2013年12月英语四级改革 翻译.doc

注意总结以下句子翻译的模板中国有句古话是这样说的：“山不在高，有仙(immortal)则名；水不在深，有龙则灵(holy)。”中国有句古话：“将欲取之必先予之”。As an old/ancient Chinese saying goes，“Giving comes before receiving”.农历5月5日的端午节，人们过端午节是为了纪念抱石投江自尽的古代诗人和忠臣屈原。农历六月初八：on the 8th day of the 6th lunar month纪念：be in memory of/be in honor of; to commemorate把淹死，溺死：drown vt.Last night a boy was drowned in the river. 昨晚一名男孩在河里溺亡。现代中国已享有“烹饪王国”之美誉，精致的烹调艺术(exquisite Chinese culinary art)盛行全球，中餐烹饪已名列世界顶尖菜系。享有之美誉：盛行：prevail名列世界顶尖：has ranked among the first-class 烹饪, 菜系：cuisine亲朋好友相聚，美酒佳肴相敬，实属人生之最大快乐也。(中文多个主句，如何选择正确的主语？弄清“亲朋好友相聚”与“美酒佳肴相敬”二者之间的关系。)美酒佳肴：fine food and good drink亲朋好友：good friends1999年雄伟壮观的上海博物馆新馆全面对外开放，共计有11个专馆（galleries）和3个展览馆（exhibition hall），开放面积达1万余平方米。博物馆：museum专馆：gallery雄伟壮观：magnificent平方米：square meters注意这句话的后半部分，“共计，开放面积达”建议使用介词。上海博物馆新馆建筑总面积38000平方米，由地下两层、地上5层构成，建筑高度29.5米。建筑总面积：construction space高度：height同样，这句话后半部分建议用介词with带出。我谨代表我在座的所有同事，对中国人民独有的、著称于世的款待表示感谢。谨代表：on behalf of款待：hospitality中国有句古话是这样说的：“山不在高，有仙则名；水不在深，有龙则灵。”(牢记)An ancient Chinese saying goes that/has it that “Any mountain can be famous with the presence of an immortal, and any river can be holy with the presence of a dragon.”As an ancient Chinese saying goes, “Any mountain can be famous as long as there is an immortal, and any river can be holy as long as there is a dragon.”注意成语一般不必逐字翻译，英语习惯先讲结果，所以表达时可以转换顺序。注意，汉翻英，要将中文中没有明确讲出的逻辑关系，用英文相应的逻辑词表达出来。注意with引导的枝形结构。农历5月5日的端午节，人们过端午节是为了纪念被昏君贬官放逐而抱石投江自尽的古代诗人和忠臣屈原。The Dragon Boat Festival on the 5th day of the 5th lunar month is in memory of/in honor of Qu Yuan, an acient poet and loyal minister who drowned himself.现代中国已享有“烹饪王国”之美誉，精致的烹调艺术盛行全球，中餐烹饪已名列世界顶尖菜系。Modern China enjoys the reputation as/is crowned as/is lauded as the “kingdom of cuisine”. The exquisite Chinese culinary art has prevailed all over the world and Chinese cuisine has ranked among first-class cuisine in the world.亲朋好友相聚，美酒佳肴相敬，实属人生之最大快乐也。(中文多个主句，如何选择正确的主语？弄清“亲朋好友相聚”与“美酒佳肴相敬”二者之间的关系。)Fine food and good drink, taken in the company of/shared by good friends, constitue one of our supreme pleasures in life.It is one of our supreme pleasures in life to share fine food and good drink with our good friends.1999年雄伟壮观的上海博物馆新馆全面对外开放，共计有11个专馆和3个展览馆，开放面积达1万余平方米。The magnificent new Shanghai Museum was open in its entirety to public visitors in 1996, with eleven galleries and three exhibition halls in a space of over 10,000 squre meters.这是一个非常典型的枝形结构句，通过灵活使用介词with, in，将三个短句浑然天成地糅合成一个长句。这是最实用的结构词。上海博物馆新馆建筑总面积38000平方米，由地下两层、地上5层构成，建筑高度29.5米。The new site of Shanghai Museum has a construction space of 38,000 square meters with two floors underground and five floors above the ground with a height of 29.5 meters.同样注意介词的灵活使用。此外，在介绍某个建筑时，这句和上面一句都是常用句型。我谨代表我在座的所有同事，对中国人民独有的、著称于世的款待表示感谢。On behalf of all my colleagues present here, I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly famous throughout the world.这是会议致辞的常用句型，谨代表向表示此外，“中国人民独有的”、“著称于世的款待”两者之间什么关系，如何翻译能够紧凑需要注意。要求，抄写下来，一句一句的翻。每句先写汉语，接着就写英文翻译。Homework皮影戏(Pu Yin Xi, or shadow show)是中国民间最具特色的艺术形式之一。以前在中国的乡间，没有皮影戏剧团(troupe)就意味着没有娱乐，特别是在“文革”之后，各地不同流派的皮影戏成为农村婚丧嫁娶、庙会社戏上最重要、同时也是最受欢迎的演出形式。中国皮影戏是中国民间工艺美术与戏曲巧妙结合而成的独特艺术品种，是中华民族艺术殿堂里不可或缺一颗精巧明珠。皮影戏还对国内外文化艺术的发展起过一定的作用。国际电影史理论界公认，皮影戏艺术是后来发明电影的先导。文革：Culture Revolution婚丧嫁娶、庙会社戏: wedding, funerals, temple fairs and village theatrical event中国民间工艺美术: Chinese folk fine arts戏曲：opera精巧明珠：exquisite pearl不可或缺的: indispensable公认：It is acknowledged that先导：forerunner; plays a pioneering role in皮影戏(Pu Yin Xi, or shadow show)是中国民间最具特色的艺术形式之一。Pu Yin Xi, or shadow show, is one of the most distinctive Chinese folk arts.以前在中国的乡间，没有皮影戏剧团(troupe)就意味着没有娱乐，特别是在“文革”之后，各地不同流派的皮影戏成为农村婚丧嫁娶、庙会社戏上最重要、同时也是最受欢迎的演出形式。这句话翻译时，一定首先要确定好句子的主干结构。In Chinas rural areas in the past, if there wasnt a shadow show troupe, it meant there was no entertainment there. Particularly, after the “Culture Revolution”, all sorts of shadow shows became the most important and popular performances at wedding, funerals, temple fairs and village theatrical event.(In Chinas rural areas in the past, lack of shadow show troupe meant lack of entertainment there. Particularly, after the “Culture Revolution”, all sorts of shadow shows became the most important and popular performances for village people to get married, mourn over departed souls or perform in temple fairs.)中国皮影戏是中国民间工艺美术与戏曲巧妙结合而成的独特艺术品种，是中华民族艺术殿堂里不可或缺一颗精巧明珠。注意这句话中文看似两个并列句，翻成英文，一句话往往用来修饰另一句。（因果）Fully combining/marrying Chinese folk fine arts with opera, the Chinese shadow show is an indispensable and exquisite pearl in the Chinese folk art palace.皮影戏还对国内外文化艺术的发展起过一定的作用。Shadow shows have played a role in the development of cultures and arts both at home and abroad/domestic and overseas cultures and arts.国际电影史理论界公认，皮影戏艺术是后来发明电影的先导。这句话的句型熟记于心。It is acknowledged in the theory of international film history that shadow show art is the forerunner of the film art.plays a pioneering role in the film art.一、文化四大发明：the four great inventions of ancient China同宗同源：of the same origin华夏祖先：the Chinese ancestors武林高手：top martial artist(仗剑)走天涯：walk the earth (with a sword)八股文：stereotyped writing重要文化遗产：major cultural heritage优秀民间艺术：outstanding folk arts文物：cultral relics高雅艺术：refined art文人：men of letters雅士：refined scholar文化底蕴：cultural deposits文化产业：cultural industry文化事业：cultural undertaking文化冲突：cultural shock民间文化：folk culture民间艺术：folk art乡村艺术：rural art说书：story-telling中国画：Chinese painting古为今用，洋为中用：make the past serve the present and the foreign serve China阴历：lunar calendar端午节 Dragon Boat Festival清明节 Tomb-sweeping Festival元宵节 Lantern Festival植树节 Tree-planting Day中秋节 Mid-autumn Festival重阳节 Double Ninth Festival春节 spring festival除夕 New Years Eve春联 spring couplets拜年 paying a New Year call年夜饭 family reunion dinner (on Lunar New Years Eve)爆竹, 鞭炮 firecracker辞旧迎新 bid farewell to the old and usher in the new灯谜 lantern riddle观灯 viewing the lanterns庙会 temple fair年终大扫除 year-end household cleaning守岁 stay up late on the New Years Eve团圆饭 family reunion dinner压岁钱 New Year gift-money; money given to children as a New Year gift饺子 dumplings (with meat and vegetable stuffing)舞龙dragon dance祭祖 offer sacrifices to the ancestors踏青 go for an outing in spring亡灵 departed soul月饼 moon cake赏月 appreciate the glorious full moon团圆 reunion登高 climb mountain中药 TCM (traditional Chinese medicine)秦始皇 Emperor Chin, First Emperor汉高祖刘邦 founder of the Han Dynasty才子佳人 gifted scholars and beautiful ladies文明摇篮 cradle of civilization中外学者 Chinses and overseas scholars水乡景色 riverside scenery（旅游景）点：spot, site, resort, destination名胜景点： scenic spot历史古迹： historic site名胜古迹：scenic spots and historic sites避暑胜地： summer resort游客必经之地：tourist destination山水风光：landscape塔 pagoda, tower殿堂 hall陵墓 tomb, mausoleum石窟 grotto络绎不绝 an endless stream美不胜收 too many beautiful things to be appreciated at once闻名遐迩 known far and wide墨客骚人 famous men of letters奇峰异石 picturesque peaks and rocks奇花异草 exotic flowers and