初中语法知识.doc

一使役动词用法汇总LETlet sb. do sth.e.g. My mother let me go to the concert last night. let放句中我们所用的结构是：let sb. do sth. 解释为让某人做某事，这里是省略to的不定式。MAKE1. make sb. do sth.在解释为让某人做某事时，make的用法和let完全一样。因此，刚才那句例句也可改成：My mother made me go to the concert last night.2. make sb./sth. done/adj./n.这个用法大家注意，解释为让某事某人怎样或成为e.g. The news made him happy. (句型：make sb. adj.) He couldnt make himself understood. (句型: make sb. done, 解释为让某人自己被别人理解） He made her his wife. (句型：make sb. n.,解释为让她成为他的妻子)HAVE1. have sb. do sth.让某人做某事，和make，let用法一样2. have sb. doing sth.doing表示持续地做某件事。e.g. My mother had me playing the piano all the day. His joke hade me laughing for a long time.通过以上两句句子大家可以发现：一般表示持续性的动作句中都会有相应的时间状语标志词。 3. have sth. done解释为让某事被做，遭受到。e.g. He had his money stolen last night. (他的钱被偷了） He will have his hair cut. (头发被剪）GET1. get sb. to do sth.也是解释为让某人做某事，但注意！这里不能省略to。e.g. My mother got me to go to the concert. 2. get sth. done 解释为让某事被做时，用法和have一样。Ex 1. The cry of the baby made her _ (cry)2. The teacher wanted me to clean the classroom. (改成have）3. I practised English. My mother had me do it. (两句并一句）4. My father_ me to finish my homework. A. got B. let C. have D. make5. I will go to have my car _ . A. repair B. repaired C. repairing D. to repair2. 使役动词答案与解析1. The cry of the baby made her _ (cry)答案：cry解析：使役动词make的用法：make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事，故这里填动词原形。2. The teacher wanted me to clean the classroom. (改成have）答案：The teacher had me clean the classroom.解析：使役动词have的用法：have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事，这里句子时态为过去时，所以用had。3. I practiced English. My mother had me do it. (两句并一句）答案：My mother had me practice English.4. My father_ me to finish my homework. A. got B. let C. have D. make答案：A解析：使役动词get的用法：get sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事。其余3个词都是加省略to的不定式。5. I will go to have my car _ . A. repair B. repaired C. repairing D. to repair答案：B解析：使役动词have的用法：have sth. done. 让某事被做，所以用repair的过去分词repaired。再来看看动名词的题目1. I keep _ (read) the book every day.2. Do you mind _ (open) the window?3. I am good at _ (play) basketball.4. My hair is too long, it needs _(cut).5. The book is so interesting that I cant help_(laugh).答案与解析：1.答案：reading解析：动词keep的用法：keep doing sth. 坚持做某事。2.答案：opening解析：动词mind的用法：mind doing sth. 介意做某事。3.答案：playing解析：be good at中at为介词，介词后加动名词。4.答案：cutting解析：动词need的用法：need doing sth. 用动名词表达被动，我的头发需要被剪，还需要注意：cut加ing需要双写t。5.答案：laughing解析：cant help doing sth. 忍不住做某事。三非谓语动词 1. 动名词跟在某些动词和短语之后：enjoy, be busy, keep, finish, mind, cant help, spende.g. I enjoy playing the piano every day. (这句句子中playing为动名词，它放在enjoy这个谓语动词之后） I am busy doing my homework now. (doing为动名词，放在be busy 之后）其余几个词用法一样。2. 动名词放在介词之后英语中的介词有很多：in, on, before, after等，比较难记的是一些短语中的介词，比如：be interested in, look forward to, be good at 等e.g. I am really interested in watching movies. (watching为动名词，放在介词in之后） I look forward to meeting you next week. (meeting为动名词，放在介词to之后）3. 动名词表被动:need/want/require/be worth+doing=to be donee.g. The car needs repairing.（这辆车需要被修理，=The car needs to be repaired.) The book is worth reading. (这本书值得被读，=The book is worth to be read.)Ex：1. I keep _ (read) the book every day.2. Do