八年级上英语知识点（仁爱版）.doc

八年级英语（仁爱版）上册语言点归纳Unit1SportsandGamesTopic1Areyougoingtoplaybasketball?一.重点词语:1.almost(反义词)never2.win(过去式)won(名词)winner3.ski(现在分词)skiing4.famous(比较级)morefamous5.arrive(同义词)reach6.leave(过去式)left7.popular(最高级)mostpopular8.healthy(同义词)fit(名词)health(一)词组1.duringthesummerholidays在暑假期间2.betweenand在两者之间3.cheersb.on为某人加油4.preferdoingsth.更喜欢做某事5.quiteabit/alot很多6.plantodosth.计划做某事7.haveaskatingclub举办滑雪俱乐部8.goskating/skiing/bicycling/climbing/hiking去滑雪/滑冰/骑车/爬山/远足9.arrivein/at到达10.playagainst与对抗/较量11.forlong很久12.leavefor动身去13.thedayaftertomorrow后天14.Chinasnationalteam中国国家队15.playbaseball打棒球16.atleast至少17.Whatashame!多羞愧！18.begoodat善于做某事19.takepartin参加20.allovertheworld全世界21.begoodfor对有益22.agoodway一种好方法23.keepfit/healthy保持健康24.relaxoneself放松某人自己二.重点句型1.Whatsyourfavoritesport?=Whatsportdoyoulikebest?你最喜爱的运动是什么?2.Whichsportdoyouprefer?=Whichsportdoyoulikebetter?你更喜欢什么运动?Ipreferskating.=Ilikeskatingbetter.我更喜欢滑雪.3.Doyouskatemuch?=Doyouoftenskate?你常滑雪吗?4.Shespendsatleasthalfanhourinthegymeveryday.每天她至少花半小时在体育馆.5.Sheplaysbaseballprettywellandsheisalsogoodatjumping.她棒球打得相当好而且擅长于跳.6.Whatkindofsportsdoyoulike?=Whichsportdoyoulike?你喜欢哪种运动?7.Wouldyouliketocomeandcheeruson?你愿意来为我们加油吗？8.Whatareyougoingtobewhenyougrowup?当你长大后做什么？9.Thereisgoingtobeaschoolsportsmeetnextmonth.下月有一场运动会。三.重点语言点1.seesb.dosth“看见某人做了某事”强调动作的全过程,常与everyday;often等连用.seesb.doingsth.“看见某人正在做某事”强调动作正在进行.如:Isawyouplaybasketballalmosteverydayduringthesummerholidays.Ioftenseehimdrawpicturesneartheriver.我常看见她在河边画画.Isawhergoacrossthestreet.我看见她过了马路Isawhergoingacrossthestreet.我看见她正在过马路.类似的有watch,hear,feel等这类感观动词.2.joinsb.表示“加入某人的行列”“和某人在一起”join+组织表示“加入某个组织”takepartin表示“参加/出席某个活动”如:Willyoujoinus?Iwilljointheskiingclub.Sheisplanningtotakepartinthehighjump.3.arrivein+大地点arriveat+小地点getto+地点=reach+地点如:MyunclearrivedinBeijingyesterday.IarrivedattheGreatWall.=IgottotheGreatWall.=IreachedtheGreatWall.注意:reachhere/there/home=gethere/there/home=arrivehere/there/home4.leave离开leavefor动身去/离开到如:TheyareleavingBeijingtomorrow.明天他们要离开北京.TheyareleavingforJapanthedayaftertomorrow.后天他们要前往日本.5.afew“几个;一些”修饰可数名词alittle“一点点”修饰不数名词如:Thereareafeweggsinthebasket.Thereisalittlewaterinthebottle.6.howlong表示“多久(时间)”;提问时间段.howoften表示“多常;多久一次”;提问时间的频率.如:TheywillstayinBeijingforaweek.HowlongwilltheystayinBeijing?Heplaysbasketballtwiceaweek.Howoftendoesheplaybasketball?7.begoodat(doing)sth.=dowellin(doing)sth.擅长于(做)某事如:Sheisgoodat(playing)baseball.=Shedoeswellin(playing)baseball.8.makesth/sb+adj.使某物(某人)在某种状态keepsth/sb+adj.保持某物(某人)在某种状态如:Playingsoccercanmakeyourbodystrong.Swimmingcanhelptokeepyourheartandlungshealthy.四.重点语法一般将来时：（一）begoingto结构:表示主语进行某一将来行动的打算、意图。这种打算常经过预先考虑并含有自己做好某些准备的意思，因此通常认为用begoingto表达的行动很可能会见诸实践。如：ImgoingtoplaybasketballwithmyclassmatesthisSunday.我打算本周日和同学们一起打篮球。Sheisgoingtobuyasweaterforhermother.她打算为她妈妈买一件毛衣。表预测。指根据迹象推测，而且马上或很快就要发生。如：Lookatthoseclouds.Itsgoingtorain.瞧那些乌云！快要下雨了！（二）will+动词原形：表示单纯的将来事实，常与表将来的时间状语如:tomorrow,soon,later,nexttime(week/month/year)等连用。willnot=wont;缩略形式为ll.表示作出立即的决定。这种意图并未经过事先的考虑或计划，是临时的一种决定。如：a.-Pleaseputyourthingsaway,Tom.汤姆，把你的东西收拾好。-Imsorry.Illdoitrightaway.对不起。我马上就去做。b.-Wouldyoulikecoffeeortea?您要咖啡还是茶？-Iwillhaveacupoftea,please.我要一杯茶。c.Dontworry.Illhelpyou.别担心。我会帮你的。表示预测。指说话人对于将来的看法、假设和推测。如：Imsureourteamwillwinnexttime.我确信下次我们队会赢。Maybeshewillgotothegym.也许她会去体育馆。表示许诺。如：Illdobetternexttime.下次我会做得更好的。Illvisityoutomorrow.明天我会去看你的。句式：肯定句：I/She/He/Theywillgotoplaybaseballsoon.否定句：I/She/He/Theywontgotoplaybaseballsoon.一般疑问句：Willyou/she/he/theygotoplaybaseballsoon?回答：Yes,I/she/he/theywill.No,I/she/he/theywont.（三）动词plan,come,go,leave,fly等用现在进行时表示将要发生的事.如：Imcoming.我就来。HeisleavingforShanghai.他将到上海去。WearegoingtoBeijing.我们将去北京。Topic2Wouldyoumindteachingme?一、重点词语:（一）词形转换：(1)adj.+lyadv.loudloudlysoftsoftlyquietquietlyclearclearlyangryangrilyeasyeasily(2)过去式：fallfellbreakbrokeloselostthrowthrewfeelfelt(3)1.ill(同义词)sick(名词)illness2.start(同义词)begin3.far(反义词)near4.smoke(现在分词)smoking5.careless(反义词)careful6.important(比较级)moreimportant7.Russia(公民)Russian8.enjoy(现在分词)enjoying9.invent(名词)invention;inventor10.indoor(反义词)outdoor11.century(复数)centuries12.coach(复数)coaches13.feel(名词)feeling14.tiring(近义词)tired(二)词组:1.haveasoccergame进行一场足球赛2.fallill病倒了3.bealittlefarfrom离有点远4.rightaway=atonce立刻;马上5.missagoodchance错过一个好机会6.get/missagoal得到/失去一分7.shameonsb.为某人感到羞耻8.doonesbest尽某人的力9.saysorrytosb.对某人说抱歉10.besuretodosth.确定做某事11.beangrywith生某人的气12.withoneshelp=withthehelpofsb.在某人的帮助下13.servefood上菜14.turnup/down调高/低（音量）15.keepsb.doingsth.让某人一直做某事16.inaminute一分钟后；马上17.onthephone在电话中18.takeaseat就坐19.nevermind不要紧20.alotoftraveling一系列旅行21.love/enjoydoingsth.喜爱/欢做某事22.haveaveryexcitinglife过着非常兴奋的生活23.aswell也24.throwinto把投进25.follow/obeytherules遵守规则26.overacenturylater一个多世纪后27.moreandmorepeople越来越多的人28.feeltired感到疲劳29.insteadof替代30.asksb.todosth.叫某人做某事31.makeaplanforsb.为某人订一份计划32.buildup增进;增强33.havefundoingsth.乐于做.做某事34.beimportantto对于某人来说是重要35.inaminute/atonce/rightaway立刻/马上二.重点句型1.Couldyoupleasedomeafavor?=Couldyouhelpme?=Couldyougivemeahand?你能帮我吗？2.Wouldyoumindteachingme?=Wouldyoupleaseteachme?你教我好吗？3.Wouldyoumindnotsmokinghere?你不要在这里抽烟好吗？4.Youarealwayssocareless.你总是这样粗心大意.5.ImverysorryforwhatIsaid.我为所说感到到道歉。6.Wearesuretowinnexttime下次，我们一定回赢。7.Letmebuyyouanewone.=Letmebuyanewoneforyou.让我为你买一个新的。8.Heinventedanindoorgameforhisstudentssothattheycouldplayiteveninbadweather.他为他的学生们发明了一项室内运动以便他们甚至在恶劣的天气也能玩。9.Andyoucanthrowitwithonehandorbothhands.你能用一只手或两只手投掷它。10.IhavegreatfunrunningandIfeelwellandlookfit我总是快乐地跑步和我感到很好，看上去很健康。三.重点语言点1.ill与sick都表示“生病的”,只能作表语而既可作表语也可作定语.如:Themanisill/sick.那个男人病了.(作表语)Heisasickman.他是个病人.(作定语)2.Wouldyoumind(not)doingsth?表示“(不)做某事介意/好吗?”如:Wouldyoumindcomingandcheckingit?来修理它好吗?Wouldyoumindnotsmokinghere?不要在这儿吸烟好/介意吗?3.oneof+名词复数表示“其中之一”,主语是one,表单数.如:Oneofmyteammatesisstrongandtall.其中我的一个队友又高又壮。OneofmyfriendslikesEnglish其中我的一个朋友喜欢英语。4.miss“错过,思念,遗失”如:Imissedthelastbusyesterday.昨天我错过最后一班车.Hemissedhismother.他想念他的母亲.MyGod!Imissed(=lost)mykey.天啊!我把钥匙弄丢了.5.besuretodosth.=besurethat+句子“确定做某事”如:Wearesuretowinnexttime.=Wearesurethatwewillwinnexttime.我们确信下次一定会赢。6.besorryfor“为某事抱歉”besorrytodosth.=besorry(that)+句子“很抱歉做了某事”如:IamverysorryforwhatIsaid.我为我所说的话感到抱歉.ImsorryIlostyourbook.=Imsorrytoloseyourbook.很抱歉弄丢你的书。7tiredadj.“（感到）疲惫的”,主语是人如:Ifeeltiredtoday.今天我感到累了.tiringadj.“令人疲劳的”,主语是事物如:Thisjobistiring.这份工作令人疲惫.类似的有:excited感到兴奋的exciting令人兴奋的interested感到有趣的interesting有趣的8.15-year-old“15岁的”15yearsold“15岁”如:Heisa15-year-oldboy.=Theboyis15yearsold.类似用法:2.5-mile/2.5miles9.instead“替代;相反”,一般单独使用,放在句末,前面用逗号隔开.insteadof“替代;而不,相反”如:IwontgotoShanghai.IllgotoBeijing,instead.我不会去上海而会去北京.=IllgotoBeijinginsteadofShanghai.Idrankalotofmilkinsteadofwater.我喝了许多牛奶而不是水.10.havefundoingsth.=enjoydoingsth.表示“从做.中获得乐趣”如:Ihavegreatfunrunning.=Ienjoyrunning.我总能在跑步中得到很大乐趣。四、交际用语(一)请求和回答RequestsResponsesCouldyoupleasedomeafavor?Sure.Whatisit?Willyoujoinus?Idbegladto.Wouldyoumindteachingme?Notatall.Letsgoandpractice.（二）道歉和回答ApologiesResponsesImsorryIdidntcallyoulastnight.Nevermind.Iguessyouwerebusylastnight.ImsorryImlateforclass.ThatsOK.Pleasetakeaseat.ImsorryIlostyourbook.Itdoesntmatter.Thatbookisntimportanttome.ImsorryIbrokeyourpen.Dontworry.Ihaveanotherpen.Topic3Beijingwillhostthe2008Olympics.一、重点词组:1.jointheEnglishclub加入英语俱乐部2.hostthe2008Olympics举办2008年奥运会3.fillout填出/好4.goon发生；进行5.alltheinterestingplaces所有有趣的地方6.quitealot相当多7.makefriendswith与交朋友8.beafraid恐怕9.befree有空10.seeyouthen再见11.winthefirstgoldmedal赢得第一枚金牌12.get28goldmedals获得28枚金牌13.thewinnerofthefirstgoldmedal第一枚金牌的获胜者14.everyfouryears每四年;每隔三年15.themascotfortheBeijingOlympics北京奥运会的吉祥物16.behavewell举止得体17.improvetheenvironment改善环境18.planttreesandgrass种植花草树木19.asymbolof一种的象征20.standfor代表21.thefivepartsoftheworld世界的五大部分22.domorningexercises做早操23.befondof(doing)sth.喜欢(做)某事二、重点句型1.Couldyoutellmeyourname?你能告诉我你的名字吗?=Whatsyourname?2.Whatdoyoudo?=Whatsyourjob?=Whatareyou?你是干什么的?3.Beijingwillhostthe2008Olympics.北京将主办2008年奥运会4.Moreandmoreforeignfriendsrideinmytaxi(=takemytaxi)now.现在越来越多的外国朋友搭我的出租车.5.SpeakingEnglishwillhelpmealot.说英语将对我有很大帮助.6.Pleasefillitout.请把它填好.7.Whatwilltheweatherbelikethisweekend?=Howwilltheweatherbethisweekend?本周末的天气怎样?8.TherewillbemoreroadsinBeijing.在北京将会有更多的马路.9.Whenshallwemeet?我们什么时候见面？10.Letsmakeithalfpastsix.咱们把时间定在六点半吧。三.重点语言点1.fillout+名词“填好”fill+名词/代词+out如:Pleasefilloutthisform.=Pleasefillthisformout.请填好这张表格.Pleasefillit/themout.(当宾语是代词时,只能放中间)请把它(们)填好.2.beafraid“恐怕”指有礼貌地、委婉地拒绝别人.beafraidof“害怕(做)”如:ImafraidIwontbefree.我恐怕没有空.Heisafraidofdogs.他害怕狗.Theyareafraidoflosingthegame.他们害怕输了比赛.3.maybe“可能是”may是情态动词+bemaybe“或许;可能”maybe是副词如:Hemaybeateacher.=Maybeheisateacher.他可能是一名老师.Hemayknowhername.=Maybeheknowshername.他可能知道她的名字.4.between在两者之间among在三者或三者当中如:TheanswerisbetweenAandB.答案在A和B之间.Thewinnerisamongofus.获胜者在我们当中.5.Therebe句型的一般将来时正:Therewillbeasportsmeetinginourschoolthisweekend.=Thereisgoingtobeasportsmeetinginourschoolthisweekend.误:Therewillhaveasportsmeetinginourschoolthisweekend.=Thereisgoingtohaveasportsmeetinginourschoolthisweekend.四、交际用语提建议的句型:Wouldyouliketogohikingwithus?你想和我们一起去远足吗?What/Howaboutgoinghikingwithus?和我们一起去远足怎么样?Whydontyougohikingwithus?你为什么不和我们一起去远足呢?Whynotgohikingwithus?为什么不和我们为什么不和我们一起去远足呢?呢?Letsgohiking.让我们一起去远足吧!Wouldyoumindgoinghikingwithus?你介意和我们一起去远足吗?Wouldyoupleasegohikingwithus?和我们一起去远足好吗?八年级英语（仁爱版）上册语言点归纳(Unit2)KeepinghealthyTopic1Howareyoufeelingtoday?一、重点短语1.haveacold/atoothache/afever/acough/abackache/astomachache/asorethroat/theflu/soreeyes感冒/牙疼/发烧/咳嗽/背疼胃疼/咽喉发炎/流感/眼疼2.takearest=havearest休息3.notreadfortoolong不要看书太久4.boiledwater开水5.stayinbed卧病在床，躺在床上6.haveagoodsleep好好睡一觉7.feelterrible感觉难受8.dayandnight日日夜夜9.Youdbetter=Youhadbetter你最好-10.notsowell很不好11.nottoobad没什么大碍12.muchbetter好多了13.gotoseeadoctor去看病14.take/havesomemedicine吃药15.take-to-把-带到-16.send-to-把-送到-17.hotteawithhoney加蜂蜜的热茶18.liedown躺下19.lookafter=takecareof照看，照顾20.brushteeth刷牙21.haveanaccident发生一次意外/事故22.dontworry别担心23.worryabout担心-24.nothingserious没什么严重，没什么大碍25.checkover诊断，仔细检查26.thankyoufor-因-而感谢你27.buy-for-为-买-28.not-until-直到-才-29.icecream冰淇淋30.both-and-和-都是-31.takesomecoldpills吃感冒药32.plentyof许多，大量二、重点句型1.Whatswrongwithyou/him/her?你/他/她怎么了？同一句：Whatsthematterwith-?Whatsthetroublewith-?2.Youshouldseeadentist.你应该去看牙医。这是一种表达建议的句子。还可以用以下句式：youdbetter(not)-how/whatabout-whynot/dontyou-3.Imsorrytohearthat.听到这个消息我很难过。这是表示同情别人的句子。4.Youlookpale.你看起来很苍白。（1）在英语中表示气色不好，苍白，不用whit，而用pale（2）“look”在这里译作“看起来”，作连系动词，后接形容词。如：Youlookbeautiful。你看起来很漂亮。与look用法相同的连系动词还有tast，sound，smell，feel。如：Thesouptastesverydelicious.这汤尝起来真香。Yourvoicesoundnice.你的声音听起来很动人。Theflowerssmellsweet.这些花闻起来很香。Thesilkfeelssmooth丝绸摸起来很光滑。5.-ShallItakeyoutothehospital?我送你去医院吧？-No,thankyou.不用，谢谢。ShallIdo-需要我做-吗？takesbto-把某人送到某地6.Illtakesomemedicineandseehowitgoes.我打算先吃药看看情况再说。“goes”在这里指事情的进展。“it”用来代指病情。如：Howiseverythinggoing?一切进展如何？Everythingisgoingwell.一切进展顺利。7.Youdbetterdrinkhotteawithhoney.你最好喝加蜂蜜的热茶。teawithhoney加了蜂蜜的茶，with表示一种伴随状态。类似的表达还有：somecoffeewithsugarandmilk加了牛奶和糖的咖啡someteawithoutsugar不加糖的茶8.Michaelhadanaccidentyesterday.昨天迈克发生了事故。hadanaccident发生了事故9.ButmyleftlegstillhurtswhenImoveit.可是当我挪动脚时，还是有点儿疼。句中“hurt”译为“疼痛”，作不及物动词。后不可接宾语。如：myheadhurts.10.YourX-raysshowitsnothingserious.你的X光照片显示没什么严重的问题。nothingserious没什么严重的。nothing，something，anything等不定代词，被形容词修饰时，形容词位于其后。如：Ihavesomethingimportanttosay.我有一些重要的事情要说。11.Stayinbedanddontmoveyourlegtoomuch.躺在床上，不要总是挪动你的腿。12.Michaelsfriendsboughtsomechocolateforhim.迈克的朋友给他买饿一些巧克力。buysthforsb.双宾语的运用。使用双宾语时，在人宾前需要使用介词，有时用“to”有时用“for”，这与动词本身有关，表示动词的方向，多用“to”，表示动词的目的，多用“for”givesthtosb.passsthtosb.bringsthtosb.takesthtosb.cooksthforsb.buysthfortosb.13.-butIcouldntreadthemuntiltoday.但是直到今天我才读了它们。not-until直到-才-until在肯定句动词一般用延续性动词，在否定句中动词一般为短暂性动词。如：Hewillwaitforhisfatheruntiltenoclock.他将等他父亲一直到10点钟。Hewontleaveuntilhisfathercomes.他直到他父亲回来才离开。三、语法学习1、hadbetter的形式和用法1）固定短语hadbetter具有情态意义，也可以看作情态动词。译为“最好”，它只有一种形式，没有人称和数的变化，后常跟动词原形，是给人提出建议的一种方式。如：Youhadbettergotoseethedoctor你最好去看医生。Youdbettereatalotoffruitanddrinkplentyofwater.你最好多吃水果，多喝水。2）Hadbetter的否定结构为hadbetternot。如：Youdbetternoteathotfood你最好别吃辛辣的食物。Youdbetternotworktoday.你今天最好别工作。2、shall的用法1）作助动词时，英式英语中表示将来，可与第一人称连用，但在口语中所有人称都用will。如：thistimenextweekIshall/willbeinNewYork.下周这个时候我就在纽约了。拄：美语则不管什么人称，一律用will。2）作情态动词时表征询意见，用于第一人称的疑问句中。如：ShallItakeyoutothehospital?要不要我带你去医院？Whatshallwedothisweekend?这个周末我们要作什么呢？Topic2Imustaskhimtogiveupsmoking一、重点短语1.stayuplate熬夜2.bebadfor对-有害3.begoodfor对-有益4.toomuch太多，过分5.domorningexercises做早操6.keeplongfingernails长长指甲7.playsportsright进行适当的体育锻炼8.gotoschoolwithoutbreakfast不吃早餐去上学9.haveabath洗澡10.takeafreshbreath呼吸新鲜空气11.read-about-读关于-12.RenaiEnglishPost仁爱英语报13.asksbtodo叫某人做某事14.giveup放弃15.readinthesun在太阳底下看书16.throwlitterabout乱扔垃圾17.onthelawn在草坪上18.put-into-把-放进