辅导君学生常问的英语知识点.docx

辅导君学生常问的英语知识点宾语从句中从句的时态如何确定一般有以下几个原则：1）当主句的谓语动词为过去时态时，从句的谓语动词须用相应的某种过去时态例如:He asked them when they would go to the party.他问他们什么时候将去参加聚会They said they were watching TV yesterday evening.他们说昨晚他们在看电视He told us that he got up at six in the morning every day.他告诉我们他每天早上6点起床2）当主句谓语动词的时态为一般现在时现在进行时现在完成时等时态时，后面跟的宾语从句中的谓语动词的时态不受主句时态的限制，可根据具体情况，选用各种合适的时态例如:Do you know when well have a football match?你知道我们将在什么时候举行足球比赛吗?He is thinking about what he said at meeting.他正在想他刚才在会上讲的话I know he has gone to Shanghai.我知道他已经去上海了3）当宾语从句表述的是客观事实科学真理格言或现在习惯行为时，其谓语动词的时态不受主句谓语动词时态的限制，要用一般现在时例如:The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.老师告诉我们光传播的速度要比声音快Yesterday he said he is fifty years old.昨天他说他五十岁了4）当宾语从句里含有无过去时形式的情态动词时，尽管主句的谓语动词用的是一般过去时，但此情态动词不变化例如:The policeman said that they mustnt smoke there.警察说不允许他们在那里吸烟其实最重要的，就是分清从句中的动作是发生在现在的过去（一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时等）、过去的过去（过去完成时）、还是不受时间限制的（一般现在时、现在进行时）。with和by的用法区别表示使用有形的工具时，通常用with来表示。例如：用钢笔写write with a pen表示采用某种方式或手段时，用by表示。例如：用手工制造make by hand用信通知他let him know by letter注意：作“用”讲时，by和with的区别在于：with表示行为动作的工具，后面的名词一般要有冠词；by表示动作的手段，后面的名词一律不带冠词。怎样区分英语句子结构句子的组成部分,包括主语、谓语、宾语、定语、补语、状语、表语七种主语是句子叙述的主体，可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词和主语从句等来承担。谓语说明主语所发出的动作或具有的特征和状态。谓语由动词来承担。宾语是动作的对象或承受者，常位于及物动词或介词后面。宾语可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词、宾语从句等来担任。先找出主谓宾呀就是什么人做什么事在去看定语修饰名词的形容词状语包括时间地点方式等等吧表语系动词（be动词等）后面的成分。注意一下从句所在位置。多找例句分析一下。状语从句的所有知识点1. 时间状语从句1）连接词：when, as, while, before, after,since, till(until), as soon as, hardlywhen, no soonerthan, the moment等2）主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时例句：I will goon with the work when I come back tomorrow.3)连词when，while，as都表示“当时候”，略有区别As：强调“随着”As spring warms the good earth, all flowers begin to bloom.“一前一后”As Iwas going out, it began to rain“同一时间”As hewas eating his breakfast, he heard the door bell ring.When：强调“特定时间”When spring came, he felt like a trip.注意：when有时有“正在这时突然”的意思While：表示时间段而非时间点。有时候有对比的含义，意为“而”。I was reading, while he was playing.4)till(until)注意notuntil句型，意为“直到才”例句：He did not got up until his mother came in.5)as soon as, the moment表示“一就”例句：As soon as I finish the work, Ill go to see you.no soonerthan, hardlywhen表示“刚就”例句：Hardly have I get home when the telephone rings.我一到家电话铃就响了。例句：No sooner had I reached home than it began to rain.（以上两句型，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时）6)before常与一段时间连用，意为“才，就”例句：It will be a long time before we meet them again.7）副词作连词用引导时间状语从句有些副词如instantly, immediately，instantly，directly, presently等也可起从属连词的作用，引导时间状语从句，表示一就的意思。例句：I recognized her instantly I saw her.我一看见她就把她认出来了。2. 原因状语从句引导词：because, since, as, for1）Because：表示直接的原因，语气最强Since：对方已知的、无须加以说明的既成事实的理由，语气比because弱，常译为既然Since you are ill, Ill go alone.For:表示因为，前面需要加逗号。2）seeing that, considering that和in that引导原因状语从句这几个连词同since, as近义，都有“鉴于某个事实，原因”是之意。例句：Considering that hes only been learning English a year, he speaks it very well.Seeing that he was ill, they sent for the doctor.In that she is ill, she feels unable to do it.3.地点状语从句用where，wherever等连词引导。例句：We shall go where working conditions are difficulty.(注意与where引导的定语从句区分)4.条件状语从句用if, unless(ifnot), as(so) long as等词引导。如果主句将来时，从句要用一般现在时。例句：I shall not go t the cinema unless I finish my homework.5.让步状语从句引导词：although, as, even if, however, whatever, no matter who(how)as例句：Child as he is, he knows quite a lot of the history of ChinaClever as he is, he doesnt study well.在as引导的让步状语从句中，作表语的形容词或名词放在句首。如果句中谓语包含情态动词或助动词，则将实意动词放在as之前例句：Praised a she was, he remained modest.6.结果状语从句引导词：so, sothat, so that, suchthat例句：It is such a heavy box that nobody can move it.7.目的状语从句引导词：so that, in order that例句：He work shard in order that he can serve his country well.lest, for fear that和in case引导目的状语从句这三个连词词组的意思是“以防，以免”。lest的从句一般要用虚拟语气，形式是“should+动词原形”或省掉should。for fear that和in case从句一般用虚拟语气，但有时也可以用陈述语气。I obeyed her lest she should be angry.Take a hat with you in case the sun is very hot.