2013中大考博题.docx

The war was the most peaceful period of my life. The window of my bedroom faced southeast. My mother had curtained it，but that had small effect. I always woke up with the first light and，with all the responsibilities of the previous day melted，felt myself rather like the sun，ready to shine and feel joy. Life never seemed so simple and clear and full of possibilities as then. I stuck my feet out under the sheets-I called them Mrs. Left and Mrs. Right-and invented dramatic situations for them in which they discussed the problems of the day. At least Mrs. Right did；she easily showed her feelings，but I didn“t have the same control of Mrs. Left，so she mostly contented herself with nodding agreement.They discussed what Mother and I should do during the day，what Santa Claus should give a fellow for Christmas，and what steps should be taken to brighten the home. There was that little matter of the baby，for instance. Mother and I could never agree about that. Ours was the only house in the neighborhood without a new baby，and Mother said we couldn“t afford one till Father came back from the war because if cost seventeen and six. That showed how foolish she was. The Geneys up the road had a baby，and everyone knew they couldn”t afford seventeen and six. It was probably a cheap baby，and Mother wanted something really good，but I felt she was too hard to please. The Geneys“baby would have done us fine.Having settled my plans for the day，I got up，put a chair under my window，and lifted the frame high enough to stick out my head. The window overlooked the front gardens of the homes behind ours，and beyond these it looked over a deep valley to the tall，red-brick house up the opposite hillside，which were all still shadow，while those on our side of the valley were all lit up，though with long storage shadows that made them seem unfamiliar，stiff and painted.After that I wentsintosMother“s room and climbedsintosthe big bed. She woke and I began to tell her of my schemes. By this time，though I never seem to have noticed it，I was freezing in my nightshirt，but I warmed up as I talked until the last frost melted. I fell asleep beside her and woke again only when I heard her below in the kitchen，making breakfast.1、How did the author feel early in the morning？A、He felt frightened by the war.B、He felt cheerful.C、He felt puzzled by the dramatic situations around him.D、He felt burdened with responsibilities.2、When he woke up in the morning，he would _.A、visit Mrs. Left and Mrs. RightB、roll up the curtainsC、try to work out his plans for the dayD、make Mrs. Left argue with Mrs. Right3、What did the author think of his mother？A、She was stubborn.B、She was poor.C、She was not very intelligent.D、She did not love him very much.4、Where was the author“s father during the war？A、He was out on business.B、He was working in another town.C、He went traveling.D、He was fighting in the front.5、In which month did the story probably take place？A、In January.B、In September.C、In December.D、In November.参考答案B C A D Cpassage twoHow we look and how we appear to others probably worries us more when are in our teens or early twenties than at any other time in our life. Few of us are content to accept ourselves as we are, and few are brave enough to ignore the trends of fashion. Most fashion magazines or TV advertisements try to persuade us that we should dress in a certain way or behave in a certain manner. If we do, they tell ns,we will be able to meet new people with confidence and deal with every situation confidently and without embarrassment. Changing fashion, of course, does not apply just to dress. A barber today does not cut a boys hair in the same way as he used to, and girls do not make up in the same way as their mothers and grandm others did. The advertisers show us the latest fashionable styles and we are constantly under pressure to follow the fashion in case our friends think we are odd or dull. What causes fashions to change? Sometimes convenience or practical necessity or just the fancy of an influential person can establish a fashion. Take hats,for example. In cold climates, early buildings were cold inside, so people wore hats indoors as well as outside. In recent times, the late President Kennedy caused a depression in the American hat industry by not wearing hats: more American men followed his example. There is also a cyclical pattern in fashion. In the 1920s in Europe and A merica, short skirts became fashionable. After World War Two, they dropped to ankle length. Then they got shorter and shorter the miniskirt was in fashion. After a few more years, skirts became longer again. Today, society is much freer and easier than it used to be. It is no longer necessary to dress like everyone else. Within reason, you can dress as you like or do your hair the way you like instead of the way you should because it is the fashion. The popularity of jeans and the “untidy” look seems to be a reaction against the increasingly expensive fashion of the top fashion houses. At the same time, appearance is still important in certain circumstances and then we must choose our clothes carefully. It would be foolish to go to an interview for a job in a law firm wearing jeans and a sweater; and it would be discourteous to visit some distinguished scholar looking as if we were going to the beach or a night club. However, you need never feel depressed if you dont look like the latest fashion photo. Look around you and youll see that no one else does either!72. The author thinks that people are _.A. satisfied with their appearanceB. concerned about appearance in old ageC. far from neglecting what is in fashionD. reluctant to follow the trends in fashion73. Fashion magazines and TV advertisements seem to link fashion to_.A. confidence in life B. personal dressC. individual hair style D. personal future74. Causes of fashions are _.A. uniform B. varied C. unknown D. inexplicable.75. Present-day society is much freer and easier because it emphasizes_.A. uniformity B. formality C. informality D. individuality76. Which is the main idea of the last paragraph?A. Care about appearance in formal situations.B. Fashion in formal and informal situations.C. Ignoring appearance in informal situations.D. Ignoring appearance in all situations.参考答案：1.C2.A3.B4.D5.Apassage threeHow often do you sit still and do absolutely nothing? The usual answer these days is “never”, or “hardly ever”. As the pace of life continues to increase, we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through life, being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down and unwind. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.Stress is a natural part of everyday life. There is no way to avoid it, since it takes many and varied forms-driving in traffic, problems with personal relationships are all different forms of stress. Stress, in fact, is not the “baddy” it is often reputed to be. A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to level performance and ill health.The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people thrive on stress, and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others crumple at the sight of unusual difficulties.When exposed to stress, in whatever form, we react both chemically and physically. In fact, we invoke the “fight” mechanism, which in more primitive days made the difference between life and death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme, but however minimal the stress, it involves the same response. All the energy is diverted to cope with the stress, with the result that other functions, such as digestion, are neglected.It is when such a reaction is prolonged, through continued exposure to stress, that health becomes endangered. Such serious conditions as high blood pressure, coronary heart disease(冠心病)all have established links with stress. The way stress affects a person also varies with the individual. Stress in some people produces stomach disorders, while others succumb to tension headaches. Since we cannot remove stress from our lives, we need to find ways to cope with it.1. The reason that many people find it very difficult to relax these days is that _.A. they are working harder than they used to be.B. they are often too busy to find the time.C. they are suffering from the effects of stress.D. they are not clear of how to relax by themselves.2. We learn from the passage that _.A. how much stress one can bear depends greatly on whether he knows the art of relaxation.B. people in primitive days survived from stress because they found certain mechanism to cope with it.C. if one gets into the habit of relaxing every day he can overcome stress easily.D. stress can lead to serious health problem if one is exposed to it for too long.3. The sentence “Stress, in fact, is not the baddy it is often reputed to be” suggests that _.A. stress used to have a bad reputation of causing ill health.B. we should not take it for granted that stress is unavoidable.C. stress is not so terrible as people often believe it to be.D. people do not think stress is as harmful as it was before.4. The pronoun “it” at the end of the passage refers back to _.A. ill healthB. exposureC. reactionD. stress.5. What is writers attitude to stress according to the passage?A. Stress as well as relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.B. Stress produces both positive and negative effects on people.C. Stress should not be eliminated completely from the life.D. People usually work better under stress if they are healthy.答案：BDCDBPassage fore So what are books good for ? My best answer is that books produce knowledge by encasing itBooks take ideas and set them down，transforming them through the limitations of space into thinking usable by othersIn 1959，CPSnow threw down the challenge of “two cultures the scientific and the humanistic，pursuing their separate，unconnected lives within developed societiesIn the new-media ecology of the 21st century，we may not have closed that gap，but the two cultures of the contemporary world are the culture of data and the culture of narrativeNarrative is rarely collectiveIt isnt infinitely expandableNarrative has a shape and a temporality，and it ends，just as our lives doBooks tell storiesScholarly books tell scholarly stories Storytelling is central to the work of the narrative-driven disciplinesthe humanities and the nonquantitative social sciencesand it is central to the communicative pleasures of readingEven argument is a form of narrativeDifferent kinds of books are，of course，good for different thingsSome should be created only for download and occasional access，as in the case of most reference projects，which these days are born digital or at least given dual passportsBut scholarly writing requires narrative fortitude，on the part of writer and readerThere is onthing wiki about the last set of Cambridge University Press monographs(专著)I purchased，and in each I encounter an individual speaking subject Each single-author book is immensely particular，a story told as only one storyteller could recount itScholarship is a collagist(拼贴画家)，building the next road map of what we know book by bookStories end，and that，I think，is a very good thingA single authorial voice is a kind of performance，with an audience of one at a time，and no performance should outstay its welcomeBecause a book must end，it must have a shape，the arc of thought that demonstrates not only the writers command of her or his subject but also that writers respect for the readerA book is its own set of bookends Even if a book is published in digital form，freed from its materiality，that shaping case of the codex(古书的抄本)is the ghost in the knowledge-machineWe are the case for booksOur bodies hold the capacity to generate thousands of ideas，perhaps even a couple of full-length monographs，and maybe a trade book or twoIf we can get them right，books are luminous versions of our ideas，bound by narrative structure so that others can encounter those better，smarter versions of us on the page or screenBooks make the case for us，for the identity of the individual as an embodiment of thinking in the worldThe heart of what even scholars do is the endless task of making that world visible again and again by telling stories，complicated and subtle stories that reshape us daily so that new forms of know1edge can shine out(35)According to the author，the narrative culture is Aconnectable Binfinitely expandable Ccollective Dnonquantitative(36) Storytelling can be regarded as the essence of all the following EXCEPT Athe humanities Bthe reference books Cthe social sciences Dthe pleasures of reading(37) What does the phrase “nothing wiki about(Para2)mean according to the passage? ANothing casual aboutBNothing stimulating about CNothing referential about DNothing controversial about(38) Why is each single-author book immensely particular according to the passage? ABecause it enriches and restructures our knowledge in its own way BBecause it puts together the particular stories we need CBecause it tells single-handedly how we should perform DBecause it helps to make the map for our travel in particular places(39) We may think highly of a writer if his or her work helps Ato haunt us like a ghost in the knowledge-machine Bto publish books in a narrative structure Cto review a book on the page or screen Dto illuminate us in a new form of knowledge(40) Why does the writer think that even argument is a form of narrative? ABecause it can be accessed and downloaded anywhere anytime BBecause it is born digital or it might have dual passports CBecause it has the 1imitation of time both for the writer and the reader DBecause it will remain a better and smarter version for us on the page参考答案：1、B 2、C 3、 A 4、D 5、Cpassage fiveThe American economic system is organized around a basically private-enterprise， market-oriented economy in which consumers largely determine what shall be produced by spending their money in the marketplace for those goods and services that they want most. Private businessmen， striving to make profits， produce these goods and services in competition with other businessmen； and the profit motive， operating under competitive pressures， largely determines how these goods and services are produced. Thus， in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers，coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes， that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.An important factor in a market-oriented economy is the mechanism by which consumer demands can be expressed and responded to by producers. In the American economy， this mechanism is provided by a price system， a process in which prices rise and fall in response to relative demands of consumers and supplies offered by seller-producers. If the product is in short supply relative to the demand， the price will be bid up and some consumers will be eliminated from the market. If， on the other hand， producing more of a commodity results in reducing its cost， this will tend to increase the supply offered by seller-producers， which in turn will lower the price and permit more consumers to buy the product. Thus， price is the regulating mechanism in the America economic system.The important factor in a private-enterprise economy is that individual are allowed to own productive resources （private property）， and they are permitted to hire labor， gain control over natural resources， and produce goods and services for sale at a profit. In the American economy， the concept of private property embraces not only the ownership of productive resources but also certain rights， including the right to determine the price of a product or to make a free contract with another private individual.1.In Para. 1，“ the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes” means _.A.Americans never feel satisfied with their incomes.B.Americans tend to overstate the amount of their incomes.C.Americans want to have their incomes increased.D.Americans want to increase the purchasing power of their incomes.2.The first two sentences in the second paragraph clarity the idea to us that _.A.producers can satisfy the consumers by mechanized production.B.consumers can express their demands through producers.C.producers decide the prices of products.D.supply and demand regulate prices.3.The word “embraces” in Para. 3 probably parallels _.A.enfoldB.hugC.comprehendD.support4.According to the passage， a private-enterprise economy is characterized by _.A.private property and rights concerned.B.manpower and natural resources control.C.ownership of productive resourcesD.free contracts and prices.5.The passage is mainly talking about _.A.how American goods are produced.B.how American consumers buy their goods.C.how American economic system works.D.how American businessman make their profits.答案：DDCACpassage sixWithin that exclusive group of literary c