2014年高考真题——英语（广东A卷） .doc

绝密启用前试卷类型：A2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(广东卷)英 语本试卷共12页,三大题,满分135分.考试用时120分钟注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必用黑色笔迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名和考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔讲试卷类型（A）填涂在答题卡相应的位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。2.选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将试题与答题卡一并交回。I 语言知识及应用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从115各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Parents feel that it is difficult to live with teenagers. Then again, teenagers have 1 feelings about their parents, saying that it is not easy living with them. According to a recent research, the most common 2 between parents and teenagers is that regarding untidiness and daily routine tasks. On the one hand, parents go mad over 3 rooms, clothes thrown on the floor and their childrens refusal to help with the 4 . On the other hand, teenagers lose their patience continually when parents blame them for 5 the towel in the bathroom, not cleaning up their room or refusing to do the shopping at the supermarket.The research, conducted by St. George University, shows that different parents have different 6 to these problems. However, some approaches are more 7 than others. For example, those parents who yell at their children for their untidiness, but 8 clean the room for them, have fewer chances of changing their childrens 9 . On the contrary, those who let teenagers experience the 10 of their actions can do better. For example, when teenagers who dont help their parents with the shopping dont find their favorite drink in the refrigerator, they are forced to 11 their actions.Psychologists say that 12 is the most important thing in parent-child relationships. Parents should 13 to their children but at the same time they should lend an ear to what they have to say. Parents may 14 their children when they are untidy but they should also understand that their room is their own private space. Communication is a two-way process. It is only by listening to and 15 each other that problems between parents and children can be settled. 1. A. natural B. strongC. guiltyD. similar2. A. interest B. argumentC. linkD. knowledge3. A. noisy B. crowdedC. messyD. locked4. A. homework B. houseworkC. problem D. research5. A. washing B. using C. dropping D. replacing6. A. approaches B. contributions C. introductions D. attitudes7. A. complex B. popular C. scientific D. successful8. A. later B. deliberately C. seldom D. thoroughly9. A. behavior B. taste C. future D. nature10. A. failures B. changes C. consequences D. thrills11. A. defend B. delay C. repeat D. reconsider12. A. communication B. bond C. friendship D. trus13. A. reply B. attend C. attach D. talk14. A. hate B. scold C. frighten D. stop15. A. loving B. observing C. understanding D. praising【考点】考察文化教育类阅读【文章大意】本文通过叙述父母和孩子之间的沟通难题告诉我们:对待孩子不能一味地指责，那样只会让情况更糟糕。应该换位思考，站在孩子的立场上考虑问题，真正的沟通是用心为对方考虑。只有这样才能实现父母和孩子之间有效的沟通。1.【答案】D【试题解析】考察形容词词义辨析及上下文串联。A自然的；B坚强的，强制的；C内疚的；有罪的；D相似的；父母根据很难和孩子在一起生活，同样的情况，孩子也有相似的感觉，认为和父母在一起很难。故D正确。2. 【答案】B【试题解析】考察名词词义辨析及语境串联。A兴趣；B争论；C联系；D知识；根据最近的一项研究，父母亲和孩子之间最常见的联系就是关于孩子的邋遢和每天的日常要做的事情。在其他方面没有什么联系。也就是说现在的父母亲和孩子之间的关系出现了问题。故B正确。3. 【答案】C 【试题解析】考察形容词辨析和上下文串联。A吵闹的；B拥挤的；C混乱的；D锁着的；一方面，父母亲会因为孩子混乱的房间，扔在地上的衣服或不帮助做家务而非常生气。该词修饰room，说明应该使用C杂乱的。4. 【答案】B 【试题解析】考察名词辨析。A家庭作业；家务；C问题；D研究；一方面，父母亲会因为孩子混乱的房间，扔在地上的衣服或不帮助做家务而非常生气。混乱的房间，扔在地上的衣服这些都是和家务有关的内容。5. 【答案】C【试题解析】考察动词词义辨析及上下文串联。A洗；B使用；C脱落；D代替；另外一方面孩子认为父母亲小题大做，如因为掉在地上的毛巾就责备他们。故C正确。6. 【答案】A【试题解析】考察名词辨析及上下文串联。A方法；B贡献；C介绍，引进；D太多；研究人员发现不同的人对这项问题有不同的解决方法。根据第7空前面的some approaches，以及横线后的介词to可知A项正确，因为approach作为方法，和介词to连用。故A正确。7. 【答案】D【试题解析】考察形容词辨析及语境理解。A复杂的；B流行的；C科学的；D成功的；有些方法比比我的更为成功。4个选项里只有D项表示是对父母亲处理和孩子之间关系的评价的形容词。故D正确。8. 【答案】A【试题解析】考察副词词义辨析。A后来；晚；B故意地，有意地；C很少；D彻底地；有些父母亲对着孩子大喊大叫，但是后来又为孩子打扫了房间，这样父母亲改变孩子行为的机会就很少。本句表示先后关系，故A正确。9. 【答案】A【试题解析】考察名词词义辨析及上下文串联。A行为；B品味；C未来；D自然；有些父母亲对着孩子大喊大叫，但是后来又为孩子打扫了房间，这样父母亲改变孩子行为的机会就很少。父母亲这样做，就是为了纠正孩子的行为。但是不恰当的方法是无法解决问题的。10. 【答案】C【试题解析】考察名词词义辨析及上下文串联。A失败；B改变；C结果；D兴奋；然而，那些让孩子体验自己行为结果的父母亲往往会做得更好。孩子自己意识到自己的问题，就会重新考虑自己的态度和行为。故C正确。11. 【答案】D 【试题解析】考察动词词义辨析及上下文串联。A保卫，辩护；B延误；C重复；D重新考虑；那些让孩子体验自己行为结果的父母亲往往会做得更好。孩子自己意识到自己的问题，就会重新考虑自己的态度和行为。12. 【答案】A 【试题解析】考察名词词义辨析及语境串联。A交流；B纽带，联系；心理学家认为交流是父母和孩子之间关系的最重要的事情。也就是说很多问题都是通过沟通交流实现的。故A正确。13. 【答案】D 【试题解析】考察动词词义辨析。A回复；B参加；C依附；D谈论；talk to sb与某人交谈；父母应该和孩子交流，但同时他们也应该听听孩子的说法。也就是说双方要喜欢理解。，知道对方的真实想法，以利于问题的解决。故D正确。14. 【答案】B 【试题解析】考察动词词义辨析及语境串联。A讨厌；B责骂；C恐吓，使害怕；D阻止，停止；当孩子邋遢的时候，父母也许可以责骂孩子。但他们要应该理解房间是孩子的私人空间。要从对方的立场上看待问题，这样就可以更好地沟通交流。15. 【答案】C 【试题解析】考察动词辨析及语境串联。A爱；B观察；C理解；D表扬；只有通过倾听和相互理解，父母和孩子之间的问题才能被解决。根据句意说明C正确。【长难句解析】1.Parents should talk to their children but at the same time they should lend an ear to what they have to say. 【翻译】父母应该和孩子交流，但同时他们也应该听听孩子的说法。【分析】本句是有比赛转折关系的并列连词but连接的两个并列句。在后面一句中介词to的后面有一个宾语从句what they have to say，其中what既是这个宾语从句的引导词，也在句中作为动词say的宾语。2.It is only by listening to and understanding each other that problems between parents and children can be settled.【翻译】只有通过倾听和相互理解，孩子和父母之间的问题才可能被解决。【分析】本句是一个强调句型，强调的是方式状语by listening to and understanding each other。如果没有it isthat；而把only by listening to and understanding each other放在句首，后面的主句要使用部分倒装的形式。第二节 语法填空（共10题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1625的相应位置上。Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before said_16_ was a wonderful holiday destination. Before we went, we had planned for months. When the day came, we were ready.After our plane landed, we went to the hotel. We had made our reservation six months_17_ （early）, but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake. We 18_（tell）that our rooms hadnt been reserved for that week, 19_ for the week after. I didnt understand 20_ this would happen. Whats worse, the hotel had been fully booked. When we were wondering what to do, the manager came out. She was 22_（surprise）helpful. She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on 23_ top floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we werent charged extra.The next day, my brother and I went to the beach 24_ we watched some people play volleyball. We got a little_（sunburn），but the day had been so relaxing that we didnt mind.16. 【答案】 it 【试题解析】考察代词。在英语中通常使用it指代上文说过的同一个事物，以避免重复。本句中的it就是指第一句里提及的Miami。句意：一些去过那里的朋友告诉我说那是一个很理想的度假的地方。17. 【答案】 earlier 【试题解析】本句使用比较级，虽然没有直接出现than等表示比较级的词，根据上下文可知我们早在6个月前就预定好了宾馆。18. 【答案】were told 【试题解析】本句是一个被动语态，主语we和动词tell之间构成被动关系，故使用被动语态，根据文章第一句可知本文叙述的是我们去年度假的事情，所以使用一般过去时的被动语态。19. 【答案】 but 【试题解析】句意：我们被告知我们的房间没有被预定在这个星期，而是在下一个星期。本句中使用的是notbut不是而是的结构来连接。20. 【答案】 why 【试题解析】本句是一个宾语从句。我不明白为什么会发生这样的事情，而且为了这次预定我的信用卡已经被收费了。名词性从句的连词的选择主要通过上下文的语义实现。根据句意说明使用why。21. 【答案】for 【试题解析】考察固定搭配chargefor因为收费；其中的for表示目的。我的信用卡被收费，是因为我预定了这个房间。22. 【答案】 surprisingly 【试题解析】副词surprisingly在句中做状语，修饰形容词helpful。本题要特别注意词性的转换，surprise可以作为名词，也可以作为动词。句意：她是出人意料地乐于助人。23. 【答案】the 【试题解析】本句使用定冠词the表示特指，特指她给了我们一个在顶楼上的VIP的套房。24. 【答案】where 【试题解析】本句是一个定语从句，先行词是the beach，后面的定语从句we watched some people play volleyball.的句子结构很完整，所以要使用关系副词来引导定语从句，因为先行词是指地点的名词，所以使用where。25. 【答案】sunburned/ sunburnt 【试题解析】本句考察的是过去分词的一个特殊用法“get+过去分词”表示被动或者状态。如“get paid/burnt”获得报酬/被烫伤。前面的a little修饰sunburnt，指我们有一点点晒伤了。 阅读 (共两节，满分50分)第1节 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。ASamuel Osmond is a 19-year-old law student from Cornwall, England. He never studied the piano. However, he can play very difficult musical pieces by musicians such as Chopin and Beethoven just a few minutes after he hears them. He learns a piece of music by listening to it in parts. Then he thinks about the notes in his head. Two years ago, he played his first piece Moonlight Sonata（奏鸣曲）by Beethoven. He surprised everyone around him.Amazed that he remembered this long and difficult piece of music and played it perfectly, his teachers say Samuel is unbelievable .They say his ability is very rare, but Samuel doesnt even realize that what he can do is special. Samuel wanted to become a lawyer as it was the wish of his parents, but music teachers told him he should study music instead. Now, he studies law and music.Samuel cant understand why everyone is so surprised. “I grew up with music. My mother played the piano and my father played the guitar. About two years ago, I suddenly decided to start playing the piano, without being able to read music and without having any lessons. It comes easily to me -I hear the notes and can bear them in mind-each and every note,” says Samuel.Recently, Samuel performed a piece during a special event at his college. The piece had more than a thousand notes. The audience was impressed by his amazing performance. He is now learning a piece that is so difficult that many professional pianists cant play it. Samuel says confidently,” Its all about super memory-I guess I have that gift.”However, Samuels ability to remember things doesnt stop with music. His family says that even when he was a young boy, Samuel heard someone read a story, and then he could retell the story word for word.Samuel is still only a teenager. He doesnt know what he wants to do in the future. For now, he is just happy to play beautiful music and continue his studies.26. What is special about Samuel Osmond? A. He has a gift for writing music.B. He can write down the note he hears.C. He is a top student at the law school.D. He can play the musical piece he hears.27. What can we learn from Paragraph 2?A. Samuel chose law against the wish of his parents.B. Samuel planned to be a lawyer rather than a musician.C. Samuel thinks of himself as a man of great musical ability.D. Samuel studies law and music on the advice of his teachers.28. Everyone around Samuel was surprised because he _.A. received a good early education in musicB. played the guitar and the piano perfectlyC. could play the piano without reading musicD. could play the guitar better than his father29. What can we infer about Samuel in Paragraph 4?A. He became famous during a special event at his college.B. He is proud of his ability to remember things accurately.C. He plays the piano better than many professional pianists.D. He impressed the audience by playing all the musical pieces.30. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A. The Qualities of a MusicianB. The Story of a Musical TalentC. The Importance of Early EducationD. The Relationship between Memory and Music.【考点】考察人物传记类阅读【文章大意】本文主要讲述了一位音乐天才的事情，在不懂乐谱，也从来没有上过钢琴课的情况下就能够演奏很难的乐曲。而且他有超强的记忆力，他就是Samuel Osmond。26. 【答案】D 【试题解析】细节题。根据第一段第三句However, he can play very difficult musical pieces by musicians such as Chopin and Beethoven just a few minutes after he hears them.得知他在听完一个乐曲几分钟以后就可以立刻演奏这些很难学的乐曲。说明他的记忆力和音乐才能很突出。故D正确。27. 【答案】B 【试题解析】推理题。根据第二段最后一句Samuel wanted to become a lawyer as it was the wish of his parents, but music teachers told him he should study music instead. Now, he studies law and music.因为他父母亲希望他学习法律，所以他希望自己称为律师，但是他的音乐老师让他学习音乐，所以现在他法律和音乐一起学习。本句可知他原来计划是学习法律的。故B正确。28. 【答案】C 【试题解析】细节题。根据第三段2,3行About two years ago, I suddenly decided to start playing the piano, without being able to read music and without having any lessons.得知他在不理解乐谱也不去上音乐课的情况下，就会弹钢琴，这让人们非常惊讶。故C正确。29. 【答案】B 【试题解析】推理题。根据第四段最后一句Samuel says confidently,” Its all about super memory-I guess I have that gift.”他很自信地说：这是关于超级记忆，我认为我有那个天赋。本句说明他很自豪自己有这样的能力。故B正确。30.【答案】B 【试题解析】主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了一位音乐天才的事情，在不懂乐谱，也从来没有上过钢琴课的情况下就能够演奏很难的乐曲。他就是Samuel Osmond。故B正确。【长难句解析】About two years ago, I suddenly decided to start playing the piano, without being able to read music and without having any lessons.【翻译】大约2年前，我突然决定开始弹钢琴，我不动乐谱也没有上过音乐课。【分析】本句中的介词短语without being able to read music and without having any lessons在句中是伴随状语。表示我决定弹钢琴的时候，所处的状态。BIt was a cold winter day. A woman drove up to the Rainbow Bridge tollbooth (收费站). “Im paying for myself, and for the six cars behind me,” she said with a smile, handing over seven tickets. One after another, the next six drivers arriving at the tollbooth were informed, “Some lady up ahead already paid your fare.”It turned out that the woman, Natalie Smith, had read something on a friends refrigerator: “Practice random kindness and senseless acts of beauty.” The phrase impressed her so much that she copied it down.Judy Foreman spotted the same phrase on a warehouse wall far away from home. When it stayed on her mind for days, she gave up and drove all the way back to copy it down. “I thought it was beautiful,” she said, explaining why shed taken to writing it at the bottom of all her letters, “like a message from above.” Her husband, Frank, liked the phrase so much that he put it up on the classroom wall for his students, one of whom was the daughter of Alice Johnson, a local news reporter. Alice put it in the newspaper, admitting that though she liked it, she didnt know where it came from or what it really meant.Two days later, Alice got a call from Anne Herbert, a woman living in Marin. It was in a restaurant that Anne wrote the phrase down on a piece of paper, after turning it around in her mind for days.“Heres the idea,” Anne says. “Anything you think there should be more of, do it randomly.” Her fantasies include painting the classrooms of shabby schools, leaving hot meals on kitchen tables in the poor part of town, and giving money secretly to a proud old lady. Anne says, “Kindness can build on itself as much as violence can.”The acts of random kindness spread. If you were one of those drivers who found your fare paid, who knows what you might have been inspired to do for someone else later. Like all great events, kindness begins slowly, with every single act. Let it be yours!31. Why did Natalie Smith pay for the six cars behind her?A. She knew the car drivers well.B. She wanted to show kindness.C. She hoped to please others.D. She had seven tickets.32. Judy Foreman copied down the phrase because she .A. thought it was beautifully writtenB. wanted to know what it really meantC. decided to write it on a warehouse wallD. wanted her husband to put it up in the classroom33. Who came up with the phrase according to the passage?A. Judy Foreman.B. Natalie Smith.C. Alice Johnson.D. Anne Herbert.34. Which of the following statements is closest in the meaning to the underlined sentence above?A. Kindness and violence can change the world.B. Kindness and violence can affect ones behavior.C. Kindness and violence can reproduce themselves.D. Kindness and violence can shape ones character.35. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. People should practice random kindness to those in need.B. People who receive kindness are likely to offer it to others.C. People should practice random kindness to strangers they meet.D. People who receive kindness are likely to pay it back to the giver.【考点】考察教育类阅读【文章大意】作者在本文中通过讲述“随心随意求美，无来无由行善”这句话的由来，告诉我们要多行善，让善良的行为传播。31.【答案】B 【试题解析】推理题。根据文章第二段“Practice random kindness and senseless acts of beauty.” The phrase impressed her so much that she copied it down可知这句话“随心随意求美，无来无由行善”给她留下了深刻的印象。所以她要多行善。她才会为后面的6辆车缴费，也算是一种行善吧！故B正确。32. 【答案】A 【试题解析】细节题。根据第三段的二句When it stayed on her mind for days, she gave up and drove all the way back to copy it down. “I thought it was beautiful,”可知她走了几天以后，还开车回去把这句话记了下来是因为：她认为这句话很美。故A正确。33. 【答案】D 【试题解析】细节题。根据文章第四段第二句It was in a restaurant that Anne wrote the phrase down on a piece of paper, after turning it around in her mind for days.可知这句话在Ann的脑海里好几天了，所以她就把她下了下来。说明这句话是Anne Herbert.想出来的。故D正确。34. 【答案】C 【试题解析】推理题。根据本句“Kindness can build on itself as much as violence can.” 本句是一个省略句：Kindness can build on itself as much as violence can build on itself。再根据最后一段第一句The acts of random kindness spread.可知善良和暴力都是可以传播的。所以C项符合上下文，也就是号召我们要多做善事，让善良的行为传播得更远。35. 【答案】B 【试题解析】推理题。根据最后一段1,2行The acts of random kindness spread. If you were one of those drivers who found your fare paid, who knows what you might have been inspired to do for someone else later.可知善良是可以传播的。如果作为司机的你发现有人帮你付了费用，你也要想着为别人做一些好事情。让善良的行为得以传播。故B正确。【长难句解析】Her husband, Frank, liked the phrase so much that he put it up on the classroom wall for his students, one of whom was the daughter of Alice Johnson, a local news reporter.【翻译】她的丈夫Frank非常中这句话，就把它贴在教室的墙上，让他的学生看，其中一个学生省略当地一个记者Alice Johnson 的女儿。【分析】本句主句中有一个sothta的固定句式：如此以至于；that引导的是一个结果状语从句。另外后面含有一个定语从句one of whom was the daughter of Alice Johnson, a local news reporter修饰先行词Alice Johnson。C Like many new graduates, I left university full of hope for the future but with no real idea of what I wanted to do. My degree, with honors, in English literature had not really prepared me for anything practical. I knew I wanted to make a difference in the world somehow, but I had no idea how to do that. Thats when I learned about the Lighthouse Project. I started my journey as a Lighthouse Project volunteer by reading as much as I could about the experiences of previous volunteers. I knew it would be a lot of hard work, and that I would be away from my family and friends for a very long time. In short, I did not take my decision to apply for the Lighthouse Project lightly. Neither did my family. Eventually, however, I won the support of my family, and I sent in all the paperwork needed for the application. After countless interviews and presentations, I managed to stand out among the candidates and survive the test alone. Several months later, I finally received a call as