Lesson Five Night Watch课文解释,练习答案,语法讲解,历年试题.docx

Lesson Five Night Watch 深夜的守护 Roy PopkinLearning Guide市场经济的潮水极大地冲击着人与人之间的关系。人们似乎认为亲情薄如蝉翼，陌生人之间还能有什么爱心与关怀。可是一位海军陆战队队员的行为恰好说明关心他人之人大有人在。请看他是怎样做的。一、词汇1. watch（n.） 看护，守候（病人） v 观察，观看2. elderly（adj.） 年长的上了年纪的；过了中年的；稍老的 e.g. Many elderly people live an idle life.许多老年人过着悠闲的生活。 elder adj 同辈之间的长幼关系 e.g. He is no less clever than his elder brother.他和他的大哥一样聪明。 older adj 指年龄大点儿 e.g. The manager urged older staff to take up early retirement. 经理敦促年纪较大的职员提前退休。3. collapse（v.） （因病、累等）晕倒 倒塌, 崩溃, 瓦解, 折叠 e.g. The wind caused the tent to collapse.风把帐篷吹塌了。4. ambulance（n.） 救护车5. rush（v.） 急速将送往 n 抢购, 匆忙, 冲进, 急速行进, 蜂拥e.g.The rush hour traffic is murder.交通高峰时间真是难以忍受之事6. repeatedly（adv.） 一再，反复地例：That night he called me repeatedly.7. wear（v.） 磨损8.emergency-room（n.）急诊室9.Marine（n.） （美国海军陆战队）士兵或军官10.station（v.） 驻扎、派驻 e.g. troops stationed abroad驻扎在外国的部队11. station（n.） 值班处 台，站， power station 发电站；发电厂 railway station 火车站 police station 派出所；警察局；公安局 train station 火车站 bus station n. 公交车站 gas station 加油站 space station 空间站，太空站 TV station 电视台 subway station n. 地铁车站 base station 基站；基电台 pump station 泵站 nuclear power station原子能发电厂 next station 下一站 broadcasting station 广播电台 wireless station 无线电台 .12. corps（n.）k: 特种部队，兵团 13.jeep（n.） 越野车、吉普车14.wade（v.） 涉水而行15.marsh（n.） 沼泽地、湿地16.military（adj.） 军事的17.enable（v.） 使（人）能够 e.g. This document will enable her to pass through the enemy lines unmolested.这证件将使她能平安无事地通过敌人防线。18.reach（v.） 到达（某人）处，抵达（某地） 伸手 范围；延伸 reach out vt. 伸出 reach for 伸手去拿 reach an agreement 达成协议；取得一致意见，达成共识 out of reach 够不着 reach the top 登上顶锋 within reach 伸手可及的，在附近 hard to reach 难以到达 beyond the reach 力所不及；无法达到；超出的能力之外 reach the standard 达到水平或标准 reach a consensus 达成共识 upper reach 上游河段 lower reach 下游河段 reach over 越过某人拿某物 reach out for 伸手去拿；急切寻求 global reach 全球性覆盖 reach a conclusion 得出结论；达成一个结论 reach at 到达 19.lobby（n.） （旅馆、剧院、医院等的）大厅例：I will pick you up at 7 in the lobby of the hotel.20.serviceman（n.） 军人21.bedside（n.） 病床边22.weak（adj.） 虚弱的，软弱的23. dimly（adv.） 模糊的，朦胧的24.oxygen（n.） 氧气25.tent（n.） （氧气）罩26.wrap（v.） 裹，包27. limp（adj.） 没劲的，无力的，没精神的28.squeeze（v.） 紧握；挤；勒索 e.g. I squeeze carefully through the crowd.我小心翼翼地挤过这群人。 e.g. He gave the orange another squeeze.他又把柳橙榨了一下。29. encouragement（n.） 鼓励courage 勇气；en-courage 鼓励；dis-courage 使气馁, 阻碍30.dimly-lit（adj.）光线暗淡的31.ward（n.） 病房32.occasionally（adv.）偶然地，不时 occasion n场合, 时机, 理由, 机会, 盛大场面 on occasion 偶尔，有时33. clanking（n.） 发出叮当声34.laughter（n.） 笑声 burst into laughter 突然大笑 laughter and tears 又哭又笑;欢乐与悲伤亦作 tears and laughter roar with laughter 哄堂大笑 canned laughter 俚预先录制的笑声 convulsed with laughter 捧腹大笑；笑得直不起腰35.night-staff（n.） 夜班工作人员36.exchange（v.） 交换37.moan（n.） 呻吟声38.snore（n.） 鼾声，呼噜声39.tightly（adv.） 紧紧的40.lifeless（adj.） 无生命的，死的41.sympathy（n.） 同情 sympathy for 对表示同情 42.startle（v.） 使惊讶43.base（n.） （军队等）基地，大本营 basic adj.& n basically adv 基本上，根本上44.inform（v.） 通知，告诉 inform sb. of sth. 告诉某人某事information 消息，信息（不可数） 45.funeral（n.） 葬礼46.personnel（n.） 人事部，人员 human（adj.） 有人情的，好心肠的47.fellow（n.） （在名词前）身份相同的二、课文分析 Para. 1 Page 921 The story began on a downtown Brooklyn street corner. An elderly man hadcollapsed while crossing the street, and an ambulance rushed him to Kings CountyHospital. There, when he came to now and again, the man repeatedly called for hisson.故事发生在布鲁克林商业区一条街的拐角处。一位老人在过马路时突然晕倒在地；一辆救护车把他赶紧送往金司县医院。在医院里他不时地苏醒过来，一醒过来他就不断呼唤他的儿子。 A. downtown 市中心 uptown : 在住宅区；（美）在城镇非商业区 B. Brooklyn 布鲁克林区（纽约市西南部的一区） C on.corner 在 拐角处 E. collapse 倒塌；瓦解；暴跌 晕倒 F. come to 苏醒 e.g. In a few minutes Tom suddenly came to life.一小会儿汤姆突然苏醒过来。 e.g. He made the ghost story come to life.他把那个鬼的故事讲得活灵活现 cf. when it comes to (prep) 当谈到.的时候 e.g. When it comes to German, I know nothing.谈到德语，我一窍不通。 e.g. I am no match for her when it comes to language.在语言能力方面我根本不是她的对手。G. now and again, now and then or here and there 时而，不时地 e.g. He threw in a word or two now and again.他不时插一两句话。H. call for打电话, 访问, 召唤, 呼叫, 把 . 看作 Para 2 Page 922 From a worn letter found in his pocket, an emergency-room nurse learnedthat his son was a Marine stationed in North Carolina. It seemed there were noother relatives.急诊室的护士从老人的衣服口袋里发现了一封很旧的信，从这封信看他儿子是驻扎在北卡罗来纳州海军陆战队的一名战士。看样子（这位老人）没有别的亲人。 A worn adj 疲倦的；用旧的 e.g. The shoe has worn, and his big toe comes through.鞋已破了，他的大脚趾露出了。 B found in his pocket 过去分词短语，作定语 C learn 获悉，了解到 D it seemed there were no other relatives it 为形式主语 后面的从句为真正主语 e.g. It seem that everybody like the zebra.似乎每个人都喜欢斑马。 e.g. It seems there are a good many people out of work.看来有好多人失业。 Para. 3 Page 923 Someone at the hospital called the Red Cross office in Brooklyn, and arequest for the boy to rush to Brooklyn was sent to the Red Cross director of theNorth Carolina Marine Corps camp.有人给红十字会布鲁克林办事处打了电话，要求北卡罗来纳海军陆战队营区红十字会主任让那位战士立即赶到布鲁克林。A. the Red Cross Office 红十字办事处B a request for the boy to rush to Brooklyn 为第二句话的主语 ， for the boy to rush to Brooklyn : for sb. to do sth. 不定式的复合结构 the boy 指在北卡罗来纳海军陆战队营服役的老人的儿子C corps 兵团，部队 这个单词 字母 p 不发音D camp: 野营, 帐篷, 营地 e.g. Living conditions in the camp were pretty primitive.营地的生活条件甚为原始。4. Because time was short - the patient was dying 由于时间很紧，病人快要死了 A short 短缺 ，紧迫 B was dying 奄奄一息 ， die v 死 5. the Red Cross man and officer set out in a jeep. They found the young man wadingthrough some marshes in a military exercise.红十字会的人以及官员马上坐着吉普车出发了。他们找到那年轻人时他正在一片沼泽地，涉水进行军事演习。 A . set out = set off, start out 出发 B find the young man wading 发现那个年轻人 正在涉水训练 find sb. doing sth. 发现某人正在 做某事 6. He was rushed to the airport in time to catch the one plane that might enable him to reach his dying father. 他被赶紧送往机场，及时赶上一趟班机，只有这趟班机或许还能使他见到病危的父亲。 A in time 及时 on time 准时 B reach his dying father reach : 到达, 伸出, 达成, 取得联系, 延伸, （伸手）去够 Para. 4 Page 937. It was mid - evening when the young Marine walked into the entrance lobby of Kings County Hospital. A nurse took the tired, anxious serviceman to the bedside.当这个海军士兵走进这个医院的大厅的时候已经是午夜了。一个护士带着这个疲惫、焦虑的军人来到这个老人的床边。 A. mid-evening 午夜 B lobby : a large entrance or reception room or area大厅；休息室；会客室 C. county 郡、县 cf. country 国家，乡村 D take to 带某人到某地 Para. 5 Page 938. Your son is here, she said to the old man. She had to repeat the wordsseveral times before the patients eyes opened. “你的儿子来了，”她对老人说。她不得不重复几遍才能使老人的眼睛睁开。 A. before 翻译为“才”， “来不及” e.g. He spent several minutes in thought before deciding.他考虑了几分钟才做决定。 e.g. It may be many years before we meet again.大概要过许多年我们才能再见。 e.g. He was asleep before I tucked him in.我还没来得及给他盖好被子，他就睡着了。9. The medicine he had been given because of the pain from his heart attack made his eyes weak and he only dimly saw the young man in Marine Corps uniform standing outside the oxygen tent. 给他治心绞痛的（镇静）药使他昏昏欲睡，他只能模模糊糊地看到那穿着海军陆战队军装的年轻人站在氧气罩外。 A 句子的主体结构 the medicine made his eyes weak 药使他昏昏入睡 he had been given because of the pain from his heart attact 定语从句 B because of 因为 后面接名词 because 因为 后面接句子（从句） C heart attact 心脏病 D in uniform 穿制服 in 表示“穿着” E. oxygen tent 氧气罩10. He reached out his hand. The Marine wrapped his strong fingers around the old mans limpones, squeezing a message of love and encouragement. The nurse brought a chair, sothe Marine could sit by the bed.他伸出他的手。那士兵用他那双强劲的手把老人无力的手紧紧握住，把爱和鼓励传递给老人。护士拿来一把椅子让士兵坐下。 A reach (out) 伸手 我们看见长而圆的东西，就会合拢手指像抓把手一样抓住它们e.g. Adrian said they were so pretty you wanted to reach out and touch them. 艾德里安说它们看起来好可爱都想伸出手去摸摸。 B wrap ones fingers around 用手去抓，握着 e.g。 We see things that are long and rounded, and we wrap our fingers around them and grasp them like handles.我们看到长而圆的东西，我们就会合拢手指，像抓把柄一样抓住他们。C squeeze a message 传递.信息Para 6 Page 93我们看见长而圆的东西，就会合拢手指像抓把手一样抓住它们我们看见长而圆的东西，就会合拢手指像抓把手一样抓住它们我们看见长而圆的东西，就会合拢手指像抓把手一样抓住它们。 我们看见长而圆的东西，就会合拢手指像抓把手一样抓住它们。 我们看见长而圆的东西，就会合拢手指像抓把手一样抓住它们。 我们看见长而圆的东西，就会合拢手指像抓把手一样抓住它们。 我们看见长而圆的东西，就会合拢手指像抓把手一样抓住它们。我们看见长而圆的东西，就会合拢手指像抓把手一样抓住它们。11. Nights are long in hospitals, but all through the night the young Marinesat there in the dimly-lit ward, holding the old mans hand and offering words ofhope and strength. 医院的夜是漫长的，但是整个夜里这个年轻的士兵一直坐在灯光昏暗的病房里，握着老人的手，不停的说一些充满希望和力量的话。A. Nights are long in hospitals 使用的是一般现在时，说明客观情况。（一般医院都是如此）B dimly lit . lit 为 light “点燃，照明”的过去分词 e.g. The mayor lit a cigar with a match. 市长用一根火柴点燃了一根雪茄。 C. 句子主体： the Marine sat there holding.offering. 两个v-ing 表示 sat的伴随情况。12. Occasionally, the nurse suggested that the Marine rest for a while. He refused.护士不时建议士兵休息一下。他都拒绝了。A. suggest 后面的宾语从句用should +动词原形，其中，should 可以省略。本句中rest（休息）前面就属于省略should 的情况。这种用法属于虚拟语气的一种形式，能这样用的动词有： suggest (建议)， advise (提忠告，建议)， order(命令)， request(请求)， requrie(客观要求)， desire (希望，但愿)，insist(坚持)， demand(客观要求)， recommend (推荐)，propose(提议)， direct(指挥，指导)， decide(决定)， 等等。 e.g. The judge insisted that the accused person (should) appear in person. 法官坚持，被告应该亲自出庭。 e.g. The doctor demanded that the patient (should) be operated on at once. 医生要求马上给病人做手术。 Para 7 Page 93 13. Whenever the nurse came into the ward, the Marine was there, but he paid noattention to her and the night noises of the hospital - the clanking of an oxygentank, the laughter of night - staff members exchanging greetings, the cries andmoans and snores of other patients. 无论什么时候这个护士走进病房，这个士兵都在那儿，但是他根本注意不到这个护士和医院里的噪音：氧气瓶的叮当声、夜班工作人员的笑声，互相打招呼的声音、哭声、呻吟声和打呼噜的声音。 A whenever = no matter when 无论什么时候 B pay (no) attention to （不）关注，注意，重视 其中 to 为介词 C 破折号-（dash）:for further explanation 进一步解释前面医院夜晚的噪音，这些噪音包括： the clanking of an oxygen tank氧气瓶的叮当声 exchanging greeting 相互打招呼的声音 the cries 哭声 moans (病人的)呻吟声 snores 呼噜声（鼾声）14.Now and then she heard him say a few gentle words. The dying man said nothing, only held tightly to his son through most of the night.她不时听到他轻声轻语地说句话。这个垂死的老人没有说什么，整个晚上只是紧紧的抓住他儿子的手。A now and then :now and again = every now and then, 有时，偶尔B heard him say a few gentle words 感官动词，使役动词 其宾补，不定式都不带to 接不定式，表示不定式动作的全过程，接v-ing 表示一个和主句谓语动词同时发生的动作。eg. Let there be an end of this misunderstanding.e.g.He wont have us criticize his work.e.g. We feel the house shake.e.g. I didnt hear you say that. C. only held tightly to his son hold to坚持；固执；紧握 e.g. I always hold to what I have said. 我一贯坚持自己说过的话。 e.g. Theyll hold to your hand tightly 她们永远都将紧紧握着你的手 Para. 8 Page 9415. It was nearly dawn when the patient died. The Marine placed on the bed thelifeless hand he had been holding, and went to tell the nurse.接近黎明的时候病人去世了。士兵把他一直握住的那只毫无生气的手放到床上。然后去告诉了护士。 A dawn 黎明，破晓 B place = put C lifeless hand 毫无生气的手，无力的手 这里指死者的手（他一直握着） D he had been holding 过去完成进行时，表示过去某个时候一直在发生进行的事情。16. While she did what she had to do, he smoked a cigarette his first since he got to the hospital.当护士做着她应该做的事情的时候，这个士兵吸了一只烟，这只烟是他来到医院后的第一支烟。 Para. 9 Page 9417. Finally she returned to the nurses station, where he was waiting. She started to offer words of sympathy, but the Marine interrupted her. Who was that man? he asked.最后她回到护士值班室，海军士兵正在那儿等她。她想说一些同情的话，但是海军士兵马上打断了她，“那人是谁？”他问。A offer 主动做某事B words of sympathy 同情的话 Para. 10 Page 9418. He was your father, she answered, startled.“他是你的父亲。”护士惊讶的回答。 A. startle使大吃一惊，使震惊： surprise amaze astonish startle s这些动词均含“使惊愕，使惊讶，使惊奇”之意。surprise普通用词，多指因未预料或意外的事而引起的惊奇之感，含有“意外”之意amaze 语气较强，指因认为不可能或极少可能发生情况的出现而感到惊讶或迷惑不解。astonish 语气较强，指出乎预料，意外发生，但又无法解释而感到惊奇。startle 指因突然的惊吓或意料不到的刺激等而使人惊跳或震惊。 surprise amaze astonish astound startle stun 这些动词均含“使惊愕，使惊讶，使惊奇”之意surprise:普通用词，多指因未预料或意外的事而引起的惊奇之感。amaze:语气较强，指因认为不可能或极少可能发生情况的出现而感到惊讶或迷惑不解。astonish:语气较强，指出乎预料，意外发生，但又无法解释而感到惊奇。astound:语气强，指由于事情令人难以置信或实在罕见而使人感到震惊。startle:指因突然的惊吓或意料不到的刺激等而使人惊跳或震惊。stun:语气最强，指极度惊讶而目瞪口呆，不知所措。 surprise amaze astonish astound startle stun 这些动词均含“使惊愕，使惊讶，使惊奇”之意。surprise:普通用词，多指因未预料或意外的事而引起的惊奇之感。amaze:语气较强，指因认为不可能或极少可能发生情况的出现而感到惊讶或迷惑不解。astonish:语气较强，指出乎预料，意外发生，但又无法解释而感到惊奇。astound:语气强，指由于事情令人难以置信或实在罕见而使人感到震惊。startle:指因突然的惊吓或意料不到的刺激等而使人惊跳或震惊。stun:语气最强，指极度惊讶而目瞪口呆，不知所措。 surprise amaze astonish astound startle stun 这些动词均含“使惊愕，使惊讶，使惊奇”之意。surprise:普通用词，多指因未预料或意外的事而引起的惊奇之感。amaze:语气较强，指因认为不可能或极少可能发生情况的出现而感到惊讶或迷惑不解。astonish:语气较强，指出乎预料，意外发生，但又无法解释而感到惊奇。astound:语气强，指由于事情令人难以置信或实在罕见而使人感到震惊。startle:指因突然的惊吓或意料不到的刺激等而使人惊跳或震惊。stun:语气最强，指极度惊讶而目瞪口呆，不知所措。 surprise amaze astonish astound startle stun 这些动词均含“使惊愕，使惊讶，使惊奇”之意。surprise:普通用词，多指因未预料或意外的事而引起的惊奇之感。amaze:语气较强，指因认为不可能或极少可能发生情况的出现而感到惊讶或迷惑不解。astonish:语气较强，指出乎预料，意外发生，但又无法解释而感到惊奇。astound:语气强，指由于事情令人难以置信或实在罕见而使人感到震惊。startle:指因突然的惊吓或意料不到的刺激等而使人惊跳或震惊。stun:语气最强，指极度惊讶而目瞪口呆，不知所措。19. No, he wasnt, the Marine replied. I never saw him before in my life.“不，他不是，”这个士兵回答，“在这之前我从来没有见过他。” A. reply : 回答，回复，对.做出的反应 answer, reply, respond, retort, return这些动词均有“回答”之意。answer常用词，指用书面、口头或行动对他人的请求、询问、质问等作出回答或反应。reply较正式用词，较少用于口语。侧重经过考虑的较正式答复。respond正式用词，指即刻的，以口头或行动对外来的号召、请求或刺激等作出回答或响应。retort指对不同意见、批评或控诉作出迅速、有力的回答，即“反驳”。return正式用词，从本义“归来，回去”引申作“回答、答辨”讲时，含反驳或反唇相讥之意。 B。saw 是 see 的过去式，过去分词是 seen Para. 12 Page 9420. Why didnt you say something when I took you to him? the nurse asked.“那当我带你去见他的时候，你为什么什么都没有说？”护士问道。 A 疑问句，否定句里面用 any/anything. 属正常情况。如果用 some/something,则表明问话人希望得到肯定的回答。词句含义为：护士希望士兵本来不是自己的父亲，应该说点什么，所以用了something. 试比较下面两句话 e.g. Do you have anything to say at the meeting?会上有话要说吗？（有不有不清楚） e.g Do you have something to say at the meeting? 会上你不说点什么吗？（希望对方说） Para. 13 Page 9421. I knew immediately thered been a mistake, but I also knew he needed hisson, and his son just wasnt here. When I realized he was too sick to tell whetheror not I was his son, I guessed he really needed me. So I stayed.“我马上意识到这是一个错误，但是我知道他需要他的儿子并且他的儿子正好不在这儿。当我意识到他病得已经弄不清我是不是他的儿子的时候，我想他真的需要我。” A too sick to tell whether or not I was his son, too.to太.而不能B tell 这里指“判断，区别”，其含义是tell the difference between me and his own son 表示辨别即分辨出谁与谁的不同。 C stay 留下来 Para. 14 Page 9422. With that, the Marine turned and left the hospital. 说完这些话，士兵就转身离开了医院23. Two days later a message came in from the North Carolina Marine Corps base informing the Brooklyn Red Cross that the real son was on his way to Brooklyn for his fathers funeral. 两天后布鲁克林红十字会接到了北卡罗来纳海军陆战队基地的通知，说老人真正的儿子已经出发来布鲁克林参加其父的葬礼 A message消息, 信息, 通知 B the North Carolina Marine Corps base 北卡罗来纳海军陆战队基地 C。 inform sb. of sth. or inform sb. that 告诉某人某事 e.g. Please inform me by letter of your plans.请来信把你的计划告诉我。 e.g. Im very pleased to inform you that your application has been accepted.我非常高兴地通知您,您的申请已被接受。 D on ones way (to)在.的路上24. It turned out there had been two Marines with the same name and similar numbers inthe camp. Someone in the personnel office had pulled out the wrong record.原来在同一营地有两位同名、番号近似的海军陆战队战士。人事办公室的人其实是抽错了卡片，做出了错误的记录。A turn out 证明是，结果是 用法： turn out to be / it turn out that e.g. It turned out that they were old acquaintances.他们原来是老相识。 e.g. It turned out that the experiment was a success .结果试验成功了。 e.g. The chief conductor turned out to be a young woman.列车长原来是一位青年妇女。B personnel office 人事部（人事办公室C。 pull out 抽出来 15 But the wrong Marine had become the right son at the right time. And he proved, in a very human way, that there are people who care what happens to their fellow men.在关键时刻，这个弄错了的士兵恰当地扮演了儿子的角色。他以极富人情味的方式，证实了关心自己同胞的人还是大有人在的。 A in a human way以极富人情味的方式， in.way 以.方式 B care 在意，关心 C. fellow men. 家伙, 同事, 同伴,三、语法与练习（一）Useful Expressions（常用短语）in time 及时reach out ones hand 伸出某人的手all through the night 整个夜晚pay attention to sth. 注意now and then 偶尔，不时on ones way to 在去的路上come to 苏醒too to do 如此以至于不能turn out that/to（be/do）原来是，到头来（二）Verb Pattern 5（动词句型5）(三) Questions on the Text 回答课文问题（P103）注意：下面(7)、（8）、（12）题目必须能做到熟练并准确地写出画线部分！划线的句子尤其应该重点记忆。1. Where did the story begin? What happened to an elderly man?The story began on a downtown Brooklyn street corner. An elderly man had collapsed while crossing the street. An ambulance rushed him to Kings County Hospital.2. What did a nurse find about the old mans son? And how did she find that out?An emergency-room nurse found that his son was a Marine stationed in North Carolina. She found a letter in the old mans pocket.3. How did the Red Cross manage to rush the son to the hospital before the father died? Neither of them spoke. The father was pleased to see his son and reached out his hand. The son squeezed it to express his love and encouragement.4. How did father and son greet each other?Neither of them spoke. The father was pleased to see his son and reached out his hand. The son squeezed it to express his love and encouragement.5. What did the Marine tell the nurse after the old man diedAll through the night, he sat by the end, holding the old mans hand. He kept talking to his father and saying that he would be well again.6. How do you think the old man felt in the last few hours of his life?I think he must have felt very happy to be with his son in the last hours of his life.7 What did the Marine tell the nurse after the old man died?The Marine told the nurse that the patient wasnt his father after the old man died.8. Why didnt the Marine say that when he was taken to the bedside?The Marine didnt say the old man wasnt his father because he realized the man thought he was his son and needed his son very much.9. How was it that