电子信息专业单词.doc

chapter章、回、篇introduction序言、导论goal目标；终点；球门understanding理解（力；的）principle原理、原则digital手指的、数字的analog相似物；模拟的electronic电子的circuit电路emphasize强调application应用、申请integrated集成的；整体的integrated circuit集成电路；ICdesign of IC集成电路设计carry out实行；遵守；完成with a view to着眼于，以为目的overall全部的；全面的process过程；方法as well as也；又therefore因此present赠送；呈现overview一般的看法；总结general全面的；一般性的concept概念amplifier放大器earn赚得；获得impress影响；盖印magic魔术rewarding值得的；有利的career事业；职业designer设计师familiar普通的；熟知的encounter偶遇；遭遇daily日常的；日报on a basis of 在基础上fuel（加）燃料ignition点火timing计时；定时maximize最大化minimize最小化undesirable令人讨厌的；不需要的emission排放物; 发射automobile（美）汽车（的）engine引挚；发动机weather satellite气象卫星continuous连续的detailed详细的planet行星global球形的；全球的；全局的position决定位置GPS全球定位系统 three-dimensional三维的positional位置的aircraft航空器accuracy精确性tens几十meter米signal信号emit发射vehicle车辆arrival到达contain包含concerningprep. 关于orbit轨道determine决定in addition另外process处理local本地ns nanosecond毫微秒air-traffic空中交通various各种各样的radar雷达 , RAdio Detecting And Rangingcompact-disc, CD光盘player播放器；运动者two-way双向的marine海上的relay接力；转播geosynchronous相对地球是静止的instrumentation乐器；仪器；手段manufacturing制造业（的）computerize用计算机处理monitor监视（器）patient病人intensive强烈的；精细的intensive care unit重症监护病房navigation导航；航行block diagram结构图；方块图；简图be composed of由组成subsystem子系统functional功能的block 块；阻塞categorize分类source来源；源wave-shaping波形变换的memory存储器supply补给；供应power supply电源converter变换器power level电平desired想得到的waveform波形sinusoid正弦曲线square wave方波store店铺；存储DC power直流电源vice versa反之亦然external外部的characteristic特性external characteristic外特性AM 调幅figure图notice注意到oscillator振荡器local oscillator本机振荡器；本振signal source信号源peak峰值detector检测器interface接口keypad键区；袖珍键盘display显示（器）frequency频率synthesizer合成器frequency synthesizer频率合成器gain增益input impedance输入阻抗bandwidth带宽term术语in turn依次；轮流consist of由组成resistor电阻器capacitor电容器inductor电感器transistor晶体管antenna天线mixer混音器intermediate-frequency中频audio音频specification详述；规格meet达到要求appropriate合适的course课程architecture建筑学；体系结构power electronics电力电子学fall into落入；可分成unify统一aspect（问题的）方面information-bearing含有信息的primary首要的；基本的concern 有关；顾虑extract提取transport运输；交通deliver传送；支付substantial丰富的；实质性的；重要的loudspeaker喇叭automatic自动的rocket motor火箭发动机maintain保持orientation方向；方位cardiac pacemaker心脏起搏器stimulus刺激pump泵battery电池be concerned with牵涉到；与有关；content内容；含义rather than胜于; 不仅仅AC 交流 electric(al)电气的line电缆line power线路功率versusVS；与相对analog signal模拟信号analog system模拟系统take on呈现range范围amplitude value幅值against time以时间为对照vary改变on the other hand另一方面finite有限的a number of很多的binary双的；二进制的level电平;水平uniformly均匀地uniformly spaced points in time时间轴上的等间隔点continuum连续流；连续光谱discrete离散的originally最初；原先transducer换能器microphone话筒seismic地震的vibration振动；颤动steam蒸汽turbine涡轮机and so on等等keyboard键盘originate引起；发生conversion转换sample取样measure测量periodic周期的bit位,比特code word代码字assign分派represent代表approximate近似的symbol符号amplitude zone(取样)幅度间隔illustrate举例说明；图解corresponding to相应；符合in this manner如此；照这样ADC模数转换conversely相反地DAC数模转换frequency content频率含量；频谱component成分；分量phase相位Fourier analysis付立叶分析branch树枝；分支；分公司；支部no doubt无疑地rigorous严格的；严密的reconstruct重建provided that假如sampling rate取样率Hz赫兹somewhat相当；稍微theoretical理论的for instance例如manicipulate操作；处理successive连续的; 依次地equivalent相等的；等价物given指定的；假设的approximation近似值consequently结果；因此quantization error量化误差relate to涉及similarly类似地element元素；元件disturbance扰乱；干扰arise from由引起；从产生thermal agitation of electron电子的热扰动；inductive电感的capacitive电容的couple耦合random随机的occurrence发生circuit designer电路设计者(人员)significant有意义的；重大的advantage优势compare with与比较typical典型的addition相加discern看出；理解recognize认识；识别valid真实的；有效的scratch刮痕；失误phonograph record留声机唱片remove搬家；去掉transfer传输tape录音带ever more noise更多的噪声tend to趋向accumulate积累in general一般地individual circuit component分立电路元件manual process手工处理discrete circuit分立元件电路be proportional to与成比例part count(电路)板的数量interconnection互联;结合at one time同时integrated circuitIC;集成电路proportionately相称地;成比例地amenable顺从地turn out关上;产出;发觉是implement工具;实施resistance电阻capacitance容量;电容值inductance电感值approach方法;途径;走近result in导致affordable付得起的performance实行;表演;完成;性能develop开发trend趋势high-performance高性能comparison比较;相比reveal展现;揭示furthermore此外;adaptable能适应的a variety of多种的digitize数字化availability有效性;可用性portion一份;部分feasible切实可行的;可用的totally完整地;完全地thus如此;这样in any case无论如何;总之description描述expertise专家意见;专门知识fit into适合system design系统设计flowchart流程图applicable可应用的item项目;条款power consumption功耗power source电源acceptable可接受的pertain适合;属于transmit发送bandwidth带宽data rate数据传输率SNR; 信噪比destination目标error probability误差概率transmission传输location位置transmitter发射机receiver接收机iterative重复的;迭代的refine提炼;提纯issue论点;问题come up出现;靠近anticipate预期outset开头;开端option选项guidance指引set调整engineer工程师purpose目的requirement必须品;规格solve解决imagine设想creativity创造(力)creative有创造力的experience经历solution溶液;解决方案confront面临impractical不切实际的discard丢弃；抛弃assemble组装prototype原型define定义;界定detectable可发觉的reflect发射 crafts轮船;飞机beam电波superior高级的conceive构想nominal名义上的;标称的current电流fluctuation波动,起伏portable便携式的reliability可靠性primary battery原电池;一次电池rechargeable可再充电的secondary battery二次电池;蓄电池rectifier整流器gasoline汽油generator发生器;发电机indicate需要power failure电源故障suitable合适的potential电势;电位building block积木;构件块entire全部的;完整的meet its goal达到目标eliminate排除；淘汰extreme极端的；过分的eventually最后；缍amplifier放大器gain增益input impedance输入电阻internal内部的finalize使完成configuration布局；配置on the basis of 以为基础propose提议ingenuity设计能力;精巧parameter参数substitution代替equation方程guesswork猜测;推断tailor剪裁by the seats of pants凭直觉；不用工具the more the more越越verify证明；核实component value元件参数值simulation仿真yield产出in terms of根据；按照formula公式substitute替代simplify简化at the expense of在损害的情况下resort求助；诉诸actual circuit实际电路numerical数值的be familiar with对熟悉ultimate最后的routinely例行公事地virtually事实上；实质上prohibit禁止employ雇佣；使用proper合适的；准确的insight洞察力；见识economical节俭的；节制的adopt采用in the long run从最终结果看procedure程序；手续schematic示意图over time随着时间的过去call upon要求work on从事于lengthy冗长的gap间隙；中断written书面的machine-readable机器能懂的entrust委托network网络current当前的compatibility兼容性lead to导致professional专业人员conduct指挥；引导physical electronics物理电子学comprise包含；组成underlie位于之下；成为基础by no means绝不emphasis强调；重点vacuum真空（的）triode三极管Lee DeforestAmerican inventorvacuum-tube真空管team work团队工作Bell laboratory贝尔实验室William Shockley威廉-肖克利solid-state固态的tremendous巨大的therefrom从此proceed继续进行；开展be essential to对必要的advance促进；提升dope麻药；掺杂doping（半导体）掺杂semiconductor半导体silicon硅crystal晶体impurity污点；杂质positive正的BJT双极型晶体管layer层hole空穴MOSFET金属氧化物场效应晶体管gate栅极insulate隔离；绝缘dioxide二氧化物terminal端钮drain漏极source源极opposite相反的Jack KilbyTexas Instrument德州仪器NoyceMooreFairchild Semiconductor仙童半导体capacitor电容器chip芯片single chip单片briefly简要地fashion方法；结构fabricate编造；装配refinement提炼extremely high degree of purity极高纯度process engineer工艺工程师cylinder柱面diameter直径circular圆形的wafer华夫饼干；晶片cut into插进来thickness厚度scores of几十polish磨光mirrorlike镜子似的appearance长相；外貌be exposed to暴露oxygen氧气furnace熔炉silicon dioxide二氧化硅coat涂上；包上photoresist感光树脂（抗蚀）intend to想,打算 mask掩膜illustrate说明oxide氧化物chemical means化学方法etch蚀刻subprocess子工艺photolithography照相制版术photoresistcoated光刻胶覆盖的gaseous气体的；气态的diffusion furnace扩散炉atom原子barrier阻碍oxidation氧化deposit沉积；存钱insulation绝缘；隔离BiCMOSlead导线package包裹；包装costly昂贵的；贵重的benefit from受益于saving储蓄；节省parallelism并行性large-scale大规模地aspect方面motivate激发integrate使成整体evident显然的concurrently并发;同时a batch of一批的complexity复杂性micrometer微米dramatically戏剧性地diligently勤勉地;坚持不懈地dimension维;度in excess of大于;多于in addition to除之外in the size of feature在外部尺寸上result from 由产生electronics industry电子工业remainder剩余部分treat探讨；叙述amplification放大output signal输出信号load resistance负载电阻output terminal输出端voltage gain电压增益constant常数；恒星magnitude大小；量级unity单位数量, 1less than unity in magnitude数量上小于1microphone麦克风, 话筒version早期或起初形式的一种变化negative负的invert使颠倒；反相inverting amplifier反相放大器noninverting amplifier同相放大器monaural单声道的perceive感知；理解stereo system立体声(音响)系统vital生命的；极重要的left (right) channel左（右）声道applied外加的proper phase relationship正确的相位关系video signal视频信号negative image负片图像interchange相互交换ground地common ground共地node节点mount安装multilayer printed circuit board多层印刷电路板ground layer接地层serve as作为用；担任return path返回通路signal current信号电流expression表达式controlled source受控源voltage-amplifier电压放大器model建模as illustrated in Figure 1.17如图1.17所示draw汲取input terminal输入端in series with与串联account for导致；做出解释load current负载电流input resistance输入电阻equivalent resistance等效电阻look into窥视；观察circuitry电路；线路capative or inductive effect电容或电感效应refer to查阅；提到；打听input impedance输入阻抗a function of frequency频率的函数oscilloscope示波器M,mega-Ohm兆欧in parallel with与并联assume假定purely纯粹地pF, picoFarad皮法capacitance电容量resistive电阻性的unless stated otherwise除非另加说明be known as被认为是fixed固定的；确定的arbitrary任意的voltage-controlled voltage source压控电压源property特性Avo times the input voltage vi输入电压vi的Avo倍open circuit voltage gain开路电压增益voltage drop电压降current gain电流增益output current输出电流divided by 被相除be expressed as被表示为power gain功率增益input power输入功率output power输出功率product积rms, root-mean-square均方根值, 有效值uppercase大写字母lowercase小写字母instantaneous value瞬时值so far迄今为止；到一定的限度the same as与一样be equal to与相等10 4ten to the fourth (power four)voltage-divider principle分压原理loading effect负载效应cascaded amplifiers级联放大器multiply乘divide除 the first stage第一级product of the voltage gains of the individual stages各级电压增益的乘积simplified model简化模型stage级 efficiency效率average power平均功率sum和voltage source电压源customary习惯的；惯例的variable可变的；变量number of terms in a supply-power calculation电源功率计算式中的项数subscript下标greater than大于obtain获得taken from从吸收dissipated as heat以热的形式消耗掉insignificant微不足道的pW, picoWatt皮瓦percentage百分比recall回忆；取消decibel notation分贝表示法logarithm对数base（对数的）底unity gain单位增益0.1one tenthattenuator衰减器convenience便利by comparison比较起来quantity数量imply暗示；意味着designation名称;符号abbreviate缩写confuse混淆dispense分发；分配extra 额外的current-controlled current source流控电流源as before如以前in parallel并行地；平行地short circuit短路the ratio of output current to input current输出输入电流比Thevenin circuit戴维宁等效电路Norton circuit诺顿等效电路transconductance amplifier互导放大器Siemens西门子short-circuit transconductance gain短路互导增益the ratio of short-circuit output current to the input voltage短路输出电流输入电压比Thevenin resistance戴维宁等效电阻transresistence amplifier model互阻放大器模型current-controlled voltage source流控电压源open-circuit transresistance gain开路互导增益the ratio of open-circuit output voltage to input current开路输出电压输入电流比be equivalent to与等效infinity无限；无穷大zero零high (low) input impedance高(低)输入阻抗call for要求electrocardiograph心电图，ECGsubject被试electrode电极skin皮肤contact resistance接触电阻ammeter安培表accomplish完成independent独立的；不相关的optical communication system光通信系统light-emitting diode, LED 发光二极管intensity强度；亮度nonlinear非线性achieve实现；完成high output impedance高输出电阻transmission line传输线路；波导线coaxial cable同轴电缆distribute 分配characteristic impedance特征阻抗partially部分地terminate终止antenna天线round-trip来回旅程的degrade下降faint模糊的ghost魔鬼slightly轻微地frequency response频率响应fidelity保真度primary consideration首要考虑classify分类sense意味着infinite无限的；无穷大zero output impedance零输出阻抗be classed as归类为encounter遭遇in advance预先on the order of大约run from 1 to 100k取值从1至100ksum of sinusoidal components正弦分量和spectrum频谱FM, frequency modulation调频UHF, Ultra-Higher-Frequency甚高频cellular蜂窝的downlink下引线：通信卫星或其它航天器之间传递数据信号的传输线路spectra频谱Fourier series付立叶级数symmetrical 对称的period周期fundamental angular frequency基波角频率linear system线性系统superposition叠加transfer function传输函数pass through经过；通过audio amplifier音频放大器draw conclusion下结论be suitable for适合于operational amplifier运算放大器fairly low frequency完全低频rule out排除；取消general-purpose通用的complex gain复数增益gain parameter增益参数definition定义；概念bold粗体的stand for表示为dropping the angle before taking the logarithm取对数之前舍弃角度phasor相量phase shifted by 45相移45度midband region中频区AC-coupled交流耦合DC-coupled直流耦合direct coupling直接耦合coupling capacitor耦合电容transformer变压器interstage级间all the way自始至终span跨越deliberately深思熟虑地electrochemical contact potential developed by electrodes由电极导致的电化学接触电位mV, milivolt毫伏volt伏特DC component直流分量overload使越载brightness亮度be necessary to有必要DC restorer直流分量还原器reinsert重新插入drop off减少signal path信号通路be inversely proportional to成反比例active device有源设备magnetic field磁场GHz, gigahertz109赫兹half-power frequency半功率频率点specify明确说明wideband (narrow band) amplifier宽（窄）带放大器baseband基带occupy占领bandpass带通Pulse response脉冲响应pulse signal脉冲信号differ from与不同overshoot超调量；过冲ringing振铃tilt倾斜the leading and trailing edge上升和下降沿gradual rather than abrupt渐变而非突变的rise time上升时间quantify定量表示interval间隔rounding圆角be attributed to归因于roll-off跌落rule-of-thumb经验法则pulse amplifier脉冲放大器broadband宽带的upper half-power frequency上半功率频率点high-frequency characteristic高频特性electron beam电子束picture tube显像管horizontal水平的strike phosphor撞击发光涂层primary color基色scan line扫描线scan rate扫描率differential amplifier差分放大器thus far迄今 difference between the input voltage输入电压之差inverting input反相输入noninverting input同相输入mark with标以sign符号differential input signal差模输入信号differential gain差模增益common-mode input signal共模输入信号of no interest无兴趣in contact with联系；连接cardiologist心脏病专家present现存的incidental capacitance伴生电容stray-capacitance寄生电容fraction一小部分with respect to关于common-mode Rejection Ratio共模抑制比respond to反应denote指示；表示well-designed设计优良的sine wave正弦波amount to总计attenuation衰减in regard to关于short out短路interference干扰stringent严格的；收缩的fatal致命的；毁灭性的imperceptible察觉不到的；细微的under ordinary circumstance通常情况下surgeon外科医生straightforward直接的measurement测量out of phase反相negligible可以忽略的setup结构；组成；information-processing system信息处理系统power-control system功率控制系统words of finite length有限字长precisely精确地degradation退化regenerate重建；再生；还原distortion失真cumulative累积的respectively各自地；分别circuit board电路板attain达到；获得strive to为努力avoid避免；消除wherever无论哪里；无论如何refer to as把当作take into account重视；考虑amplifier power efficiency放大器电源效率distinction区别；差别sketch速写；勾画蓝图bit per second, bps比特率quantization zone量化区tolerance容许变化范围micron微米2cm by 2cm2厘米乘2厘米distant transmitter远程发射机calculate计算turn ratio匝数比net power净功率half-cycle sine pulse半波正弦脉冲muck烂泥strip-chart recorder纸带记录仪deflect使偏转plot against frequency以频率为变量画图function of time时间的函数derive推出scale尺度latter后一个electret microphone驻极体话筒instrumentation amplifier仪表放大器；仪放术语不很正式地运算放大器多方面的;多种用途的积分或加法反馈网络闭环开环与结合单位到单位的变换理想运放反相和同相输入端照常时变的忽略暂时;目前;眼下明显地(工艺过程中的)常规练习逐点约束即虚短和虚断负反馈基尔霍夫定律欧姆定律反相放大器弄清楚;确信演示独自地;单独精确而稳定重组织至于,就而言非理想特性然而;不过偏离微不足道的不精确的虚短路术语(学)短路接地混乱的虚开(断)路反相比例电路的变形诉诸于;采取KCLKVL去除电路变量优于;胜过利用求和放大器贴标签正反馈施密特触发器节点方程输入偏置电路或偏移电压保持+5V或-5V不变波形变换错误地;不正确地电压跟随器单位增益缺点考虑到可分成直流偏移外部行为评论有意地;故意地频率补偿主极点明显的单极点20dB/10倍频下降黑体符号在这一点上渐近线长至;多至添加;双重相差;相异增益带宽积单位增益带宽不朽的国家半导体(公司)AD(公司)停止限幅;削波单电源对称的过大的功耗疏忽地;因疏忽所致的对地短路开始回转率限制赶上到那时候全功率带宽不失真的导数偏置电流失调电流失调电压可预测的参考方向消除不需要的;多余的