2016高考英语阅读理解暑假精炼(8)及答案(茂名市).doc

【2014界黑龙江省哈三中高三上第三次验收考试】People who averaged fewer than seven hours of sleep per night in the weeks before being exposed to the cold virus were nearly three times as likely to get sick as those who averaged eight hours or more, a new study found.Researchers used frequent telephone interviews to track the sleep habits of more than 150 men and women aged 21 to 55 over the last few weeks. Then they exposed the subjects to the virus, quarantined (检疫隔离) them for five days and kept track of who got sick.Besides sleeping more, sleeping better also seemed to help the body fight illness: Patients who fared better on a measure known as “sleep efficiency”the percentage of time in bed that youre actually sleepingwere also less likely to get sick. The results held true even after researchers adjusted for elements such as body-mass index, age, sex, smoking and pre-existing antibodies (抗体) to the virus.The researchers arent exactly sure why sleeping better makes you less likely to develop a cold. But they do try to give an answer: “Sleep disturbance influences the regulation of symptom mediators (调节因子) that are released in response to infection.” In plain English, maybe tossing and turning when youre infected with the cold virus contributes to the symptoms that define a cold.The researchers were based at Carnegie Mellon, the University of Pittsburgh and the University of Virginia, and the study was funded by the National Institutes of Health.60. According to the passage, what does the underlined word “subjects” mean in paragraph 2? A. areas of knowledge in a school B. people being studied in an experiment C. research topics D. animals being tested 61. It is shown in the passage that _. A. the researchers obtain information about the sleep habits by frequent interviewsB. the researchers do their research in the National Institutes of HealthC. people hope to avoid being infected with a cold by sleeping as much as possibleD. sleeping more and better helps regulate the symptom mediators62. Whats the best title of the passage?A. The Relationship Between Virus and Cold B. How to Sleep Well C. Good Sleep Helps Fight a Cold D. The More the Sleep, the Better Your Body【参考答案】60-62 BDC 【2014界黑龙江省哈三中高三上第三次验收考试】The Happiest Cities On EarthIf youre looking for a cheery destination for your next vacation, consider these four spots and get ready to take notes on how to really live the good life.Singapore With one of the highest population densities（密度）in the world and residents known for being workaholics, its hard to imagine the city-state of Singapore having one of the happiest populations on earth. And yet in a recent survey, 95% of them said they were either very happy or quite happy.They give their city high marks for cleanliness and safetysubways are pristine (洁净的) and unfailingly arrive on time, and police are seen as helpful and good at their jobs. Whats more, they feel they can count on their neighboursall 5.1 million of them.Arhus, DenmarkThe residents of Arhus cheerfully part with 68% of their income in taxes, knowing that in return they will be guaranteed free healthcare, free daycare, and a top-notch (第一流的) education for their children.An energetic city of 300,000 with a lively cultural scene and a diverse number of religions represented, the sense of equality (the range in incomes is narrow), as well as easy access to the nearby sea and surrounding countryside, make Arhus seem more like a small town.San Luis Obispo, CAAccording to a 2008 Gallup-Healthways study, people who live in San Luis Obispo are more likely than residents of other U.S. cities to smile and experience joy and are less likely to experience pain or depression. About 64,000 of the 260,000 people in the greater metropolitan area (都市区), located halfway between Los Angeles and San Francisco, volunteer at over 11,000 non-profit organizations.Few journeys to work are longer than 10 minutes (one reason its members rank in the upper third for job satisfaction), so “its easy to be involved,” resident Pierre Rademaker said. Business signs are unobtrusive (不显眼的) by law, fewer than 11% of residents smokethe lower rate in the U.S.there are lots of bike lanes, and the citys plaza draws crowds of people for free concerts on summer Fridays. Whats not to love?Monterrey, MexicoThe people of Monterrey dont enjoy high household incomes or access to good healthcare. Instead, theres a profound sense of gratitude for the new political freedom enjoyed since the oppressive Institutional Revolutionary Party lost power in 2000the first time in nearly a centuryas well as an emphasis on social life over work.Another reason Monterrey residents may be so happy is their faith in God and family, and their ability to tough it out through bad times.“We laugh at sickness, poverty and even death,” says Basanez, a political scientist who lives in Monterrey. “We even have a holiday to celebrate death. November 2, the Day of the Dead, is one of the biggest holidays of the year.”63. According to the passage, what do the residents in the four cities have in common? A. All the residents can make great fortunes by working hard. B. The residents there are mostly educators. C. All the residents enjoy enough material wealth. D. The majority of the residents are satisfied with their current life.64. According to the passage, we can infer that _. A. the people of Singapore expect their neighbours to come to their help when necessaryB. the people of Monterrey even observe ones death on a special day of a yearC. the residents of Arhus happily pay 68% of their income for their childrens education feeD. the people who live in San Luis Obispo have job satisfaction because they can enjoy good working conditions65. According to the passage which of the following statements is NOT TRUE? A. The people of Monterrey didnt enjoy political freedom until 2000. B. The residents in Singapore feel happy because of its low population density. C. The people of San Luis Obispo can enjoy free concerts in summer.D. Arhus is handy to the seaside and countryside.66. What can we learn from the underlined part “the sense of equality”? A. The residents of Arhus have no racial discrimination. B. Arhus is considered as a family sharing everything with each other. C. There is no wide gap between the rich and the poor in Arhus. D. The residents of Arhus can depend on their neighbours to help.【参考答案】63-66 DABC 【2015高考复习】阅读理解 “One City One Book” is a generic name (通称) for a community reading program that attempts to get everyone in a city to read and discuss the same book.Popular book picks have been Harper Lees To Kill a Mockingbird，Ernest Gainess A Lesson Before Dying，and Ray Bradburys Fahrenheit 451.“One City One Book” programs take the idea of a localized book discussion club and expand it to cover a whole city.The first such program was “If All of Seattle Read the Same Book” in 1998，started by Nancy Pearl at Seattle Public Librarys Washington Center for the Book.The book chosen for the program was The Sweet Hereafter by Russell Banks，written in 1991.Other cities copied the idea，and the Library of Congress listed 404 programs occurring in 2007.Each citys program has its own goals；these typically include building a sense of community and promoting literacy.Nancy Pearl warns against expecting too much from a program：“Keep in mind that this is a library program，its not an exercise in civics，and that its not intended to have literature cure the racial divide.This is about a work of literature.” Programs typically involve more than having everyone read the same book.Some other activities that have been included are：book discussion sessions，scholarly lectures on the book or related topics，a visit by the author，exhibits，related arts programming (especially showing a movie of the book if there is one)，and integration into school curricula.In Boston the “One City One Story” program used shorter stories and distributed tens of thousands of free copies of the story over the course of a month.American Library Association puts out a detailed stepbystep guide on how to organize a local program，including the critical step of picking the one book.The Center for the Book at the Library of Congress tracks all known programs and the books they have used.【语篇解读】本文是说明文，介绍了美国开展的“一个城市，一本书”的读书活动。4“One City One Book” programs_.Aask everyone in a city to donate one book Bcan rid a city of racial divide through readingCchoose short stories for people to read Dencourage everyone in a city to read and discuss the same book解析细节理解题。从文章第一段第一句可知，这个活动旨在让同一个城市的人们读同一本书并共同评论这本书。答案D5We know from the second paragraph that “One City One Book” programs_.Abecame popular very quicklyBhave been held more than 400 times in SeattleCwere sponsored by the Library of CongressDreached its peak in 2007解析推理判断题。从文章第二段可知，当西雅图在1998年首先推出这个活动以后，其他城市也纷纷效仿，到2007年这个活动已经在400多个城市推出，可见这个活动流行得非常迅速。答案A6We can infer from the third paragraph that Nancy Pearl_.Aexpects much from the programs Bdidnt expect that the programs would run so wellChas a practical attitude towards the programs Dbelieves the programs will push forward community building解析推理判断题。从文章第三段中Nancy Pearl的话可知，她警告人们不要对这个活动期望太多，说明她对这个活动持有十分务实的态度。答案C7What kind of role does American Library Association play in the programs?AIt picks out the city which runs the programs well.BIt gives free books to the host city.CIt gives a practical guide to the programs.DIt keeps a record of all known programs.解析细节理解题。从文章最后一段可知，美国图书馆协会负责具体指导活动的开展。答案C【江西省上饶市2014高考英语二模试题】 People who do not get enough vitamin A in their diet may develop night blindnessBut in the developing world a lack of vitamin A causes much more serious harm to childrenThe World Health Organization links the lack of vitamin A to as many as 250000 child deaths every year One excellent source of vitamin A is found in sweet potatoes with orange fleshOrange sweet potatoes contain high levels of beta-carotene（胡萝卜素） ,which our body can change into vitamin A Experts say orange sweet potatoes specially bred （育种,培植） for growing conditions in Africacould help solve the lack of vitamin A there But, first, more people will need to be persuaded to eat them Jan Low with the International Potato Center, a research organization says the sweet potato needs a better image in Africa Jan Low says, We do have an image problem with sweet potato in general in sub-Saharan Africa It is seen as a crop of the poor Ms Low explains that sweet potatoes are mainly grown by poor women to feed their families in case another crop fails The sweet potatoes commonly grown if Africa have white or yellow flesh But, more importantly, they are low in vitamin A Jan Low took part in a project to study how best to market orange sweet potatoes to AfricansShe worked on an information campaign in Mozambique and UgandaThe campaign included radio messages about the nutritional benefits of the orange sweet potatoThey advertised its ability to” fight diseases, make you strong, clear your skin and make you look healthy In areas without radio, the campaigners spread the message through community theaterThe performances included singing, dancing and storytellingAnd everywhere they went, the campaigners wore orange T-shirts and hatsThey even drove orange vehiclesJan Low says the color made it easier to gain public attention Dan Gustafson heads the Washington office of the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization He points to efforts in the past to increase the popularity of other nutritious crops He says most of these efforts failed because organizers of the campaigns did not consider what people wanted to eatBut MrGustafson sees a better chance for the efforts to increase the popularity of the orange sweet potato in Africa For one thing, except for the color, the vegetable is similar to what people already use66What does the writer want to tell us in Para 1? A Vitamin A in food may cause night blindness B People should get enough vitamin A in their diet C The developing countries are in lack of vitamin A D Vitamin A causes too many child deaths every year67According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true? A Orange sweet potato contains high levels of vitamin A B Jan Low tries to persuade more people to eat orange sweet potato C The campaign aims to advertise the benefit of orange sweet potato D Fighting diseases, making you strong, clearing your skin and making you look healthy are the ability of the orange sweet potato68Jan Low works for A the World Health Organization B the International Potato Center C the government of Mozambique and Uganda D the United Nations Food and Agriculture organization69The underlined phrase“ points to of Para 5 is closest in meaning to A lets B brings C takesD mentions70The passage mainly talks about _ A an image problem with orange sweet potato B an information campaign in sub-Saharan area C the popularity of vitamin A D the function of vitamin A in peoples diet【参考答案】66-70 BABDA【江西省上饶市2014高考英语二模试题】 A mansion（豪宅） may symbolize the American dream But the fact is, for most immigrants, the closest one they ever get to is the neighboring bushes Such is the case with 63-year-old Catalino Tabia, Calif Hes a gardener with a 6h grade education He came to America to make his dreams come true, but ended up fulfilling everyone elses“I always wanted to be somebody, Tabia said“But now I just want the opportunity to help others That is why, not long ago, Tabia started the Bay Area Gardeners Foundation Its a charity aiming at helping smart kids like Noel Chavez, whose dream was to become the first in his family to graduate from collegeUnfortunately, since Noel is still waiting for his citizenship, hes not qualified for financial aidAnd after just a few months of going to school full-time and working full-time, he was ready to give in “Im working too much Im not going to do it Its impossible But then you get some help, and thats my break The break was a $ 1,500 scholarship from the Gardeners Foundation In the last two years, the foundation has awarded 13 such prizes to low-income kids, regardless of citizenship And Tabia plans to give out hundreds more How does a gardener come up with that kind of cash? ”I was thinking and thinking and suddenly, the clients V he said“Thats where the money is coming from We work for clients with a lot of money Tabia and his gard