高三 一轮复习 语法 形容词副词讲解.docx

形容词副词讲解考场揭密：近三年常考的形容词ashamed惭愧的accurate精确的(un)acceptable(不)可接受的accessible容易得到的；可进入的amusing好玩的，逗的amazing令人惊异的attractive有吸引力的annoying讨厌的，烦人的anxious担心的；急切的brilliant聪明的brief简略的casual随意的，漫不经心的complicated复杂的curious好奇的delighted高兴的，愉快的discouraged使丧气的determined坚决的，坚定的energetic精力充沛的extraordinary非同寻常的generous慷慨的instructive指导性的，指示性的independent独立的infrequent不经常的instant立即的impatient不耐心的modest谦虚的negative否定的，负面的potential潜在的promising有前途的restrictive限制的ridiculous荒谬的respectable值得尊敬的scientific科学的stressful有压力的technological技术的troublesome麻烦的，捣蛋的urgent紧急的unconcerned不关心的worthless没用的violent暴力的；猛烈的考场揭密：形容词、副词的常用结构比较结构中放入一个名词时的语序问题常常让人感到棘手，但只要记住了以下句型，问题便能迎刃而解：(1)as/soadj.a/an单数名词asHe is as honest a man as you.(2)a/an比较级adj.单数名词thanThis is a more interesting story than that one.(3)as many复数名词as；as much不可数名词asI can carry as much paper as you can.(4)as much(a/an)名词asIt is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science.人们普遍认为教学既是一种艺术也是一门科学。口诀：多个形容词修饰名词时的顺序限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老。颜色国籍出材料，作用类别往后靠。介词的用法介词with的用法主要有1表示“和在一起”，“由陪同”或“有在场”The students went to the farm with their teachers.学生们与他们的老师一起去了农场。2表示“随着”With time passing，they have grown into big boys and big girls.随着时间的流逝，他们已经长成大小伙子和大姑娘了。3with后面加复合宾语，说明附带情况He likes to sleep with the windows open.他喜欢开着窗户睡觉。4表示“具有；带有；包括在内”China is a country with a long history.中国是个历史悠久的国家。5表示原因或理由The little girl was trembling with fear.这个小女孩吓得发抖。1 动词介词account for说明agree on对达成协议begin with以开始come across碰见go into调查keep from阻止look for寻找stand for代表agree with 同意(某人意见)answer for对负责wait for等待decide on对作出决定head for向前进live on靠生活look into调查stick to坚持agree to同意(某种安排等)aim at针对call for要求get into进入hear from接到的信、电话look after照顾run into碰到wait on招待2动词副词介词add up to合计达come up with提出get on with与相处融洽look down upon看不起look up to敬仰(某人)put up with忍受come up against遭到反对do away with废除keep up with跟上look forward to盼望make up for弥补stand out for坚决要求come up to达到get down to开始认真考虑live up to不辜负(期望)look out for当心run out of用完stick out for坚持要求3动词名词介词catch sight of突然看见make room for为腾出地方take pride in以为荣make friends with和交朋友pay attention to注意show interest in对感兴趣make fun of取笑take care of照顾take part in参加揭密常考的介词成语(1)含有at的成语at a time一次at least至少at the same time同时at all costs不惜一切代价at most至多at times有时候at first最初at once立即at will任意地at last最后at present目前at work起作用(2)含有by的成语by accident偶然by day/night白天/夜间by heart能背诵by turns轮流by birth出身by no means绝不by chance偶然by mistake错误地by the way顺便说一下by chance偶然by mistake错误地by the way顺便说一下(3)含有in的成语in a sense从某种意义上说in case假使in fact实际上in ones opinion在某人看来in other words换句话说in short总之in the long run从长远来看in advance事先in store必将发生in general一般说来in no time立刻in public公开地in vain徒劳in time及时in the meantime同时in danger处于危险中in turn轮流in order井井有条in return作为回报in the end最后in all总共(4)含有on的成语on average平均on foot步行on sale在出售on the way在途中on business出差on holiday在休假on strike罢工on time准时on duty值日on behalf of代表on the contrary相反on the spot当场on fire着火on purpose故意地on the other hand另一方面(5)含有out of的成语out of breath气喘吁吁out of date过时out of order发生故障out of patience失去耐心out of work失业out of control失去控制out of doors 在户外out of question毫无疑问out of reach拿不到out of the question不可能out of danger脱险out of fashion不合时尚out of luck倒霉out of shape变形out of touch失去联系做并列连词的when和while(1)when还可用作并列连词，其意思为“这时，那时”，相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式：sb was doing sth when.sb was about to do/going to do/on the point of doing sth when.sb had just done sth when.如：We were having a meeting when someone broke in.我们正在开会，这