2016届高三4月质量英语检测卷.doc

2016年高三年级4月份英语质量检测试卷 第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分10 分)）第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30 分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项 (A、B、C 和 D) 中,选出最佳选选项.并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑AChina has announced its abolishing its one-child policy. What difference has it made, statistically speaking?400 million births preventedThe one-child policy, officially in place since 1979, has prevented 400 million births. Parents have faced fines and other punishments for having more children.The majority of the decrease in Chinas fertility rate happened in the 1970s. It dropped from 5.8 children per woman in 1970 to 2.7 in 1978. Despite the one-child policy the rate had only fallen to 1.7 by 2013.21:28-baby deaths rateSince the one-child policy was introduced, baby girls have become more likely to die than boys.In the 1970s, according to the United Nations, 60 males per 1, 000 live births died under the age of one. For girls the figure was 53. In the 1980s, after the one-child policy became official, the rate for both was 36. By the 1990s, 26 males per 1,000 live births died before the age of one - and 33 girls. The 2000s saw 21 boys per 1,000 live births dying and 28 girls.1.16 boys born for every girlSexually selective abortions have been considered as a major cause of Chinas unusual imbalance.Gietel-Basten, associate professor in social policy at Oxford University, says the births of many girls are not registered if parents have broken the rule by having two children, adding officials often turn a blind eye. Its estimated there are now 33 million more men than women in China.4: 2: 1 familiesWith the ageing of Chinas population and the continuation of the one-child policy, a “4: 2 :1” home is the description given to households in which there are four grandparent, cared for by two working age parents, who themselves have one child.By 2050, its predicted that a quarter of Chinas population will be 65 or older. The predicted decline in the number of people of working age is thought to have persuaded the government to drop the one-child policy.1. When was the baby deaths rate for both boys and girls equal?A. In the 1970s. B. In the 1980s. C. In the 1990s. D. In the 2000s2. What makes the one-child policy abolished according to the passage?A. The decline of birth rate. B. The rise of baby deaths rate.C. The change of family structure. D. The decline of working age people.3. The passage sums up the one child policy by _.A. number B. example C. contrast D. analysisBMathilda,15, is Turkana, a native people that has survived by raising cattle in a semiarid (半干旱) region. Mathildas school, like most schools in the area, doesnt have access to clean water and sanitation facilities for its students. So instead of spending their whole school day learning, Mathilda and her classmates start their day by spending two hours to the closest river fetching water -water that is anyway most likely not safe to drink. They do the same thing again in the afternoon, so they often lose around half of their school day fetching water.Mathilda has to do the same thing outside of school hours to get the water her family needs at home, leaving her little time for studying. Because of rising temperatures, water has become harder and harder to find here, and people have to spend more and more time trying to find it.This is just one small example of how climate change is making it harder to realize peoples rights to water, education and security. Unfortunately, most higher-income countries remained silent on the issue.This is despite studies showing that communities already facing marginalization(边缘化),such as women and children, mostly suffer from climate change. This is especially the case for those in countries with limited resources and fragile ecosystems.Meanwhile, women consist of the majority of the world s poor，and so are more dependent for their livelihood on natural resources that are threatened by climate change. And around the world, women and girls are the most likely to be responsible for fetching water for their families.This exposes them to danger and leaves them with less time to attend school, earn money, or simply to rest. But the fact is that the effects of climate change will be felt globally.Despite the difficulties she is facing, trying to get an education, Mathilda says she hopes to serve her community in a leadership role when she grows up.“All of the worlds leaders need to work together to solve this problem that we are all facing,” she said.4. Mathilda has to spend _fetching water every school day.A. two hoursB. four hours C. more than four hours D. almost a whole day5. The first two paragraphs are intended to tell us_.A. the cause and effect of lack of water B. one serious consequence of climate changeC. the difficulties in fetching water in the semiarid regionD. the hardship of life for the people in the semiarid region6. We can conclude from the passage that_.A. climate change is everyones businessB. water is becoming rare because of rising temperaturesC. fetching water takes up Mathildas half of studying timeD. females are more responsible for fetching water for their families7. The passage is mainly about the problem caused by_.A. rising temperatures B. fetching water C. climate change D. water shortageCI walked up to the counter. Behind it was a lady with glasses on the tip of her nose and gray hair on her head.“Excuse me,” I said. She looked up. “Youre that Clements kid,” she said. “I m Miss Bee. Come closer and let me get a look at you.” She pushed her glasses up her nose. “I can describe you to the police if something goes missing from the store.”“I m not a thief!” I was shocked. I was seven too young to be a thief!“From what I can see youre not much of anything. But I can tell youve got potential.” She went back to reading her newspaper.“I need to get these.” I said, holding up my list. “So? Go get them.” Miss Bee pointed to a sign on the screen door. “Im not your servant, so I suggest you get yourself a basket and start filling.”I visited Miss Bee several times a week that summer. Sometimes she short-changed me. Other times she overcharged. “That can of beans is only twenty nine cents” I corrected her one afternoon. I had watched the numbers change on the cash register closely, and Miss Bee had added 35 cents. She didnt seem embarrassed. She just looked at me over her glasses and fixed the price.But she ever let me declare victory. All summer long she found ways to play tricks on me. No sooner had I learned how to pronounce bicarbonate of soda(小苏打) and memorized its location on the shelf than Miss Bee rearranged the shelve and made me hunt for it all over again.One day before I left, she said, “I know what you think of me, but I dont care! Each of us is put on this earth for a reason. I believe my job is to teach every child I meet life lessons. When you get older youll be glad our paths crossed!” Glad I met Miss Bee？Ha! The idea was absurdUntil one day my daughter asked me to finish her math problems. “If I do it for you how will you ever learn to do it yourself?” I said. Suddenly, I remembered the lady Miss Bee.8. The girl felt _ when Miss Bee implied she could be a thief.A. surprisedB. shockedC. puzzledD. annoyed9. We can infer from Paragraph 6 that Miss Bee _.A .showed no care about her mistakes B. made the girl learn to double-checkC. was always playing tricks on the girl D. was careless and dishonest to do business10. It can be learned from the passage that Miss Bee _.A. knew her job was to help every child she met B. asked the girl to shop by herself to test her honestyC. taught the girl many lessons but she didnt understandD. rearranged the shelves to teach the girl to be changeable11. Which is NOT the lesson the writer learnt from shopping?A Treat others kindly and politely. B. Dont be so quick to judge others.C. The best teachers arent only in school. D. Try our best though the task seems beyond us.DA new graph has revealed exactly how long you11 need to sweat it out in the gym to neutralize (抵消) swallowing a favorite fast food.While eating fried chicken, pizza and burgers will all entail a gym session of over an hour doing cardio(有氧运动)or lifting weights, women have it far harder than men and must work extra hard to banish calorie-packed meals.After a classic McDonalds favorite, the Big Mac, men would need to do 42 minutes of cardio or 57 minutes of weightlifting.As for women, fifty one minutes of cardio would help counter the 24 grams of fat in a Big Mac-over a quarter of the recommended daily allowance - -or an hour and eight minutes of weightlifting.However, the 450g Tesco chocolate cake was by far the worst offender. Clocking in at a whopping 1,710 calories and 90 grams of fat, only a hardcore gym session is going to shift the calories youve absorbed from this dessert. The average woman would have to lift weights for almost four hours to work off the calories in this cake.Comparatively a chocolate bar seems healthy, with 237 calories which would take 25 minutes for the average woman to run off. Alternatively you could spend thirty three minutes doing weightlifting exercises.Men will have to complete 40 minutes of cardio and 53 minutes of weightlifting while women will have to complete 48 minutes of cardio and 64 minutes of weightlifting against the calories in French fries.12. The fat of the recommended daily allowance for women is _grams. A .18B. 20 C. 24 D. 3013. According to the passage, _is the unhealthiest food.A. French friesB. the Big MacC. a chocolate bar D. Tesco chocolate cake14. Compared with men, women must spend _to consume the calories in French fries. A. 11 more minutes lifting weights B. 8 less minutes doing cardioC. 8 more minutes lifting weights D. 11 less minutes doing cardio15. The main purpose of the passage is to_.A. inform us to stay away from fast food B. offer us advice on how to keep healthyC. tell us some information about fast food D. suggest what we do to work off the calories第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Its Time to Put it AwayYour smart phone may have hurt you before you realize it. Dont be addicted to it. Put your phone away, OK?1.Cyber SicknessAlso called “digital motion sickness”, symptoms that range from headaches to woozy feelings can occur when you quickly scroll on your smart phone or watch action packed video on your screen. 16. Your sense of balance is different from other senses in that it has lots of inputs. When those inputs dont agree, thats when you feel dizziness and sickness.2. Text ClawIt is the unofficial term for soreness and muscle contraction felt in the finger, wrist and forearm after heavy smart phone use. 17. So if youre always on your phone, it makes sense to feel discomfort in your hands and forearms.3. Eye StrainDo you stare at a screen for hours on end? If youre reading this, you very well might. 18. Staring at your digital devices for a long time can lead to dry eyes, headaches and tiredness, which can decrease your productivity. Experts suggest taking screen breaks every 20 minutes.4. Text NeckSimilar to the claw, text neck-discomfort in the neck and spine happens when you spend a long time looking down at your smart phone. 19. Being mindful of how far your neck bends when youre on your phone- and bending it back to an upright position can help reduce the risk of text neck.5. Pedestrian safetyPedestrian deaths are on the rise because too many smart phone users engage in distracted walking. While focused on the cyber world, many of us can lose reality of the physical one. Elemental pedestrian safety knowledge is compromised by technology, and the risks are scary. 20.A. We should taking breaks for a while.B. The sensation results from a mismatch between sensory inputs.C. Remember that pedestrian safety is more important than smart phone.D. The habit may lead to people requiring medical spine care at a younger age.E. To avoid injury or worse, put your phone away until youve reached a safe spot.F. Any specific motor activity can cause pain in the tendons (筋) and muscles when done repeatedly.G. Any activity that requires active use of your eyes-driving and reading included-can cause eye tiredness.第二部分英语知识运用（ 共两节，满分 45 分）第一节完形填空（共 20 小题；每题 1. 5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项C A, B, C 和 D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Reg Foggerdy, 62 ,who was on a hunting trip in the Great Victoria Desert in Western Australia when he hunted for a camel hed shot, had to eat ants to survive while lost for six days without water in wildness.“I followed this camel into the 21 . Id gone at least 30km. I didnt know where I was,” he said, narrating his wrong 19 mile 22 and extraordinary tale of survival that followed.Foggerdy found himself alone with only clothing he was wearing. He had a valuable source of food23 in front of him-the dead camel hed 24 downbut no means with 25 to eat it.“I didnt have a knife, and I didnt have matches for a 26,” he said. “So I couldnt go and 27 a steak off the animal.”In his 28, he turned to ants for 29, an idea he remembered from watching TV shows of British survival expert Bear Grylls. “They tasted quite good. The first day, I ate probable 12 ants-and the following day, I had 18,” Foggerdy said.30, as time passed, his hopes of51 it out of the desert alive began to 32. He saw search helicopters passing overhead, but they didnt notice him because the bush is so 33By the sixth day, his34 had started to shut down. He had said his last goodbyes in his head and 35 death to come soon“I was 56 with myself,” he said, 37tears as he remembered the thought of his family seeing his body lying on the dirt in the bush.But as Goggerdy 38 for the end , searchers were hot on his trail after a tracker 39one of his footprints in the dirt.The grandfather says he thinks he was not 40 -just lucky.21. A. dirtB. bush C. desert D. wildness22. A. tripB. walk C. journey D. wander23. A. rightB. straight C. slowly D. instantly24. A. shotB. chased C. killed D. knocked25. A. whatB. that C. which D. whom26. A. fireB. meal C. cook D . water27. A. putB. break C. turn D. cut28. A. memoryB. experience C. impression D. dilemma29. A. helpB. power C. strength D. nutrients30. A. Anyhow B. Finally C. However D. Therefore31. A. gettingB. escaping C. making D. managing32. A. die B. fade C. decrease D. weaken33. A. thickB. big C. thin D. tall34. A. heartB. eyes C. pulse D. organs35. A. exploredB. expected C. declared D. ignored36. A. peacefulB. hopeful C. concerned D. desperate37. A. taking backB. bursting into C. wiping away D. hiding away38. A. reachedB. made C. sought D. prepared39. A, foundB. saw C. spotted D. searched40. A. braveB. patient C. tough D. confident第 二 卷第三部分:英语知识运用(共两节,满分15分) 第二节(共10小题；每小题 1. 5 分,满分15分)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式.Colorful fruits and vegetables are helpful to our health. Their_41(nature) colors help protect our bodies from disease. Think about the colors of fruits and vegetables-the red of tomatoes, the orange of carrots, the green of apples and the purple of grapes.You can enjoy _42_ (eat) fruits and vegetables of all colors-green, yellow, blue, purple, and white. Each color _43_ (be) important to our health. These colors work together to protect _44 (we) bodies. Scientists have studied them and discovered _45_ good of colorful fruits and vegetables. The list below shows some benefits of some colors in fruits and vegetables: Red gives us a healthy heart. It can _46_ (possible) reduce heart disease. Red helps improve our memory. Yellow is good _47_ our eyes. White can reduce cholesterol(胆固醇) Green is helpful to eyes. It also gives us strong bones and _48_ (tooth). Blue helps us keep a good memory as we grow old. It also helps fight heart disease. So, _49_ you are buying or eating fruits and vegetables, remember_50_( try)different colors of them.第四部分写作（共两节 ，满分 35 分）第一节短文政错（共 10 小题；每小题 1分，满分 10 分） 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处 。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加 、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（ ），并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意 ：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。I was walking to school this morning when I caught a sight of an old woman with a walking stick lain on the ground. I ran over quick to help her up and