monthly Test for American High School Curriculum 2.doc

Monthly Test for American High School Curriculum 班级： 姓名： 试卷编号： 【填写说明：1）姓名请用中英文填写，英文姓名请用汉语拼音；2）试卷编号栏考生无须填写；】Subject: Comprehensive English Time: 180 minutes Full Score: 120pointsSection I Vocabulary Building (30)A.motion B. niche C. nomadic D. noxiousE. obstacleMatch the word with the corresponding English interpretations.Group 1 1. One that opposes, stands in the way of, or holds up progress.2. The function or position of an organism or population within an ecological community.3. The act or process of changing position or place.4. member of a group of people who have no fixed home and move according to the seasons from place to place in search of food, water, and grazing land.5. Harmful to living things; injurious to healthA. ooze B.opponent C. orchestraD.orientation E.pancreasGroup 2 6. long, irregularly shaped gland in vertebrates, lying behind the stomach7. Location or position relative to the points of the compass8. a large group of musicians who play a variety of different instruments9. To flow or leak out slowly, as through small openings10. a person who is on an adverse side in a game, controversy, or the like;A.pathology B.pedagogy C.penicillinD.patronage E.pharmacy Group 3 11. The scientific study of the nature of disease12. The support or encouragement of a patron, as for an institution or cause.13. The art of preparing and dispensing drugs.14. any of a group of antibiotics with powerful bactericidal action for treating many types of infections15. The art or profession of teaching. A.polish B.prevail C.porous D.ponderous E.precipitateGroup 4 16. To make smooth and shiny by rubbing or chemical action.17. To cause (water vapor) to condense and fall from the air as rain, snow18. Having great weight19. Easily crossed or penetrated20. To be or become effective; win outA. prodigiousB. prolongedC. promisingE. prosperousF. Prudent G. radicalH. refreshingI. RelevantJ. respectiveK. RigidL. rudimentaryM. salientN. sedentaryO. seismicP. sensitiveMatch the words with the English explanations. Some words may not be chosen.21. Of, subject to, or caused by an earthquake or earth vibration22. Likely to develop in a desirable manner23. Relating to two or more persons or things regarded individually; particular24. strict; severe25. Accustomed to sitting or to taking little exercise26. Strikingly conspicuous; prominent27. Favoring or effecting fundamental or revolutionary changes in current practices, conditions, or institutions:28. Impressively great in size, force, or extent; enormous29. invigorating; pleasantly different or novel30. Having success; flourishingChoose the best synonyms of the underlined words or phrases.31. Although the growth in Canadas population had slowed down by 1966 (the increase the first half of the 1960s was only nine percent) , another large population wave was coming over the horizon. It would be composed of the children who were born during the period of the high birth rate prior to 1957.The phrase prior to is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) behind(B) since(C) during(D) preceding32.Anxious to take advantage of the possibilities of commuting, real estate developers added 800,000 potential building sites to the Chicago region in just thirty years-lots that could have housed five to six million people.The word potential is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) certain(B) popular(C) improved(D) possible33. Plants are subject to attack and infection by a remarkable variety of symbiotic species and have evolved a diverse array of mechanisms designed to frustrate the potential colonists.The phrase subject to is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) susceptible to(B) classified by(C) attractive to(D) strengthened by34.The distance was more than 350 miles, and there were ridges to cross and a wilderness of woods and swamps to penetrate. The word penetrate is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) cut down(B) go through(C) fill up(D) take over35. Stone carvers engraved their motifs of skulls and crossbones and other religious icons of death into the gray slabs that we still see standing today in old burial grounds.The word motifs is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) tools(B) prints(C) signatures(D) designs36. The result is an increased concentration of noxious chemicals in the air. The concentrations at which the adverse effects appear will be greater than the concentrations that the pollutants would have in the absence of human activities.The word noxious is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) harmful(B) noticeable(C) extensive(D) weak37.However, nothing has ever equaled the magnitude and speed with which the human species is altering the physical and chemical world and demolishing the environment.The word magnitude is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) concern(B) determination(C) carelessness(E) extent38.Proponents of these reforms argued that public ownership and regulation would insure widespread access to these utilities and guarantee a fair price.The word Proponents is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) Experts(B) Pioneers(C) Reviewers(D) Supporters39.The willingness of local landowners to participate in this protection effort may have been stimulated by concerns that Congress would impose a legislative solution.The word stimulated is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) motivated(B) anticipated(C) substituted(D) undermined40. Overland transport in the United States was still extremely primitive in 1790. Roads were few and short, usually extending from inland communities to the nearest river town or seaport.The word primitive is closest in meaning to which of following?(A) unsafe(B) unknown(C) inexpensive(D) undeveloped A. sewageB. shelterC. skeleton D. souvenirE. spectrumMatch the following words with the sentences.Group 1: 41. The city needs a new disposal system.42. The human consists of 206 bones43. Please accept this little gift as a .44. Human beings need food, clothing and 45. A is formed by a ray of light passing through a prism A. staggeringB. spiralC. slightD. Skeptical E. sheerGroup 2:46. Profits have shot up by a 25%.47. I started to eat too much out of boredom.48. The birds circled in a slow above the house.49. I woke up with a headache50. Others here are more about the chances for justice being done.A. seedlingsB. viableC. aggregation D. prosecuteE. multiplyGroup3: 51. Coffee trees require certain nutrients to produce beans in 52. economically quantities.52. As the economy from manufacturing to services and electronic commerce, opportunities for white-collar crime will multiply, while the technology needed to stop such crimes will lag behind.53. Not all of animals are social.54. However, there are some very large cases of white-collar crime, such as multimillion-dollar stock market or banking scams that take years to discover and are extremely difficult to 55. After the seeds germinate, the are transferred to nursery beds, which are typically kept under mesh netting.A. intuitiveB. deficitC. exoticD. retreatE.affinitiesGroup4: 56. Their streamlined bodies, the absence of hind legs and the presence of a fluke and blowhole cannot disguise their with land dwelling mammals.57. There are also fantastic journeys to lands, and absurd coincidences and mistaken identities that complicate the plot.58. When the water exceeds 10 percent of the body weight, collapse occurs, and when the water it reaches about 15 to 20 percent, death occurs.59. An extended chain of reasoning may be .60. Once the glacial ice has , the moraine deposits are left exposed on the land surface.A. vegetationB. salinizationC. adventD.agent E. permeabilityGroup5 61. Even in the areas that retain a soil cover, the reduction of typically results in the loss of the soils ability to absorb substantial quantities of water.62. The porosity is not the same as , which measures the ease with which water can flow through a material.63. For them, commerce and economic development were of civilization.64. With the of projection in 1895-1896, motion pictures became the ultimate form of mass consumption.65. The final major human cause of desertification is soil resulting from overirrigation.Write the synonyms of the following underlined words.66. I am rather fond of a solitary stroll in the country. 67. a seismic shift in the political process 68. Blood was beginning to seep through the bandages 69. She was almost 90, but still very robust 70. If the virus cannot replicate itself, it cannot cause illness. 71. The air crash caused an unprecedented number of deaths 72. Choose the good apples and reject the bad ones 73. He was one of the principal architects of the revolution 74. She is a prominent Tory right-winger. 75. He was able to pinpoint on the map the site of the medieval village Translate the phrases into Chinese.76. Sculptures must, for example, be stable, which requires an understanding of the properties of mass, weight distribution, and stress. 77. That this device was a necessary structural compromise is clear from the fact that the cannonball quickly disappeared when sculptors learned how to strengthen the internal structure of a statue with iron braces. 78. The paper money aristocracy of bankers and investors manipulated the banking system for their own profit, Democrats claimed, and sapped the nations virtue by encouraging speculation and the desire for sudden, unearned wealth. 79. If the pores are small enough, the water in them will exist as thin films, too light to overcome the force of surface tension holding them in place; then the water will be firmly held. 80. The commonest spaces are those among the particles-sand grains and tiny pebbles of loose, unconsolidated sand and gravel. Section II: TOEFL READINGPassage 1 Herbs and DrugsHerbs are different kinds of plants and plant parts that can be used for medicinal purposes. This can include the leaves, stems, roots, or seeds of the plant. Herbs have been important in traditional medicine for centuries, in both the East and the West. In Western medicine, they have largely been replaced by drugs. Herbal treatments are, however, still an integral part of Eastern medicine. In recent years, interest in traditional medicine has increased in the West. Many people are either using modern methods combined with traditional treatments or are turning to these treatments entirely. While traditional medicines can be helpful, they are not without their share of problems. The main difference between herbs and drugs is that, while herbs are simply parts of plants, drugs are specific chemicals in a pure form. Many modern drugs are derived from chemicals found in plants. One example is aspirin, which is made from a chemical extracted from the bark of the willow tree. Other drugs are entirely synthetic. Even those drugs that are derived from natural sources are heavily processed in order to purify and concentrate them. This allows drugs to be administered in very precise amounts. Different kinds and degrees of illnesses often require dosages that differ only slightly. A little too much or not enough of a certain drug can have negative effects on the patient. Many drugs also produce negative effects even when taken in the recommended dosage. These undesired negative effects are called “side-effects.”The possibility of dangerous and unexpected side-effects from drugs has led many people back to traditional medicine. Herbal treatments seem more natural than modern drugs. Many feel that traditional medicine is more concerned with treating the underlying causes of disease instead of just the symptoms, though the truth of this claim is not yet clear. In any case, there is a certain comfort in taking natural herbal treatments instead of the processed, synthetic chemicals derived from them.There are, however, disadvantages to herbal treatments, some of them serious. Few herbal treatments have been scientifically studies. While the active chemicals in the herb may be known, it may not be clear what they really do, or if they are really effective at all. .Because the active chemicals are not used alone, it is very difficult to determine the proper amount for treatment, since the levels of the chemical are not constant throughout the plant. Therefore, the risk of under- and overdose is higher than with drugs. A more serious problem is that certain herbal treatments may have no real medicinal effect, thus giving the patient a false sense of security. This is particularly harmful when the patient refuses treatment with modern drugs that could be effective. There are even certain herbs that can cause side-effects, just like a drug. A) One of these is ma-huang, also called ephedra, which is taken to increase energy. B) It has been known to cause damage to the heart and nervous system. Garlic and ginger are common elements in food that are also taken as herbal treatments, but they can be dangerous for people with diabetes. C) In general, herbs are most dangerous when they are taken along with common drugs. This may happen in two ways: a patient decides to supplement his or her regular treatment with herbs, or a dishonest manufacturer adds modern drugs to a herbal treatment. D) In both cases, the results can be very serious. The herb St. Johns wort is often used to treat depression, but if it is used along with conventional antidepressants, such as Zoloft, the combination can cause confusion, headaches, allergic reactions, and other problems. Finally, because production of herbal treatments is seldom regulated, harmful substances can be present in herbal preparations. Herbs grown in polluted soil may contain lead, arsenic or mercury. They may also be tainted with pesticides. It is for these reasons that herbs should not be treated as the perfect substitute for drugs. Although herbs appear to be quite distinct from modern drugs, it is important to use them with the same sort of care. Synthetic (adj): created artificiallyDosage (n): the optimum amount of medicine for a patient for a particular disease or problem1 The word “integral” in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to:A harmfulB importantC famousD controversial2. Which of the following is closest in meaning to “tainted” in paragraph 6?A AccompaniedB AugmentedC SubstitutedD Contaminated3. The word “this” in paragraph 4 refers toA patients taking ineffective herbs instead of drugsB patients having a sense of securityC the risk of under- and overdose of an herbal treatmentD the patients belief that modern drugs are bad for you 4 Why does the author mention that drugs are heavily processed?A To show that herbs cannot compete with modern medical techniquesB Because many mistakes can occur in this processingC To illustrate that drugs are not naturalD To point out that many countries cannot afford to produce drugs5. What is the main difference between herbs and drugs according to the passage?A Drugs can cause side-effects, whereas herbs do not.B Drugs are at least partially synthetic, whereas herbs are natural.C Herbs are dangerous when taken in large amounts; drugs are safer.D Herbs can produce a false sense of security, whereas drugs do not.6. According to the passage, when are herbs most dangerous?A When not taken under a doctors supervisionB When the patient refuses modern medicineC When the dosage is not administered preciselyD When taken in combination with drugs7. Which of the following best states the topic of the passage?A Patients are not educated enough to use herbal treatments.B Modern drugs are still a better choice than herbal treatments.C Modern