人教版必修一Unit 1 Friendship grammar学案 (1).docx

unit 1 friendship学案grammardirect speech and indirect speech ().definition.1.,叫直接引语。直接引语一般前后要加。2.,叫间接引语。间接引语在多数情况下构成从句。.andy said “.”andy said that.“my parents are very well.”andy said.“im writing a letter to my pen-pal.”andy said.“i want to go away for a holiday.”andy said.“john has given up his job.” andy said.“i saw mary in the street.” andy said.“i have finished homework before supper.”andy said.“i cant come to the party on friday.”andy said.“i will phone you when i get back.”andy said.conclusion.时态direct speechindirect speechdois doingdidhas donehad donewill docan dodirect speechindirect speech指示代词this,these时间状语now,todaythis weekyesterdaylast weekfour days agothe day before yesterdaytomorrownext month地点状语here方向性动词come,bring,borrownote 1:if the reporting verb is in the present or future tense,the tense of the verb in indirect speech is not changed at all.eg.jane says, “ive read tonis book and i dont understand it.” jane says that.changing an interrogative sentence.ted told cindy that and.he thought that.he was afraid that.he was sure that he needed an x-ray.heto cindy for her help.cindy asked ted and wondered (or not).later,cindy told ted and offered him help.at that moment,cindy thought that the doctor had better see him.she said .instructions:from this exercise,we know if an interrogative sentence is changed from direct speech into indirect speech,(1)the reporting verb should be changed into ask,inquire,demand or wonder;(2)the indirect question is introduced by the conjunction whether or if,or interrogative pronouns.quiz.1)he said to me, “have you seen my new hat?”he.2)“when will my dress be finished?” she asked.she.3)she asked a policeman,“how far is it to the nearest post office?”she.4)he said,“whats wrong with tom? he looks sad.”he said.note 2:if the direct speech states some universal truth,habitual course,historical fact,or things which have not been done at the time of speaking,the verb in indirect speech is always in the present although the reporting verb may be in the past.5)he said,“light travels much faster than sound.”he said.6)the teacher told us, “a friend in need is a friend indeed”the teacher told us.7)the girl said, “i get up at six every morning.”the girl said.8)he said to the doctor, “i smoke two packs every day.”he.note 3:if there are some adverbials of time in the past in direct speech,it is not necessary to make any change in indirect speech.9)he said, “when i was a child,i usually played football after school.”he said.10)he said to me,“i was born in 1973.”he.11)jack said,“john,where were you going when i met you in the street?” jack.note 4:if there is some model verbs in direct speech,such as,must,had better,it is not necessary to make any change in indirect speech.12)the teacher said to me, “you must pay more attention to it.”the teacher.13)the doctor said,“youd better drink plenty of water.” the doctor said. 巩固运用.change the following sentences into indirect speech.1.“i am having supper,” he said.he said that having supper.2.“ive seen the film,” gina said to me.gina me that the film.3.“i went home with my sister,” she said.she said that home with her sister.4.the teacher said,“the sun is bigger than the moon.”the teacher said that the sun bigger than the moon.5.“i met her yesterday,” he said to me.he told me that he her .6.“you must come here before five,” he said.he said that i to go before five.7.“were you born in 1979?” he said.he me i born in 1979.8.he said,“you can sit here,jim.”he jim that he .9.he asked,“how did you find it,mother?”he asked his mother it.10.“where have you been these days?” he asked.he asked me been days.change the following sentences into direct speech.1.john said that he had written back telling him about it the day before.2.i said that i would give her some advice the next day.3.he told mary that she was wasting her time day-dreaming.4.he told her that she had already done her duty.5.they said that they had arrived that morning.translate the following sentences into english by using indirect speech.1.汤姆说他2009年就加入了俱乐部。2.凯特问我晚上能否陪她看电影。3.刚才老师说熟能生巧。4.她说等车的时候就把那本书读完了。5.警察询问那个人前一天晚上他在公园干了什么。.multiple choice.1.john asked me to visit his uncles farm with him.a.whether would i likeb.if would i likec.whether i would liked.when would i like2.henry broke the window.ill ask him why .a.did he do thatb.he did thatc.he didd.he had done so3.what did the teacher say? i didnt quite follow her.she asked us whether we to america the next fall.a.wentb.had beenc.will god.would go4.the young man said that his car stolen and he telephone the police.a.is;wouldb.had been;would have toc.had been;will have got tod.has;will have to5.the reporter asked the bus driver.a.how did the accident happenb.how the accident happenedc.how was the accident happenedd.how the accident was happened6. get first aid for the injured?a.where do you think can ib.do you think where can ic.do you think where i cand.where do you think i can7.now guess for the violin hanging over there.a.did i how much payb.i paid how muchc.how much did i payd.how much i paid8.do you need some more paper?no,thanks.i .a.still have left someb.have still left somec.have some still leftd.still have some left9.you cant imagine when they received these nice christmas presents.a.how they were excitedb.how excited they werec.how excited were theyd.they were how excited10.“never for a second,” the boy says,“ that my father would come to my rescue.” a.i doubtedb.do i doubtc.i have doubtedd.did i doubt11.“life is like walking in the snow,” granny used to say,“because every step .”a.has shownb.is showingc.showsd.showed12.“the moment soon,” he thought to himself,waiting nervously.a.cameb.has comec.was comingd.is coming参考答案.1.直接引述别人的原话;引号2.用自己的话转述别人的话;宾语.andy said that.andy said (that)his parents were very well.andy said he was writing a letter to his pen-pal.andy said he wanted to go away for a holiday.andy said john had given up his job.andy said he saw / had seen mary in the street.andy said he had finished homework before supper.andy said he couldnt go to the party on friday.andy said he would phone me when he got back.时态direct speechindirect speech(he said that.)dodidis doingwas doingdiddid/had donehas donehad donehad donehad donewill dowould docan docould dodirect speechindirect speech指示代词this,thesethat,those时间状语now,todaythis weekyesterdaylast weekfour days agothe day before yesterdaytomorrownext monththen,that daythat weekthe day beforethe week beforefour days beforetwo days beforethe next daythe next month地点状语herethere方向性动词come,bring,borrowgo,take,lendnote 1:jane says that she has read tonis book and she doesnt understand it.ted told cindy that he had slipped and fallen downstairs and he had hurt himself.he thought that he had hurt his back.he was afraid that he couldnt get up.he was sure that he needed an x-ray.he showed great thanks to cindy for her help.cindy asked ted what was the matter and wondered whether ted had hurt himself (or not).later,cindy told ted to stand up and offered him help.at that moment,cindy thought that the doctor had better see him.she said she would phone dr.smith.1)he asked me if i had seen his new hat.2)she asked when her dress would be finished.3)she asked a policeman how far it was to the nearest post office.4)he said tom looked sad and wondered what was wrong with him.5)he said that light travels much faster than sound.6)the teacher told us that a friend in need is a friend indeed.7)the girl said that she gets up at six every morning.8)he told the doctor that he smokes two packs every day.9)he said that when he was a child,he usually played football after school.10)he told me that he was born in 1973.11)jack asked john where he was going when he met him in the street.12)the teacher told me that i must