北师大版高中英语选修七教案：Unit21 Human Biology词汇篇2（教师版）.doc

unit21 human biology-词汇篇2_1、掌握本单元lesson2、 lesson3及communication workshop中的重点单词，短语及句型。2、灵活运用本单元lesson2、 lesson3及communication workshop中的重点单词，短语及句型。重点单词与短语1.relate v.使有联系；涉及；与相关词汇拓展：relative adj.相对的；比较的relatively adv. 相对地related adj.相关的；有联系的much of the crime in this area is related to drug abuse.这一地区的许多犯罪都与嗜毒有关。2.it 用于强调句强调句型：it +is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他部分。可以对主语、宾语、状语等进行强调。i met an old friend in the street yesterday.( 对主语、宾语、状语等进行强调可表示为)it was i that/who met an old frend in the street yesterday.it was an old frend that/ who i met in the street yesterday.it was in the street that i mett an old frend.it was yesterday that i mett an old frend in the street.3.put off 推迟put off +n./doing sth.推迟某事/做某事ill have to put off my visit until nexr month.我不得不把我的访问推迟到下个月。put sb. off让某人等(由于不想见或不想付款等原因)i put him off with a promise to pay him next week.我推脱说下个星期付给他钱。4.bring up 提出1) 提出these are matters that you can bring up at the meeting.这些事你可以在会议上提出。2) 养育her parents died when she was a baby and she was brought up by her aunt.她是婴儿时父母就死了， 她是由姑母抚养大的。3)呕吐she felt sick and brought up her lunch.她觉的恶心并且把午饭吃的食物吐了。5.attempt to do 企图做某事辨析attempt to do/try to do易混词组词义区别attempt to do试图更注重设法做某事，目的性更强try to do努力尽力做某事， 结果不一定成功，较口语化he attemped to escape through a window.他试图设法从窗户逃离。you should try to solve the problem.你应该尽力解决这上问题。6.prohibit v.禁止prohibit sb. from doing sth.禁止某人做某事the law prohibits tobacconists from selling cigarettes to children.法律禁止烟贩向儿童出售香烟。7.expose v.暴露；显露1) 显露；露出when he smiled he exposed a perfect set of white teech.他笑时露出一口完美的白牙。2)使面临， 使遭受(危险或不快)the baby was left exposed to the wind and rain.婴儿被遗弃于风雨之中。3)揭露，揭穿she was exposed as a liar and a fraud.她说谎和欺骗的面目被揭穿了。8.agree v.同意agree with sb.和某人意见一致agree to a plan/proposal/suggestion同意计划/提议/建议等agree on在上取得一致意见，商定，约定they agree on the plan of work.agree 后跟宾语从句，表示对某事意见一致we agree that the proposal is a good one.我们一致认为这个建议不错。agree to do sth.同意做某事they agree to start early.他们同意早点动身。9.decline v.下降1)下降， 减少her influence declined after she lost the election.她落选后其影响力降低了。2)拒绝；婉言谢绝i invited her to join us, but she declined.我邀请她加入我们， 可是她婉言谢绝了。辨析decline/decrease易混词组词义区别decline下降除了指数值上的下降还指能力等抽象事物的衰退decrease下降专指数值上的下降his interest in the project declined after his wife died.在他妻子去世后他对这个项目的兴趣下降了。the number of the students decreased from 500 to 300.学生人数从500降到了300.10.in favour 赞同；支持短语拓展：in favour of赞同；支持in favour with受宠爱in sb.s favour 有利于某人do sb. a favour帮某人一个忙i am very much in favour of your proposal.我非常赞成你的提议。the student is in favour with his professor.这个学生深得他的教授宠爱。excuse me, can you do me a favour?劳驾，你能帮我个忙吗？11.pretend v.假装pretend to do sth. 假装做某事pretend to sth.自称；自认为pretend that假装the children pretended to eat mud pies.孩子们假装吃泥饼。surely he doesnt pretend to any understanding of music.想必他不会自认为懂得什么音乐吧！she pretended that she was not at home when we rang the bell.我们按门铃时，她假装不在家。例1. (2014湖南) its not doing the thing we like, but liking the thing we have to do _makes life happy.a. thatb. whichc. whatd. who解析：考查强调句结构用法。强调句型：it is/ was + 被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+ that/ who(当强调主语且主语指人)+ 其他部分。本题强调主语not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do。句意：是做我们喜欢做的事情，而不是喜欢我们不得不做的事情让生活幸福。故可知本题答案。答案：a例2. (2015海淀二模) -what is it_ makes you study so hard? -to go to my dream university. a. what b. that c. who d. whether解析：句意为是什么让你那么努力？去我梦想的大学。本题考查强调句型的用法。所以应用that由语意可知本题答案。答案为b 例3. (2015安徽安庆一中月考) china and the united states held their strategic dialogue on august 1st and_ to increase co-operation and constructive relations.a. agreed b. would agreec. have agreed d. had agreed解析：因为有确定的过去时间on august 1，再考虑and连接的并列句应时态一致，所以要用一般过去式。由此可知本题答案.答案：a例4. (2015福建四川石室中学一诊模拟)its evident that the chinese football team hasnt yet found a style that _them. you see, they cant even beat such a weak team as indonesia.a. matches b. suits c. fits d. agrees解析：考查动词的区分。句义：很显然，中国足球队还没有找到适合他们的风格。你看见了，他们甚至不能击败印度尼西亚这样的一个弱的队伍。matches搭配，强调二者之间的搭配，匹配 suits suit作及物动词用,意为适合,主要指颜色、衣着、发式、时间、口味、气候、条件、地位等适合某人， fits 衣服的大小适合 agrees是不及物动词，不能直接带宾语，由此可知本题答案。答案：b例5. (2014福建福州质检)the doctor advised her to eat more bean products_ meat which might be harmful to her heart.a. for lack of b. by means of c. in place of d. in favor of解析：考察介词短语辨析。句义：医生建议她多食用豆类产品来代替肉类，那些肉对她的心脏病有害。for lack of缺乏，by means of通过的方式；in favor of赞成，有利于；根据语境可知本题答案。答案：c 基础演练一单词拼写(单句首字母填空)1. it is very c_ , but ill try my best to explain it.2. she couldnt speak much english so her children had to i_ for her.3. the bodies were i_ as those of two suspected drug dealers.4. they expressed mixed e_ at the news.5. we are p _to welcome you as our speaker this evening.6. the class c_ for all ability ranges.7. the children were surprised by the sudden e_ of their teacher.8. there was a_ time to get to the airport, so dont hurry.9. we need more s_ now to store our goods.10. well have to p_ the meeting until next week.keys: 1.complicated2. interpret 3. identified 4. emotions5. privileged 6.caters 7. entry 8. ample9. storage 10. postpone巩固提高二翻译(根据中文提示完成句子)（共5小题；共5.0分）1. 你应该对你的行为负责。you should_ _ _your action.2. 上课时，你最好把老师讲的课做记录。in class, youd better _ _ _ what the teacher said.3. 他已经经历了太多的困难。he _ _ _ too many difficulties.4. 汤姆是由他的叔叔养大的。tom was _ _ by his uncle.5. 因为天气他们把运动会推迟到下周。they_ the sports meeting until next week_ _ weather.keys: 1. be responsible for2. make notes of3. has gone through4. brought up5. postponed; because of一单项选择( )1. - what do you think we can do for our aged parents?- you _do anything except to be with them and be yourself.a. dont have tob. oughtnt toc. mustntd. cant( )2. my mp4 player isnt in my bag. where _i have put it?a. wouldb. mustc. shouldd. can( )3. - have you _some new ideas?- yeah. ill tell you later.a. come aboutb. come acrossc. come up withd. come out with( )4. would you please _ this form for me to see if ive filled it in right?a. take offb. look afterc. give upd. go over( )5. we had wanted to finish our task by noon, but it didnt quite _as planned.a. find outb. give outc. hand outd. work out( )6. in order to raise the price of certain goods, some businessmen keep them in the stores _ .a. in particularb. on purposec. at staked. by chance( )7. there _ another statue that used to be placed in the center of the town.a. areb. existsc. seemsd. appears( )8. - its a good idea. but whos going to _the plan?- i think tom and greg will.a. set asideb. carry outc. take ind. get through( )9. it is reported that the concert has been_ owing to the performers disagreement.a. carried outb. postponedc. performedd. achieved( )10. its going to rain. xiao feng, will you please help me _the clothes on the line?a. get offb. get backc. get ind. get on( )11.40. little johnny felt the bag, curious to know what it_.a. collectedb. containedc. loadedd. saved( )12. he could hardly_ this amount of work in such a short time.a. get throughb. get offc. get intod. get down( )13.the youngest brother, rather than his two elder brothers, _for the wrong doings.a. was to answerb. were to answerc. was answered d. were to be answered( )14.when cutting the cloth for my suit, leave enough at the edges to _my getting fatter.a. supply forb. provide forc. provide againstd. provide with( )15.health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a _of exercise.a. limitb. demandc. needd. lackkeys: 1. a2. d 3. c4. d5. d6. b7. b8. b9. b10. c11.b 12.a 13. a 14.c 15. d_一单项选择( )1.leave your key with a neighbor _you lock yourself out one day.a. ever sinceb. even ifc. soon after d. in case( )2.today, well discuss a number of cases _ beginners of english fail to use the language properly.a. which b. asc. whyd. where( )3._he has limited technical knowledge, the old worker has a lot of experience.a. since b. unlessc. asd. although( )4._ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to ones skin.a. exposed b. having exposed c. being exposed d. after being exposed ( )5.we find the lake _with lots of trees, clean and attractive.a. surroundb. surroundingc. surroundedd. to surround ( )6.i have _all my papers but i still cant find my notes.alooked through b. looked for c. looked after d. looked out( )7.- come on, please give me some ideas about the project.- sorry, with so much work_ my mind, i almost break down.a. filled b. fillingc. to fill d. being filled( )8.john received an invitation to dinner, and with his work_, he gladly accepted it.a. finished b. finishing c. having finishedd. was finished( )9.some passengers complain that it usually _so long to fill in travel insurance documents.a. costsb. takesc. spendsd. spares( )10.papermaking began in china and from here it _to north africa and europe.a. spreadb. grewc. carriedd. developed( )11.the city government doesnt allow _wild animals in the forest.a. to huntb. hunting c. anyone huntedd. anyone huntkeys: 1. d解析：句意:把你的钥匙留给你的邻居,以防某天你把自己锁在外面。in case以防,符合句意。2. d解析：a项的which 前面如果加上in也可以.c项不符题意.因为主从句之间根本就没有因果关系.b项as不符题意.因为作为关系代词,它的作句子成分主语或宾语,实际上主从句主语、宾语成分具备.如果作为连接词引导原因状语从句,主从句又没有因果关系.d项where表示“在.地方”,在句中作用为关系副词.3. d解析：since由于;unless除非;as当时;因为;although虽然,尽管4. c解析：expose与ones skin是动宾关系,要用动名词的被动式作主语。5. c解析：句子的逻辑主语lake与动词surround之间的关系为动宾关系，且句子中的谓语动词已存在所以要用非谓语动词，综合可知要用surround的过去分词形式。6. a解析：look through浏览;仔细查看;look for寻找;look after照顾;look out当心,注意。根据题意知答案为a.7. b解析：在with+复合宾语结构中,因为宾语补足语表示的动作是宾语正在发出的,故应用现在分词短语作宾语补足语。8. a解析：with+名词+过去分词结构在本句中作原因状语,相当于he had finished his work,所以选a.9.b解析：句意为有些旅客抱怨说通常要花很长时间来填写旅游保险单。spend,spare的主语应是人;cost表花费,主语为物;take可由it作形式主语,表花费多长时间。10. a解析：句意为“造纸术起源于中国，并从中国传到北非和欧洲”。spread传播，扩散；grow成长；carry搬运；develop发展；培养；冲洗。11. b解析：allow doing sth.允许做某事。句意为市政府不允许在森林中猎杀野生动物。选项d应改为anyone to hunt.二.阅读理解 ait is often necessary to release a fish, that is, set it free after catching, because it is too small, or you just dont want to take it home to eat. in some cases, releasing fish is a good measure that will help keep fish variety and build their population size. the department of game and inland fisheries (dgif) encourages fishermen who practice catch-and-release fishing to use a few simple skills when doing so. the advice provided below will help make sure that the fish you release will survive to bite again another day. when catching a fish, play it quickly and keep the fish in the water as much as possible. dont use a net in landing the fish and release it quickly to prevent it from dying. hold the fish gently. do not put your fingers in its eyes. dont wipe the scales(鱼鳞) off the fish because it might cause it to develop a disease and reduce its chance of survival. remove your hook(鱼钩) quickly. if the hook is too deep or hooked in the stomach, cut the line and leave the hook in. the hook left inside will cause no serious problem to the fish. take good care of the fish by moving it gently in water. release the fish when it begins to struggle and is able to swim. do not hold fish in a bucket or some other containers and later decide to release it. if you are going to release a fish, do so right away. with a little care and by following the suggestions given above, you can give the released fish a better chance of survival.( )1. people sometimes set a fish free after catching it because they a. dont want it to dieb. hope it will grow quicklyc. dont want to have it as foodd. want to practice their fishing skills( )2. which of the following will probably make a fish ill?a. taking the hook off it.b. removing its scales.c. touching its eyes.d. holding it in your hand.( )3. a proper way to release a fish is to .a. move it in water till it can swimb. take the hook out of its stomachc. keep it in a bucket for some timed. let it struggle a little in your hand( )4. what is the purpose of the text?a. to show how to enjoy fishing.b. to persuade people to fish less often.c. to encourage people to set fish free.d. to give advice on how to release fish.keys: 1c2. b3. a4. dbnelson mandela is respected and admired around the world. and to south africans he is a superstar. he is a hero who shocked the world by fighting for peace between races, despite the 27 years he spent in the prison of the south africas white, racist regime(政权). mandela who won the nations first all-race elections after the fall of apartheid(种族隔离) in 1994, retired in 1999. but he remains as popular as ever. his popularity has inspired an entire national industry. his portrait(肖像) has appeared at many places, including on some goods. his face has appeared on a south african coin, a metropolitan area was named in his honor and some business leaders hope to build a massive, rotating statue in his likenessthe statue of freedom. it would stand taller than new yorks statue of liberty. his popular appeal is similar to that of john f. kennedy with us or winston churchill in britain, but few politicians in this times have achieved his level of admiration, said tom lodge, head of the political science department of the university of the witwatersrand. “sometimes it isnt completely appreciated what a skilled performer mandela has been throughout his political career. hes a very, very