初三中考语选词组专题.doc

中承英语专题讲义（62期）中考英语常用词组复习与语法选择训练根据（课程标准），初中英语课程的总体目标是发展学生的综合语言运用能力。这一能力建立在语言技能、语言知识、情感态度、学习策略和文化意识等五个方面的基础之上。而掌握常用词组正是为了达成夯实基础，提升语言综合运用能力。一 重点词组罗列：(一)由be构成的词组71)be back/in/out 回来/在家/外出2)be at home/work 在家/上班3)be good at 善于，擅长于4)be careful of 当心，注意，仔细5)be covered with 被复盖6)be ready for 为作好准备7)be surprised (at) 对感到惊讶8)be interested in 对感到举9)be born 出生10)be on 在进行，在上演（灯）亮着11)be able to do sth. 能够做12)be afraid of (to do sth. that) 害怕(不敢做，恐怕)13)be angry with sb. 生(某人)的气14)be pleased (with) 对感到高兴(满意)15)be famous for 以而著名16)be strict in (with) (对工作、对人)严格要求 17)be from 来自，什么地方人18)be hungry/thirsty/tired 饿/渴了/累了19)be worried 担忧20)be (well) worth doing (非常)值得做21)be covered with 被所覆盖22)be in (great) need of (很)需要23)be in trouble 处于困境中24)be glad to do sth. 很高兴做25)be late for 迟到26)be made of (from) 由制成27)be satisfied with 对感到满意28)be free 空闲的，有空29)be (ill) in bed 卧病在床30)be busy doing (with) 忙于（做）/Ex1/ 介词填空： 1My parents are strict _ me , and she is really strict _ my study. 2. Are you satisfied _ what you have got ?3. Everyone is getting ready _ the English test now . 4. This desk is made _ wood, and its made _ Japan. 5. My sister was busy _ his homework last night. 6. Im glad _ help people who are _ trouble.7. Guangzhou is famous _ “ Flower City”, and its also famous _its delicious food. 8. Tom is often late _ work , but he came _ time this morning. (二)由come、do、get、give、go、have、help、keep、make、take、put、set、send、take、turn、play等动词构成的词组1)come back 回来2)come down 下来3)come in 进入，进来4)come on 快，走吧，跟我来5)come out出来6)come out of 从出来7)come up 上来8)come from 来自9)do ones lessons/homework 做功课10)do more speaking/reading 多做口头练习/朗读11)do ones best 尽力12)do some shopping (cooking reading, cleaning)买东西(做饭菜，读点书，大扫除)13)do a good deed (good deeds)做一件好事(做好事)14)do morning exercises 做早操15)do eye exercises 做眼保健操16)do well in 在某方面干得好17)get up 起身18)get everything ready 把一切都准备好19)get ready for (=be ready for) 为作好准备20)get on (well) with 与相处(融洽)21)get back 返回22)get rid of 除掉，去除23)get in 进入，收集24)get on/off 上/下车25)get to 到达 26)get there 到达那里 27)give sb. a call 给打电话28)give a talk 作报告29)give a lecture (a piano concert)作讲座(举行钢琴音乐会)30)give back 归还，送回31)givesome advice on 给一些忠告32)give lessons to 给上课33)give in 屈服34)give up 放弃35)give sb. a chance 给一次机会36)give a message to 给一个口信37)go ahead 先走，向前走，去吧，干吧38)go to the cinema 看电影39)go go bed 睡觉(make the bed 整理床铺)40)go to school (college) 上学(上大学)41)go to (the) hospital 去医院看病42)go over 过一遍,复习/ go over to 朝走去 43)go fishing / skating / swimming / shopping 去钩鱼/滑冰/游泳/买东44)go home (there) 回家去(去那儿)45)go round 顺便去，绕道走46)go up 上去47)go out for a walk 外出散步48)go on (doing) 继续(做)49)go on with ones work 继续某人的工作50)go upstairs/downstairs 上/下楼51)(the lights) go out (灯)熄了52)have a lesson / a meeting上课/开会53)have a football match (basketball match) 举行一场足球(蓝球)赛54)have dictation 听见55)have a try 试一试56)have a good/wonderful time 玩得很高兴57)have a lecture (a piano concert) 听讲座(听钢琴音乐会)58)have a report (talk) on 听一个关于的报告59)have a glass of water (a cup of tea) 喝一杯水，(一杯茶)60)have breakfast/lunch/supper 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭61)have a meal (three meals) 吃一顿饭(三餐饭)62)have a dinner 吃正餐63)have bread and milk for breakfast 早饭吃面包和牛奶64)have (have got) a headache 头痛65)have a fever 发烧66)have a cough (a cold) 咳嗽(感冒) 67)have a look (at) 看一看68)have a rest (a break) 休息一会儿(工间或课间休息)69)have a talk 谈话70)have a swim/walk 游泳/散步71)have sports 进行体育锻炼72)have a sports meet (meeting)开运动会73)have something done 让人(请人)做74)have a test/an exam 测验/考试75)have an idea 有了个主意76)had better do sth. (not do sth.) 最好做(最好不要做)77)have a word with 与谈几句话78)help sb. with sth. / help sb. do sth. 在方面帮助 帮助做79)help oneself to some chicken/fish/meat 请随便吃点鸡/鱼/肉80)help each other 互相帮助81)keep up with 跟上，不落后于82)keep silent/quiet 保持沉默/安静83)keep sb. doing sth. 使一直做84)keep ones diary 记日记85)make a noise (a lot of noise, much noise, noises)吵闹(十分嘈杂，响声)86)make a living 谋生87)make sb. do sth. 迫使某人做88)make faces (a face)做鬼脸89)make friends (with)与交朋友90)make a mistake (mistakes)犯错误91)make room/space for 给腾出地方92)make a sentence with 用造句93)make a fire 生火94)be made from/of 由制成95)be made in 在地方制造96)look out of (outside) 往外看(看外面)97)look up a word (in the dictionary) 查字典98)look up 往上看，仰望99)look after 照管，照看，照顾100)look for 寻找101)look like 看上去像102)look fine/well/tired/worried 看起来气色好/健康/疲劳/忧虑103)look out 当心，小心104)look on as 把当作看待105)look around 朝四周看106)look at 看着107)put on 穿上(衣服)，戴上(帽子) 108)put up 建造，搭起，挂起，举起，张帖109)put into 使进入，输入110)put ones heart into 全神贯注于111)putdown 把放下112)putinto 把译成113)set up 竖起，建起114)set off 出发，动身115)set out 出发116)set an example for 为树立榜样117)send for 派人去请(叫)118)send out 放出，发出119)send up 把往上送，发射120)take ones advice 听从某人劝告121)take out 拿出，取出122)take down 拿下123)take place 发生124)take ones place 坐的座位125)take the place of 代替126)take a walk/rest 散步/休息127)take it easy 别紧张128)take sth.with sb. 随身带着129)take sb. to a park/London for ones holidays 带某人去公园/伦敦度假130)take care of 关心，照顾，保管131)take a look (a last look) at 看一看(最后看一眼)132)take an exam 参加考试133)take away 拿走134)take back 收回，带回135)take hold of 抓住136)take off 脱下(衣，帽，鞋等)拿掉137)take (an active) part in(积极)参加(活动138)take photos 拍照 139)take some medicine 服药140)take a bus/train, boat/乘公交，火车/船141)turn on 开，旋开(电灯，收音机等)142)turn off 关上(电灯，收音机等)143)turn in 交出，上交144)turninto 变成145)turn to 翻到，转向146)turn down (把音量)调低147)turnover 把翻过来148)play basketball/football/volleyball 打篮球， 踢足球， 打排球 149)play games 做游戏150)play the piano (the violin) 弹钢琴(拉小提琴)151)play with snow 玩雪152)play a joke (on) 对开玩笑 / Ex2/ 选择题：1The baby is sleeping . Would you please _ the radio a little?A. turn on B. turn off C. turn up D. turn down 2. The sports meeting had to be _ because of the heavy rain. A. turn off B. get off C. take off D. put off 3. The doctor _ the boy, but she couldnt find out anything wrong with him. A. looked at B. looked over C. looked for D. looked down 4. My brother likes playing _ piano, while I like playing _ table tennis. A. /, / B. the,/ C. / , the D. a , the 5. Could you help me _ this project?A. with B. of C. for D. to 6. Help _ to some fish, boys and girls !A. yourself B. yourselves C. theirselves D. themselves7. Would you like to _us?A. take part in B. join in C. join D. join to 8. Youd better _ too much . Its bad for your health. A. dont to drink B. dont drink C.not drink D. not to drink 9. He will call you as soon as he _ Guangzhou. A. got to B. reaches C. arrives D. came10. The old should _ by the young. A. take care of B. be taken care C. took care of D. be taken care of (三)由其他动词构成的词组153)think over 仔细考虑154)arrive at/in a place 到达某处155)eat up 吃完，吃光156)do well in 在干得好157)enjoy/like doing sth. 喜欢做某事158)find out 发现，查出(真相等)159)finish off 吃完，喝完160)stop doing sth. 停止做某事161)stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事162)hold a meting 举行会议163)hold up 举起164)hurry up 赶快，快点165)enter for 报名参加166) laugh at 嘲笑167)be used to 习惯于168)used to 过去常常169)wakeup 唤醒170)work out 算出 /Ex3/ 完成句子1丽丽以前不喜欢住在广州，现在已习惯了这儿的生活Lily didnt _ _ _ _ in Guangzhou, but now she _ _ _ the life here.2. 你们看起来很疲惫了，停下来休息一会吧！You look _. Stop _ _ _ _!3. 快点！否则公车就要开走了。_ _! Or the bus is going to leave. 4. 我们不应该嘲笑别人。No one _ _ _ _. 5. 你真聪明，解出了这道难题！Its clever _ you _ _ _ such a difficult problem.二、动词短语、介词短语和其他词组 1)ask for 向要，请求 2)ask for leave 请假 3)send for 派人去请(叫) 4)pay for 付的款 5)wait for 等候 6)thank for 为感谢 7)apologize to sb. for sth.为某事向某人道歉 8)look for 寻找 9)leavefor 离开去 10)fall off 跌落 11)catch cold 着凉，伤风 12)catch up with 赶上 13)agree with sb.赞成，同意某人的意见 14)filledwith 把装满15)tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人某事 16)talk about 谈论 17)think about 考虑 18)worry about 担忧 19)look after 照料 20)run after 追赶，跟在后面跑 21)read after 跟读 22)smile at 对微笑 23)knock at 敲(门、窗) 24)shout at 对大喊(嚷) 25)throw away 扔掉 26)work hard at 努力做 27)wait in line 排队等候 28)changeinto 变成 29)hurry into 匆忙进入 30)run into 跑进 31)hear of 听说 32)think of 认为，考虑 33)catch hold of 抓住 34)instead of 代替 35)hand in 交上来 36)stay in bed 卧病在床 37)hear from 收到来信 38)at once 立刻 39)at last 最后 40)at first 起先，首先 41)at the age of 在岁时 42)at the end of 在之末 43)at the beginning of 在之初 44)at the foot of 在脚下 45)at the same time 同时 46)at night/noon 在夜里/中午 47)with ones help 在某人的帮助下 48)with the help of 在的帮助下 49)with a smile 面带笑容 50)with ones own eyes 亲眼看见 51)after a while 过了一会儿 52)from now on 从现在起 53)from then on 从那时起 54)far example 例如 55)far away from 远离 56)from morning till night 从早到晚 57)by and by 不久 58)by air mail 寄航空邮件 59)by ordinary mail 寄平信 60)by the way 顺便说 61)by the window 在窗边 62)by the end of 到底为止 63)little by little 逐渐地 64)in all 总共 65)in fact 事实上 66)in ones twenties 在某人二十几岁时 67)in a hurry 匆忙 68)in the middle of 在中间 69)in no time (in a minute) 立刻，很快 70)in time (on time) 及时 71)in public 公众，公开地 72)in order to 为了 73)in front of 在前面 74)in the sun 在阳光下 75)in the end 最后，终于 76)in surprise 惊奇地 77)in turn 依次 78)of course 当然 79)a bit (of) 有一点儿 80)a lot of 许多 81)on ones way to 某人在去的路上on ones way home 在某人回家的路上 82)on foot 步行，走路 83)a talk on space 一个关于太空的报告 84)on the other hand 另一方面 85)at/on the weekend 在周末 86)on the left (right) 在左(右)边 87)on the other side of 在另一边 88)on the radio 通过收音机(无线电广播) 89)to ones joy 使高兴的是 90)to ones surprise 使惊讶的是/ Ex 4/ 选择题1_, Could you tell me how to get to the Yuexiu Park?A. in the way B. on the way C. by the way D. to the way2. I got up early _ catch the early bus. A. in order to B. in order that C. in order of D. so that 3. He finished his writing _. A. in his thirty B. in his thirtiethC. in his thirties D. in his thirtieths4. There are many flowers on _ side of the road. A. other B. the other C. another D. others5. He apologized _ the teacher _being late. A. to , of B. of , to C. for , to D. to , for 6. _ our surprise, he won the first place in the English Contest. A. in B. at C. of D. to 7. I havent _my parents for a long time. A. heard from B. heard of C. received from D. received of 8. _the help of him, I know how to use the computer. A. under B. by C. with D. on 9. Lucy will go swimming instead of _ at home. A. stay B. stayed C. to stay D. staying 10. We finally agree _ the price. A. with B. to C. on D. about中考链接：1 If you get on well _ your classmates, youll enjoy your school life more. (2010中考) A. to B. at C. with D. in 2 He asked me to feed the birds _ him and said he would leave his key in my mailbox. (2010中考) A. with B. to C. for D. at 3. You should really _smoking. Its a terrible habit. (2010中考) A grow up B. pick up C. give up D. set up 4. My uncle hurried to the airport but the plane had already _. (2009中考)A run away B. put on C. got up D. taken off 5. If you dont _me by two oclock today, it means I wont be coming. (2006中考)Ahear B. hear of C. hear from D. hear about 能力提升之语法选择一、语法选择的特点本题型一般为200词左右的叙述短文，在篇章中考查基本语法，第一句话往往是完整的，一般不设空。通过读第一句话可以根据动词的形式判断文章故事发生的时间。所以阅读第一句话，你的注意力应放在动词的形式上。因为有语境，难度较低。二、语法选择考点归纳让你知己知彼百战百胜！1. 动词：主要从动词的时态、语态、介词+Ving、情态动词+动原等方面考查。2. 名词：主要从可数名词单复数、可数或不可数的判断以及所有格的用法。3. 形容词：分词作形容词的考查，-ed是修饰人，-ing是修饰物，只要会判断主语，即可做对。4. 副词：考查副词的基本用法之一修饰动词。只要空格前面出现动词，则应该选择副词。5. 连词：考查频率最高的是but、so、or、and、although、though、both、either、neither、all的用法。掌握这几个连词的基本用法即可，较容易选对答案。6. 代词：考查人称代词、不定代词的运用。7. 介词：考查固定搭配。考查频率最高的介词：on、in、at、for用在时间前的用法，with、without的用法。从出题的考点来看，动词考查是最多的，一般为3-4题。因此学生对动词的掌握尤为重要。大多数学生认为该题型较难，所以丢分较严重。原因分析：对基础的语法点没有掌握，缺乏解题方法与技巧。三、指点迷津让你不再为语法选择抓狂！ 1.浏览全文1分钟，总体理解文章。 2.理清句子结构，观察上下文。 3.注意连词but and after however等。 4.细致掌握各项语法。 四、实战演练即刻体验语法选择就是这么简单！【即学即练】Annie was excited. Her mother 1_ to Beijing today and would be staying with her 2_ two weeks. She cleaned her home and thought about 3_ some flowers, but there wasnt time. She got in her car, turned on the radio and was heading off when the radio reported that all planes to Beijing would be two or more hours late because it was raining 4 _ . With great disappointment Annie went back inside.Two hours later, Annie arrived at the airport and was 5_ to see her mother waiting outside! She had decided to take an earlier plane 6_ she could get to Beijing on time. She didnt think it was necessary to phone Annie as the earlier plane would arrive at the airport at the time her daughter expected.7 _ mistake! Annie could have come earlier, but didnt. Her mother could have phoned from the plane, but didnt. They were 8 _ hungry and tired. Annie was going to take her mother to 9_ American restaurant, but her mother just 10 _ to get home to rest.( )1. A. was flying B. flies C. has flown D. fly答案巧析：A。读第一句话，动词用过去式，说明文章描述的是过去的事情。直接把B、C、D选项排除。答案选A。Her mother正飞往Beijing，非常符合语境与时态。( )2. A. after B. since C. in D. for答案巧析：D。介词的考查。two weeks为一段时间，排除A、B。in + 时间段表示“在之内、之后”，一般用于将来时；for + 时间段一般用于现在完成时。( )3. A. buy B. to buy C. bought D. buying答案巧析：D。考查动词。about是介词，后面+Ving。( )4. A. heavily B. much heavier C. heavy D. more heavier答案巧析：A。考查副词。观察选项，有副词与形容词，空格前有动词raining，要用副词heavily修饰。( )5. A. surprises B. surprising C. surprised D. surprise答案巧析：C。考查形容词。观察选项，出现-ed、-ing，一般则可推测考查的是分词作形容词的用法。该句的主语是Annie，故用C. surprised。( )6. A. but B. although C. when D. so答案巧析：D。连词的考查。空格前后的句子属于因果关系故用so。( )7. A. How B. What a C. What D. How a答案巧析：B。名词结合感叹句考查。mistake为可数名词单数，选What a 。( )8. A. all B. either C. both D. neither答案巧析：C。连词的考查。文章提到两人，排除A。从句中的and并结合句意，选both。( )9. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填答案巧析：B。冠词的考查。American首字母元音发音，用an。( )10. A. wanted B. wants C. wanting D. want 答案巧析：A。考查动词。整篇文章描述的是过去的事情，谓语动词要用一般过去式，排除B、D。句子缺谓语，排除C。五、学以致用让你轻松拿高分！ 练习 Being safe in your everyday life needs knowledge. If you remember the following information , your life will be much _11_. Always notice the environment around you. You shouldnt walk alone outside . Make sure where the public phones are. If anything dangerous _12_, you can find them _13_.Your bag should _14_towards the front of your body instead of_15_it on your back. When a bus is full of people, it is _16_ for a thief to take away the things in the bag on your back. If you are followed_17_ someone you dont know, cross the street and go to the other way, let the person understand _18_ you know he or she is after you. Next, dont go home at once. You are safer in the street than you are alone in your home or in a lift. If you have to take _19_bus to place far away, try to get to the stop a few minutes earlier before the bus leaves. This stops _20_from studying you. On the bus, dont sit alone. Sit behind the driver or with other people. Dont sleep.11. A. safe B. safety C. safer D. safest12. A. happens B. happen C. happened D. will happen13. A. easy B. easier C. easiest D. easily14. A. be carry B. be carried C. carry D. carries15. A. puts B. put C. putting D. be put16. A. enough easy B. easily enough C. enough easily D. easy enough17. A. from B. by C. in D. for18. A. what B. how C. which D. that19. A. a B. an C. the D.不填20. A other B. the other C. others D. the others 中考链接：（2010年）My friend, David Smith, kept birds. One day he phoned and 26 me he would be away for a