北师大版高中英语必修5 Unit13 Grammar.doc

过去分词用法小结过去分词作定语【语境展示】阅读下面句子，并试着归纳过去分词作定语的用法。1. the injured workers are now being taken good care of in the hospital.2. they are clearing away the fallen leaves in the yard.3. this will be the best novel of its kind ever written (= that has ever been written). 4. who were those guests invited (= that had been invited) to your party last night?【自我归纳】过去分词作定语时，分词所表示的动作与被修饰词之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，且多表示已完成的动作（句1、句2）。单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰词之前（句1、句2）；过去分词短语作定语常放在被修饰词之后，其作用相当于一个_从句（句3、句4）。过去分词作表语【语境展示】阅读下面句子，并试着归纳过去分词作表语的用法。1. the children were excited to see the presents.2. when hearing the great news, we were very pleased.3. he turned to me looking very concerned and troubled.4. after the accident, the children seemed frightened.5. her friends came to see her and the room soon became crowded.【自我归纳】过去分词作表语时，相当于形容词，表示主语的性质、特征或状态（句1、句2）。除be动词之外，look, _, become 等连系动词也可接过去分词作表语（句3-句5）。过去分词作宾语补足语【归纳】过去分词作宾语补足语时，分词所表示的动作与宾语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系。常用于以下情况：用在see, hear, watch, find, feel, think等表示感觉或心理状态的动词后面。如： have you ever seen the mountains covered in snow?on his return from his office, he found the house damaged.用在have, get, make, keep等使役动词后面。如：my watch is broken and ill have it repaired.though he spoke loudly, he still couldnt make himself heard.用在with复合结构中。如：she sat with her head bent down.mike painted his mother sitting in a chair with her hands folded.过去分词作状语【语境展示】阅读下面句子，并试着归纳过去分词作状语的用法。1. a. asked what had happened, the boy lowered his head. b. caught in a heavy rain, he was all wet. c. given more attention, the trees could have grown better. d. much tired, he still kept on working. e. her head held high, she went by. 2. a. praised by the teacher, judy went red in the face. when judy was praised by the teacher, she went red in the face.b. frightened by the story, the girl didnt dare to sleep alone. as the girl was frightened by the story, she didnt dare to sleep alone.c. grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast. if these seeds are grown in rich soil, they can grow fast.d. defeated for a second time, the player didnt give in. although the player was defeated for a second time, he didnt give in.3. a. when asked why he came here, the boy kept silent.b. although made before the war, the machine is still in perfect order.c. if left untreated, the illness can result in total blindness.d. unless changed, this law will make life difficult for farmers.【自我归纳】过去分词作状语时，可表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随等。过去分词所表示的动作与句子主语之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系（第1组例句）。过去分词作时间、原因、条件、让步等状语时，可转换为对应的_从句（第2组例句）。过去分词作状语，可以在其前加when, although, if, unless等连词，构成“连词+过去分词”结构（第3 组例句）。【即学即练】用括号内动词的正确形式填空。1. _ (tell) many times, he still couldnt understand it. 2. the _ (reduce) price of eggs can save you one dollar for each dozen. 3. here are some new computer programs _ (design) for language learning. 4. _ (leave) alone in the dark room, the little boy was so frightened that he cried. 5. my father must have been very angry, for we heard the glass _ (break) on the floor. 6. my teacher seemed quite _ (satisfy) with my work and praised me in her class. 7. the foreigner tried his best, but he still couldnt make his point _ (understand). 8. generally speaking, when _ (take) according to directions, the drug has no side effect.答案【自我归纳】定语；seem；状语【即学即练】1. having been told / told 2. reduced 3. designed 4. having been left / left5. broken 6. satisfied 7. understood 8. takengrammar，unit 13 lessons 3-4i. 从括号内选择合适的内容完成下面句子。1. dont take it seriously. he _ (must / need) be joking. 2. im afraid mr. white _ (cant/ neednt) see you now. hes busy.3. it _ (must have rained / must rain) last night, for the ground is wet. 4. helen _ (may / must) go to hangzhou with us but she isnt quite sure yet. 5. her composition is perfect. she _ (cant / mustnt) have written it herself, i bet. 6. you _ (must / might) be cindy. you havent changed a bit after all these years. 7. mr. li is not in his apartment. he _ (can work / might be working) at his office now. 8. you _ (may / need) feel all the classes are a waste of time, but im sure later youll be grateful if you attend. 9. although you _ (should / can) find something at lower prices here, its not generally a cheap place to shop. 10. life is changing and its hard to know what will happen; even the poorest _ (might / shall) become the richest.ii. 将1-8的内容与a-h的内容配对，形成完整的对话，然后将答案写在题后的答题线上（每项限用一次）。1. ive taken someone elses red umbrella by mistake.2. mum, i have lost one of my gloves.3. do you know where sharon is? i couldnt find her anywhere.4. isnt that your new teacher over there?5. i saw an ambulance waiting in the street.6. ill tell julia about her new job tomorrow.7. im not feeling well.8. he paid for a ticket for tonights show.a. well, she cant have gone far her bags still here.b. you should have told her yesterday.c. no, it cant be him. im sure my new teacher is much younger.d. it must be echos. she likes red.e. somebody must have been hurt.f. you must have d