Book 5_U1_重点词汇讲解.doc

Book 5_U1_资源库_词汇牛津高中资源库之词汇设计单元：Unit 1 Getting Along With Others板块：词汇1. What do you think the proverbs tell us about friendship and getting along with others?你认为这些谚语告诉了我们关于友谊和与别人相处的什么？get along with 相处， 进展，设法度过，过活How are you getting along with your roommate?你和你的室友相处如何?How are you getting along with your English study ?你的英语学得怎么样?Well get along without that much money somehow.即使没有那么多钱，我们也能设法过日子。2. If you can buy a persons friendship, its not worth having. 如果友谊能用金钱来买到的话，它就不值得拥有。worth / worthy be worth + money ( the price) 值钱be (well / better) worth doing sth. (很)值得做某事(worth前的修饰副词只能用well，不可以用very, much等)be worthy of sth. / of being done / to be done The trip was expensive but it was worth every penny.这次旅行花费很大，但是花的每一分前都不冤枉。The book is worth reading. = it is worth reading this book.这本书值得一读。The article is worthy of careful study / of being studied carefully / to be studied carefully. 3. Sometimes, other children say we are no fun because we are both very academic and like to study, but we like it that way. 有时侯，别的同学说我们俩一点儿意思也没有，因为我们俩都擅长读书，又爱学习，可我们俩觉得这样很好。fun u.n. 乐趣；有趣的人/ 物 funny adj.滑稽的有趣的Its great fun talking with you. 和你交谈很愉快。What fun it is to meet so many new friends!与到这么多新朋友是多么愉快的事啊！He is good fun; we all enjoy being with him.他是个有趣的人，我们都喜欢跟他在一起。4. Afterwards, I went out to the playground, I was determined to be careful, but Hannah sensed something was wrong. 后来，我去了操场.我决心要让自己开心一点，但汉娜感觉到哪儿有些不对劲.be determined to do sth. 下决心做某事.determined adj. 己下决心的 (不能用于名词之前)；坚定的；果断的；决然的determine v. 决心；决意；使下定决心determine to do sth. 决心做某事determine sb. to do sth. 使某人下定决心做某事determine + that clause 决心She is determined to work in Tibet.她下定决心去西藏工作。Weather determined the crops.气候决定收成。5. We went to wash our hands in the girls toilet before lunch and I admitted how badly I had done. 午饭前我们到女厕所洗手时，我承认我做得非常糟糕。admit Vt. Vi. 承认（事实，过失）；准许进入（场所）；准许的入场 / 入学 /入会；可容纳admit ( doing ) sth. 承认做了某事admit + that clause 承认做了admit to sth. 承认某事admit sb. to / into 准许某人进入，准许某人入会/场He admitted his guilt. = He admitted that he was guilty.Will you admit having broken the window?= Will you admit that you have broken the window?你承不承认你打破了窗户?This hall can admit 1,000 people.这个礼堂可容纳1000人。6. a friendship in trouble 陷入困境的友谊trouble v. n. 麻烦，苦恼，忧虑in trouble =get into trouble 处于困境中/ 困难中trouble sb. with sth. 麻烦某人某事trouble sb. to do sth. 麻烦某人做某事trouble to do sth. 麻烦做某事He is in trouble , so he is in great need of your hand.他陷入麻烦之中，所以他急需你的帮助。Those students always trouble their teachers with some difficult problems.那些学生总是问一些让他们老师头疼的难题。Could I trouble you to pass the book to me?我可以麻烦你把那本书递给我吗？Dont trouble to carry the heavy box for me.别劳驾来帮助我搬这个很重的箱子。ask for trouble 自找麻烦make trouble for 制造麻烦，捣乱take the trouble to do sth. 费神地/ 不辞辛劳地做trouble sb. with / about sth. 使某人因某事烦恼7. He seemed absent-minded and as a result of careless playing, we lost the game.由于他的心不在焉和他的疏忽，我们输掉了那场比赛。as a result of 由于 /因为结果He failed in Math test as a result of his carelessness.由于他的粗心,数学考试没有及格。His laziness resulted in his failure in career.他的懒惰导致他事业的失败。Rose jumped with joy at the result of examination.听到考试的结果罗丝高兴地跳起来了。8. He said it wasnt his fault if he couldnt play as well as me and that I shouldnt yell at him. 他说如果他不能踢得像我一样好,那不是他的错,我不应该对他大叫大喊.yell vi. vt. 大声叫喊；叫喊；号叫；欢呼Dont yell at me. 不要对我叫喊。A drowning girl in the river yelled for help.一个落水的女孩大声喊救命。She yelled at him about his constant drunkenness.她大声叫嚷着说他总是烂醉如泥。9. I feel really guilty because I said some really cruel things too, but I cant stand seeing our team lose. 我现在感到很内疚，因为我说了一些非常冷酷的话,可是我无法忍受我们的队输球。stand n. 停立；立场；看台；摊位A chair will not stand on two legs.一把椅子不能靠两条腿站立。The old temple stands at the top of the hill.古庙位于山顶。The agreement stands good.协议依然有效。stand v. 经受，忍受( 常用于否定句或疑问句,不可用进行时,后接名词、代词或动名词)I cant stand that hot weather here. 我无法忍受这么热的天气。This blouse doesnt stand washing.这件短衫不耐洗。10. mean v. adj. n. v. 意思为 “ 意思是”，“意味着”（接名词、代词、动名词或从句为宾语）； “意图”， “打算”（接名词、代词、动词不定式）Success means working hard.成功意味着努力的工作。I had meant to call on you, but I forgot your telephone number and address.我本打算来看你的但我忘了你的电话和地址。mean adj. 意思为 “吝啬的、小气的”（接with sth.）; “卑鄙的、不仁慈的（接to sb. ）; “简陋的、破旧的” ; (在位置、顺序、时间等方面)中间的、平均的”。mean 用作名词时，是一个可数名词，意思“中间、平均数和值”等。单复数形式相同，意思是 “方式、方法、手段和工具”。Dont be mean to me. 不要对我这么狠。It is mean of him to say those mean words to me.他真卑鄙对我说出那些卑鄙的话。It is mean of you to tease her.你戏弄她真是卑鄙。11. bitter adj. 苦味的；难以接受的 bitterly adv. 苦地She was bitter about that matter.He has a bitter memory.It is bitterly cold today.12. However, if you feel that she is very bad at keeping secrets and likes to embarrass you in public, you had better find a new friend. 但是，如果你感觉她不能很好地保守秘密，并且喜欢使你当众难堪的话，你最好找一个新朋友。embarrass v. 使为难；使不好意思；使局促不安embarrass sb. with sth. 以某事使某人不好意思Embarrass sb. by doing sth. 做某事使某人难堪embarrassing adj. embarrassment n. Dont embarrass him in public with those boob questions.不要用那些愚笨的问题使他当众难堪。It is wrong of you to embarrass her before so many people. 你当着这么多人的面使她难看是不对的。I have no shame for my action: I did what was right.我不会为我的行为感到羞愧。我做的是正确的。13. Adjectives are used to describe people or things.形容词是用来描述人或物。describe v. 描述某人；叙述某事物； 移动Words can not describe the beauty of the scene.那景色之美难以表达。Bullet describes a curved path in the air.子弹在空中作曲线运动。description 是名词“叙述；描述；形容”beyond description 难以形容descriptive adj. 描述的； 形容的a very descriptive account of a journey对旅程十分生动的描述descriptively adv. 14. We stay up at night and talk about many things.我们一夜没有睡，并且谈了很多事情。stay up 熬夜，通宵不睡sit up 熬夜，迟睡；坐起来；坐正He stayed up all night preparing for the report.他通宵没有睡在准备那份报告。Three nurses sat up all night with the dying patient.三个护士一夜没睡守在那个临终的病人。15. He is very humorous even though he has a serious personality. 即使他的个性很严肃，他还是很幽默的。humorous adj. 幽默的；滑稽的humour n. 幽默；滑稽He saw the humorous side of a situation.他看到事情中滑稽的一面。a story full of humour 非常幽默的故事。He has a good sense of humour.他很有幽默感。out of humour 心情不好a humourless person 缺乏幽默感的人good-humoured adj. 好情绪的 ill-humoured adj. 情绪坏的16. Im so glad I persuaded you to talk to Rachel.我很高兴说服你跟雷切尔交谈。persuade vt. （成功地） 劝说，说服 persuasion n. 劝说， 说服，信服相关的短语和结构有：persuade sb. 说服某人persuade sb. of sth. 使某人相信某物persuade sb. (not) to do sth. 劝说某人（不）做某事persuade sb. into doing sth. 劝说某人做某事persuade sb. out of doing sth. 劝说某人不做某事He is easily persuaded.他这人好说话。How can I persuade you that I am sincere?怎样才能使你相信我是诚实的呢？Gentle persuasion is more effective than force.温和的说服胜于压服。17. Mum discourages me from chatting online.母亲阻止我上网聊天discourage vt. 阻止；使泄气discouragement n. 挫折；泄气discouraged adj. 泄气的discouraging adj. 令人泄气的encourage v. 鼓励courage n. 勇气discourage sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事18. Our line can get very busy but please keep trying and you will eventually get through. 我们的线路可能很忙，但请继续拨打，最终你会接通的。Get through （电话）接通；通过（考试）； 做完（工作）The line was busy and I couldnt get through to you.线路很忙，我接不同你的电话。19. When asked they usually hesitate before responding, My best friend?当男孩被问及时,他们通常在回答前犹豫地自问, 我最好的朋友?hesitate v. 犹豫, 踌躇hesitation n. 踌躇；犹豫without hesitation 毫不犹豫地hesitate to do sth. 犹豫做某事hesitate about / at / over sth. / doing sth. 关于某事犹豫不决; 做某事犹豫不决20. respond v. 反应；回答response n. 反应；回答respondent n. 反映者respond to sb. / sth. 对某人或某事作出反应21. When he comes back three and a half hours later, they are still sitting on the sofa, absorbed in conversation.当他三个半小时回来时，他们还坐在沙发上专注地聊absorb v. 吸进；吸收The large firm absorbed those small ones.大公司吞并了一些小公司。Plants absorb oxygen.植物吸收氧气。22. These results have been consistent worldwide.这些结果已经是广泛的一致性。consistent adj. 一致性的；相符的consistence n. 一致性；相符You are not very consistent; first you scold me, then you praise me.你前后矛盾,开头你责备我,后来又表扬我。23 Regardless of what these friendships are based upon, shared feelings or activities, the important thing to remember is that both of them are friendships. 不管男孩和女孩的友谊是建立在什么基础上,共同拥有的感情也好,共同参与的活动也好,要记住,重要的一点是:这两者都是友谊.regardless of 不顾一切；无论如何I protested strongly, but she carried on regardless.我极力反对,但她置之不理仍一意孤行。be based on / upon 建立基础上base sth. On / upon 把基础放在； 以为基础basis n. 基础on the basis of 在基础上 on air base 在空军基地This novel is based upon historical facts.这部小说是以历史事实为根据的。Where is your son based now?你儿子现在被安排在哪里?baseball 棒球运动base rate 基本利率base sb. in / at 把某人安置在词汇练习：一. 词汇拼写1. A good friend must be honest, kind and have a sense of h_.2. Check that all p_ marks are used correctly and that none are missing.3. Maybe I should tell them , so they wont b_ me for keeping a secret.4. The idea that the number thirteen brings bad luck is a_.5. Mary makes too much money a week and has enough for a_.6. The plans that we have made should be put into p_.7. When we are young ,we should go to the c_ to see the clowns and the performing animals.8. My English teacher should ask us to answer an a_ problem that we would race to work out in our heads.9. All her worries and a_ made her look pale.10. Some of the young have the wrong a_ towards the disabled people.11. You should do it without h_. 12. I protested but she carried on r_.13. What you say now is not c_ with what you said last week.14. Most of the students in our class are a_ in listening to the teacher in class.15. She r_ to my letter with a phone call.16. Generally speaking, a successful scientist should be both academic and _(思维开放的).17. I am looking for friends who are _ (诚实的) and _ (乐意助人的).18. His speech is really long and _(枯燥的).19. We had a long conversation because my friend is a very _(爱说话的) person.20. I noticed that the old man was sometimes very _(固执的) at the beginning, but later on I found him very _(热心肠的).二. 完成句子1. Mark was strict in the _ (revolution) work.2. The experiment is _ ( complete) successful.3. I cant tell one from the other because they are only _ (slight) different.4. Computers are _ ( wide) used in daily life.5. Mr. Smith said that his trip to China was _ ( pleased)6. Some plants have _ (poison) fruit.7. He could _ ( natural) do the work well.8. “We all take _ (proud) in your success,” she said _ ( proud).9. I was _ ( deep) moved by his good deeds.10. These oranges taste _ (well).11. We wer