重大版必修一Unit 1.doc

Unit 1devote用法 v. 献身，专心于搭配 devote. to.把什么献给. devote oneself to.致力于，献身于，专心于 be devoted to 致力于，专心于举例 He devoted his life to literature. 专心致志于文学。 We should devote ourselves to the duties of our profession. 我们应当献身于我们的职责。考点 to 为介词，后加动词ing拓展 devoted adj. 热爱的，全心全意的 devotedly adv. 全心全意地 devotion n. 热爱，献身 besides, but, except, except for辨析这些前置词或短语均含“除之外”之意。besides : 着重于指另外还有。例如：Besides milk and cheese, we need vegetables.除了牛奶和干酪外，我们还需要蔬菜。but : 侧重指不包括在内。昨天除了我以外没别人考及格。例如：Nobody but Li Ming talked to Lao Wang today. 除了李明，今天没有人跟老王说话。except : 侧重于排除在外，从整体里减去。可与but换用，但语气较强。例如：She can do everything except cook. 除了做饭之外她什么都会。except for : 多用于在说明基本情况或对主要部分加以肯定，还引出相反的原因或细节，从而部分地修正前面的主要意思，含惋惜意味。例如：Except for one old lady, the bus was empty. 公共汽车上要不是坐了一位老太太就是空的。用法习题：1. No one knew Mr Besons address _ his daughter. A. except B. excepts C. only D. besides 2. Do you know any other foreign language _ English? A. except B. but C. beside D. besides 3. I know nothing about the young lady _ she is from Beijing. A. exceptB. except for C. except that D. besides 析:Key:1. A 2. D 3. CAs短语1. As a matter of fact事实上,其实As a matter of fact, I know nothing about the constructions of the information p roducts.其实我对这些信息产品的构造一无所知。2. As a result结果,终于,因此She studied hard. As a result, she made fast progress in the studies.她学习用功。因此她在学习方面进步很快。3. As a result(或consequence)of作为结果,由于结果As a result of its rise in temperature the gas expands.由于温度上升,气体就膨胀。4. as a rule作为一个常规,通常,习以为常As a rule, we keep records on all the experiments so that we may have enough dat a.我们通常总是对所有的实验都作记录,以便得到足够的资料。5. as a whole作为一个整体(来看)We should analyze the problem as a whole.我们应该把这个问题作为一个整体来分析。(状语)6. As above如上It has been explained as above.这件事已在上面解释过了。7. asas ever像往常一样She works as hard as ever.她工作一贯努力。8. asas possible尽可能地as soon as possible尽可能早as big as possible尽可能大,越大越好as carefully as possible越仔细越好as far as possible尽可能,尽力9. as before依旧He gave the same answer as before(或as ever).他依然作了相同的答复。10. as early as早在As early as 1949,he suggested that plan.早在1949年他就提出了那个计划。11. As (或so) far as we know.就我们所知。12. As follows如下The text reads as follows.原文如下。13. as for (或as to)至于,讲到,关于As for (或as to) physics, it is not difficult at all.至于物理学,那一点也不难。14. as good as跟一样,几乎等于She is as good as her words.她遵守诺言。15. as it is (was)在句首,“但在实际上”;在句末,“照原来样子”。As it was, we did help them.事实上,我们的确帮了他们。Leave the things as they are.别动这些东西。16. As manyas如一般多;凡的都From this library you can borrow as many books as you want to read.在这个图书馆内,凡是你想读的书都能借到。as usual照例,照常He arrived on schedule(或on time) as usual.他照常准时到达。19. as well又,也,同样He speaks English as well.他也讲英语。20. as well as和一样,不但而且He has skill as well as knowledge.他既有学问,又有熟练技能。21. so as to (后接不定式动词)为的是,以便;以致We must go early so as to be in time.我们必须早去,才能准时。(目的状语)He worked hard so as to end the task with success.他努力干,终于胜利完成了任务。(结果状语)22. such as“名词+such as”这里such as是复合连接词,引出同位语,以对前面的名词起列举作用,可译为“例如”。Soft materials, such as cloth, do not carry sounds so well as wood, iron and oth er solids.像布那样柔软的材料,不如木材、铁和其它固体东西传导声音那样好。“such as”这里such是代词,作“这样的人、事、物”讲, as是关系代词,引出定语从句。This book is not such as I expect.这不是一本我所希望的书。(such是代词作表语用,是as的先行词。)高中英语常用词缀1. 常用前缀前缀词缀意义举例anti-1. 反对，反抗，对抗antisocial (a. 反社会的) antipathy (n. 反感)2. 替代，取代anti-hero（n. 非英雄主角）auto-1. 自己的autobiography (n. 自传) autograph (n. 亲笔签名)2. 自动的，自主的automatic (a. 自动的) autocrat (n. 独裁者)co-一起；共同；同等co-operate (v. 合作) co-education (n. 男女同校)dis-(与动词连用)的否定、相反disbelieve (v. 不信，怀疑) disorder (n. 杂乱)en-1. (+n. or v.= v.)置于中或上encase (v. 装入，包住) endanger (v. 危及)2. (+n. or a.= v.)使变成/使成为enlarge (v. 扩大，放大) enrich (v. 使富足)in-1. (+v.=v. or n.)在内，在上2. (+a. = a.)不，无intake (n. 入口，通风口)infinite (a. 无穷的，无限的)il-illegal (a. 违法的)im-immoral (a. 不道德的)ir-irrelevant (a. 不相关的)inter-在之间；从一个到另一个international (a. 国际的) mis-不良；错误；不misdirect (v. 误导) mistrust (v. 不信任)multi-许多multistage (a. 多极的) multi-coloured (a. 五彩缤纷的)non-非，不nonsense (n. 胡说) nonstop (a. 不断的)out-1. 在外面的outhouse (n. 外屋，厕所) outpost (n. 前哨)2. 超越；在 上超过outnumber (v. 数目超过，比 多) 3. 具有out 的各种意义outcry (n. 大声疾呼) outspoken (a. 坦率直言的)over-1. 横越；在 之上overland (a. 陆上的) overhead (a. 在头上的)2. 过度；过多overcharge (v. 讨价过高) overwork (v. 工作过度)3. 具有over 的各种意义overthrow (v. 打倒) overpower (v. 制服，压倒)post-在 之后的postscript (n. 附言) postgraduate (n. 研究生)pre-预先；在 之前premature (a. 早熟的) prerecorded (v. 事先录音)re-再；重新rewrite (v. 重写) redo (v. 重做) repeat (v. 重复)sub-1. 在 下面的subway (n. 地铁) subsoil (n.下层土，天然地基 )2. 次等；次要；附属sub-committee (n. 附属委员会)3. 低于；次于；亚于subnormal (a. 低于正常的)4. (用在动词上）第二次重复;再subdivide (v. 再分，细分)super-1. 在 上面superstructure (n. 上层建筑)2. 超过；越过supernatural (a. 超自然的)tele-远距离的television (n. 电视) telepathy (n. 心灵感应)un-1. (用在形容词或名词上)不；非unable (a. 不会的) untruth (n. 假话)2. (用在动词上) 的否定、相反uncover (v. 揭示) unpack (v. 打开包裹，卸货)2. 常用后缀1）名词后缀后缀词缀意义举例-ability的能力probability(可能性)-ibility的可能性possibility（可能性）-al1. 名词 + = 形容词 magical (adj.不可思议的) verbal (adj.口头的)-an专有名词+ = 名词或形容词Mexican (n. 墨西哥人)-ianBrazilian (n. 巴西人)-arian实行或实践 的人vegetarian (n.素食者)-ee1. (动词 + = 名词) 受者employee (n. 雇员) interviewee (n. 被接见者)2. 做出 行为的人absentee (n. 缺席者) refugee (n. 难民)3. (名词 + = 名词) 小型的bootee (n. 毛线鞋) coatee (n. 紧身短上衣)-er1. (动词 + = 名词) 执行者runner (n. 信使) 2. (名词 + = 名词)从事 的人astronomer (n. 天文学家) philosopher (n. 哲学家)3. 用以构成形容词的比较级stronger thinner nicer-or(动词 + = 名词)执行之人或物governor (n. 统治者) elevator (n. 电梯)-arliar(n.说谎者)-hood(名词 + = 名词)身份；地位boyhood (n. 少年时代) brotherhood (n. 手足情深)-sion动词 + = 名词confession (n. 供认) -ionrelation (n. 关系) invention (n. 发明)-itioncompetition (n. 竞争) -ssionconfession()-ationinvitation (n. 邀请) hesitation (n. 犹豫)-ism1. 的特质或特点heroism (n. 英雄品质)2. 学说；主义；原理；运动communism (n. 共产主义) socialism (n. 社会主义)-ist1. (表示以ize结尾的动词之)实行者；推动者dramatist(n. 剧作家) publicist(n. 国际法专家)2. (表示以 ism结尾的名词之)信徒；主义者industrialist(n. 工业家) fascist(n. 法西斯主义者)3. 与某种活动或事物有关的人tobacconist(n. 烟草商) motorist(n. 乘汽车者)-ity(用在形容词上以构成名词)炎症crudity(n. 生硬) oddity(n. 奇异，古怪)-ment(动词+=名词)行为的结果或方式development(n. 发展) government(n. 政府)-ness(形容词+=名词)性质；状态；性格dryness(n. 干燥) silliness(n. 愚蠢)-ology学biology(生物学) ecology(生态学) -ship1. (名词+=名词)的状态、身份friendship(n. 友谊) ownership(n. 所有权)2. 做为的技能或熟练musicianship(n. 音乐技巧) scholarship(n. 奖学金)-ure(用以构成名词)动作；过程；状况closure(n. 关闭) legislature(n. 立法机关)2）动词后缀后缀词缀意义举例-en1.用以构成某些动词的过去分词eaten, broken2.(名词+=形容词)用做成的golden(a. 金色的) wooden(a.)3. (形容词+=动词)使变成weaken(v. 削弱) sadden(v. 悲哀)-ify(名词或形容词+=动词)使成为beautify(v. 美化) terrify(v. 恐吓)-ize1.使成为；使变成computerize(v. 用计算机处理)2.以的特点行事criticize(v. 批评)-ise同上practise 3）形容词后缀后缀词缀意义举例-able1.(名词+=形容词)显示的性质fashionable(a. 流行的；时尚的)2.(动词+=形容词)可被的eatable(a. 可以吃的)-ible同上responsible(a. 有责任的)reducible(a.可减少的)-al动词 + = 名词recital (n. 朗诵) survival (n. 生存) -ant1. (动词+=形容词)2. (动词+=名词)significant(a. 有意义的) different(a. 不同的)-entassistant(n. 助手) deterrent(n. 威慑)-ful1. (名词或动词+=形容词)充满的eventful(a.多事的) peaceful(a.和平的)2.(名词+=名词)充满的量handful(n.一把) mouthful(n.一口)-ic(名词+=形容词)poetic(a.诗歌的) romantic(a.浪漫的)-icalmedical (n. 医学的)-ish1.国家名称+=形容词Irish(a.爱尔兰的) Spanish(n.西班牙的)2.(名词+=形容词)象一样的childish(a. 孩子气的) 3.(形容词+=形容词)有点的reddish(a. 微红的)-ive(动词+=形容词)有倾向的creative(a.创造性的) constructive(a.建设性的)-less(名词+=形容词)没有的treeless(a. 没有树木的) spiritless(a.无精打采的)-like(名词+=形容词)象的；般的childlike(a.孩子似的) -ly1.(名词+=形容词)具有.的性质、特点cowardly(a. 胆怯的) scholarly(a. 学者气质的)2.(名词+=形容词或副词)定期发生；每一次hourly(a.&ad.每小时一次的) yearly()3.(形容词+=副词)地happily(ad. 快乐地) stupidly(愚蠢地)-ous(名词+=形容词)具有性质的poisonous(a.有毒的) zealous(a.热心的)-ious同上conscious(谨慎的) cautious(小心的)-some(用以构成形容词)易于的，会引起的quarrelsome(a.好争论的) meddlesome (a.好干涉的)-ward(s)(用以构成形容词或副词)朝向backward(a.& ad.向后的) eastward() homeward（在归途上，向家的）-y(亦作-ey / -ie)1.(名词+=形容词)dusty(a.满是灰尘的) bushy(a.浓密的) clayey(a.粘土的)2.(名词+=名词)亲昵或亲密的称呼piggy(小猪) doggie(小狗) daddy(爸爸)词性转换100 题1.John looks _ (sad) because he lost his bike.2.The students got poor marks this time, so their teacher told them to be _ (care) next time.3.Do you know who _ (inventor) the electric light?4. Thank you very much for your _ (kind).5.The _ (young) of the two ladies is our English teacher.6.We hope that the New Year will bring us _ (health).7.The old woman looks much _ (happy) now.8.Chaplin was one of _ (famous) _ (act) in the world.9.Mary used to be a _ (wait) of this restaurant.10.Jacks _ (recite) was the best at yesterdays party.11.She always goes to school _ (hurry).12.Hi, girls, come here to _, there are two _ (sit) here.13.He was a great _ and he _ a lot of famous pictures. (paint)14.My parents usually go _ (shop) on Sundays.15.How many _ (play) are there in a football team?16.You are late. Please come _ (early) next time.17.They go to movies _ (two) a term.18._ (luck), Ive got a lovely present.19.Look, hes waiting at the gate _ (worry).20.We are _ (real) happy that your family have come.21.Mr. Smith was _ (true) sorry about that.22.I have got an _ (invite) to his family party.23.Could you catch the _ (mean) of this word?24.Ice is a kind of _ (freeze) water. It is very cold.25.The sun gives us _ (hot) and light.26.He is a very strange and _ (change) old man. So no one likes him.27.It rained _ (heavy) yesterday than the day before yesterday.28.He enjoys _ many things. Everyone knows he is a famous _ (learn).29.We feel _ for living _ (happy).30.He is _ (thank) to the lady.31.I feel _ (warm) now because there is a fire _ (burn) in the room.32.Jim came to China for _ (far) study of Chinese.33.He was so excited that he _ (hard) spoke a word.34.Anybody can see the_ (important) of good health.35.I am_ (worry) about my father because he is in hospital.36.The white sport shoes are_ (expensive) than the blue ones.37.Lets_ (clearly) the snow from the street.38.Most of the animals have four_(foot).39.I must finish this work_(one).40.I was much_ (surprise) at the news.41.Your pen is here, where is_ (me).42.October1, 1949 was the _ (begin) of a new age.43.I will work as a doctor two months_(late). 44.Who was the_ (drive) of the taxi?45.We will do our _ (good) to make our city more beautiful.46.Peters mother_ (invitation) his friends to give a party for him.47.The_ (dish) are very delicious.48.The man has saved two_ (life).49.Though he is over 70, he keeps_ (work).50.The book is_ (use) to me.51.You look_ (health) than before.52._ (lucky), she slipped and fell down from the upstairs.53.It gives me much_ (please) to be with you.54.At the supermarket, people can buy all kinds of _ (freeze) food.55.The news paper says this is_ (wonder) film of all this month.56.Because of the_ (snow) weather, a lot of traffic accidents have happened.57.Ill never forget my _ (twelve) birthday party with the American friends.58.This is one of_ (modern) factories in Shanghai.59.His daughter is interested in _ (collect) American coins.60.The_ (win) were welcomed at the station.61.Does the cotton ball fall as_ (slow) as the wooden ball?62.I dont know how to show my_ (thank) to him.63.The weather report says it will be_ (sun) tomorrow.64.There is no_ (live) thing on the moon.65.We must look after_ (we) and keep_ (health).66.He enjoys_ (listen) to the pop music.67.This shirt doesnt belong to_ (he).68.She saw a little girl_ (cry) in the street.69.Madame Curie was a famous_ (science).70.What about_ (go) fishing?71.Sometimes they go to the_ (child) Palace after school.72.He is always_ (friend) to his neighbours.73.When he heard the news, he got very _ (angrily).74.We set up this _ (automatically) system in 1996.75.The boy has read ten books this week. He still wants to read _ (many).76.Be_ (care) not to make the same mistake again.77.Hans Marko is from_ (German).78.She looked_ (happy) at her son.79.Winter is_ (cold) of the four seasons