flightd flying d 12 whatdoyouthinkmademarysoupset hernewbicycle a asshelostb lostc losingd becauseoflosing c 13 letmetellyousomethingaboutthejournalists don tyouremember thestoryyesterday a toldb tellingc totelld tohavetold b 14 onelearnsalanguagebymakingmistakesand them a correctb correctingc correctsd tocorrect b 15 fishingishisfavoritehobby and a he dliketocollectcoinaswellb hefeelslikecollectingcoins tooc tocollectcoinsisalsohishobbyd collectingcoinsalsogiveshimgreatpleasure d 巩固练习 16 th