北师大版选修七Unit 20 new frontiers language awareness and culture corner学案.docx

unit 20 new frontiers language awareness and culture corner学案.根据词性及汉语意思写出单词1associatev. 使发生联系；交往2arrangev. 安排；筹划3availableadj. 可用的，可得到的；适宜的；有空的4literacyn. 读写能力；有文化5navigatev. 导航；航行6weaponn. 武器7compassn. 指南针；罗盘.补全短语1defend . against . 保护免受(侵害)2as well as 除以外(也)；既又3plenty of许多，大量4drop in顺便拜访5lead to导致；通向6not . until . 直到才7prevent . from . 防止的发生8be/get stuck in被卡住/陷入/困住1at this time of year, there is nowhere better than the unspoilt countryside of south shropshire.在一年的这个时节里，要说景色最美的地方当数南什罗普郡原始乡村的自然景观了。句式分析“否定词比较级”表示最高级的含义。佳句赏析众所周知，时间是最珍贵的。as we know, nothing is more valuable than time.2. because of the invention of paper, the chinese were one of the first nations to start producing historical records, maps and literature.由于纸的发明，中国人成了最早开始制作历史档案、地图和发展文学的民族之一。句式分析“the序数词n.to do sth.”表示“第个做某事的”。佳句赏析昨晚谁最后离开教室？who was the last one to leave the classroom last night?考点1arrange v安排，筹划；整理，排列，布置教材原句the blocks were then arranged to form the words on a page.然后这些方块的字模板被排列，以便在纸上形成文字。she has arranged matters very well.她把事情安排得很好。(1)arrange to do sth.安排做某事arrange for sb. to do sth. 安排某人做某事arrange sth. for sb./sth. 为安排某物arrange that . 安排(2)arrangement n. 排列，布置；整理，整顿；准备，筹备make arrangements for 为做准备have you arranged to meet mark this weekend?你安排好了这个周末与马克会面了吗？ive arranged for him to meet her.我已安排他跟她见面。mother arranged an appointment for me with the dentist.母亲替我向牙医预约挂号。he arranged that the meeting (should) be put off until next week. 他安排把会议推迟到下周。名师点津(1)arrange for sb. to do sth.中的for不可省去。(2)arrange后跟宾语从句时，从句谓语动词用“(should) do”虚拟语气形式。1句型转换he arranged that the meeting (should) be put off for a week.he arranged for the_ meeting_ to_ be_ put_ off for a week.2单句改错he has arranged a taxi to come and get us.arranged后加for3完成句子they are now making_arrangements_for_ (为作准备) the wedding.have you arranged_drinks_and_fruits_for (为安排饮料和水果) the party?考点2available adj.可利用的；可得到的；有空的教材原句because books became more widely available to the public .因为书籍开始能够被大众更广泛地获取tickets are available at the box office.票房有票供应。will she be available this afternoon.她今天下午有空吗？we have already used up all the available space.可用的空间我们都用上了。do you have a room available?你们有空房间吗？be available to/for可为所得到/利用is the library available to the teachers and students during summer vacation?暑假期间图书馆可为师生利用吗？no figures are available for the number of goods sold.货物出售数量的数据无法获得。1完成句子there is much water_available (可用的水) here. no principle is_available_for (可供所用) comment.2翻译句子the school is trying its best to make more books available for the students.学校竭尽全力给学生提供更多的书。我们必须利用可以得到的一切资源。we_must_use_all_available_resources.考点3defend . against . 保护免受(侵害)；辩解；辩白教材原句other places worth a visit are the castle, which defended the town against the welsh, and st laurences, a spectacular medieval church.其他值得一游的地方有城堡，它保卫着小镇免受威尔士人的进攻；还有圣罗伦斯教堂，一座中世纪建造的令人惊叹的教堂。he defended me against a drunken man.他保护我免受一位醉汉的伤害。they were brave to defend their country against enemies.他们勇敢地保家抗敌。(1)defend . fromdefend . against保护免受(2)defense n. 防御，防卫，防守in defense of 为了捍卫they digged caves under the ground to defend themselves against/from attack.他们挖地洞来保护自己免受攻击。offense is sometimes the best defense.进攻有时是最好的防御。hundreds of people gave their lives in defense of freedom.数以百计的人为了捍卫自由而献出了自己的生命。1单句语法填空they built a bank as a defense (defend) against flooding.when the dog attacked me, i picked up a stick and tried to_defend (defend) myself.mr. white stood up in defense of the boy, saying that he was not the one to blame.2完成句子我们应该保卫我们的祖国不受外来干涉。we should defend_our_motherland_against any outside interference.难道有谁不愿为保卫自己的祖国而战吗？is there any man not willing to fight in_defense_of_his_country?考点4lead to 通往，通向；导致教材原句this invention made it much quicker and easier to reproduce written work and led to the first ever massproduction of books and literature.这项发明使书的印刷变得更快、更方便，随之出现了书籍和文学作品的首次批量生产。too much work and too little rest often lead to illness.过量的工作和过少的休息会引起疾病。his carelessness led to his failure in the exam.他的粗心大意导致他没有通过考试。lead sb. to a place带领某人去某地lead sb. to do sth. 促使某人做某事lead sb. in doing sth. 领导某人做某事lead/live a . life 过着样的生活our guide led us to the temple to begin with.首先导游把我们带到这座庙。her constant lying led me to distrust everything she said.她经常撒谎，我完全不相信她的话了。he led us in building a strong country.他领导我们建设强大的国家。名师点津lead to中的to为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词，不可接不定式。1单句语法填空i dont know what led you to_change (change) your mind.he led us in advancing (advance) from victory to victory. the girl led us to the hall where we were seated.2翻译句子条条道路通罗马。all_roads_lead_to_rome.yuan longping cares little about spending the money on himself or leading a comfortable life.袁隆平很少在自己身上花钱，也不愿过安逸舒适的日子。考点5prevent . from doing sth. 阻止做某事；不让做某事教材原句i think there will be an invention that will help prevent drivers from getting stuck in traffic jams.我认为将有一个发明可以帮助司机免受交通阻塞之苦。lucy has a back injury that may prevent her from playing in tomorrows game.露茜背上受了伤，这可能会使她参加不了明天的比赛。her sudden arrival prevented him from going out.她的突然到来，使他不能外出。联想发散prevent . from doing sth.表示“阻止做某事”。我们学过的与它同义的短语还有哪些？stop_._(from)_doing_sth.keep_._from_doing_sth.名师点津keep sb. from doing sth.中的from不可省略，因为keep sb. doing sth.表示“让某人一直做某事”。1句型转换a lot of steps have been taken to prevent waste water making the lakes and rivers dirty.a lot of steps have been taken to stop_ waste water (from)_making the lakes and river dirty.a lot of steps have been taken to keep_ waste water from_ making the lakes and river dirty.2完成句子we should prevent_the_children_from_approaching (阻止孩子们走近) the fire.im sorry to have kept_you_waiting (让你等) so long, but my parents prevented_me_from_seeing_you (阻止我见你)1at this time of year, there is nowhere_better_than the unspoilt countryside of south shropshire.在一年的这个时节里，要说景色最美的地方当数南什罗普郡原始乡村的自然景观了。句中nowhere better than表示“没有比更好的地方”。当比较级与not, never, nothing等否定词连用时，表示“再也没什么比这更的了”。what an interesting novel! i have never read a more moving story. its the most moving novel that i have ever read.多么有意思的小说！我从来没看过比这更动人的故事了。(言外之意：这是最动人的)the weather couldnt be worse.天气再糟糕不过了。i am very excited to learn that we are going to start a magazine together. i cant agree more. 听说我们将合办一份杂志，我非常激动。我非常赞成。1. 句型转换nothing is more difficult than to learn in the world.it is the_ most_ difficult_ thing to learn in the world.mike is the most intelligent in his class.no one in his class is_ more_ intelligent_ than mike.2翻译句子this could give her no greater pleasure.这使她再高兴不过了。健康的身体是最宝贵的(precious)。nothing_is_more_precious_than_health.2because of the invention of paper, the chinese were one of the_first_nations_to_start producing historical records, maps and literature.由于纸的发明，中国人成了最早开始制作历史档案、地图和发展文学的民族之一。(1)“the序数词n.to do sth.”表示“第个做某事的”。在 the first/last/next(名词)或the only之后如果跟动词，通常用不定式作定语。he is always the first one to come and the last one to leave in our office.他在我们办公室里总是第一个来最后一个走。the next train to arrive is from nanjing to beijing.下一列到站的火车是由南京发往北京的。the only way to do your job well is to love it.唯一能把工作做好的方法是热爱你的工作。(2)其他用不定式作定语的情况：have sth. to do“有某事要做”。mr. turner has a big family to support.特纳先生有一个大家庭要养活。im going to town. do you have anything to be bought?我去城里。你有什么东西要买吗？decision, ability, determination只跟不定式作定语。he doesnt have the ability to pay off his debts.他没有能力还清债务。说明所修饰名词的内容，相当于同位语。we made a plan to set up a club for car fans.我们制订了一个为汽车迷组建俱乐部的计划。1单句语法填空i have some dishes to_wash (wash), so wait a minute.this is the third question to_be_discussed (discuss) at todays meeting.i dont think he is the best one to_be_chosen (choose) for the job.2完成句子so far he hasnt made the decision to_marry_her (娶她). work parents usually dont have enough time to_stay_with_their_children_(和他们的孩子待在一起)代词语法初识原句感知自主探究they are amongst the scores of castles in the area.three restaurants hold the famous michelin star, which is really quite surprising when you think that there are only several of them in the whole country.i have something important to consult you.there are plenty of good hotels and restaurants in ludlow and their food has an excellent reputation. as the wellknown local historian, david lloyd, has said, “there are few towns like ours in britain with such fine architecture.”these are just some of the things that make ludlow a very special town.there are also plenty of things to do for those who like the outdoors. you will find yourself in broad street with its impressive 18th century houses.if you have children, drop in to the secret hills discovery centre in craven arms where they can learn all about the area and enjoy themselves at the same time. (1)句中的they，句中的you, them，句中的you, they为人称代词。(2)句中的something为不定代词。(3)句中的their和句中的ours为物主代词。(4)句中的these和句中的those为指示代词。(5)句中的yourself和句中的themselves为反身代词。(6)句中的which和句中的who为关系代词。语法剖析代词是在句子中代替名词的词。英语中的代词按其意义、特征及在句中的作用可分为以下几类：一、人称代词主格形式：i, you, he, she, it, we, you, they宾格形式：me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them1人称代词单独使用时，一般不用主格而用宾格。(如果带谓语，用主格)who can drive a car?me.谁会开车？我会。2人称代词的宾格可用于代替as, than等连词之后的主格。(多用于口语中)im not as careful as him.我没有他细心。二、物主代词1形容词性物主代词my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their2名词性物主代词(所有格代词)mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirsthese packages are not ours, but theirs.ours are over there.这些包裹不是我们的，是他们的。我们的在那边。即时演练1用适当的人称代词或物主代词填空whos knocking at the door? its me. i have something to ask you.it was he who helped me out. so im grateful to him.my flat is small, but hers is large, for she is rich than i. 三、反身代词myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, oneself, themselves1反身代词可作宾语、同位语、表语或主语。但反身代词不能单独作主语，只能在并列主语中作第二或第三主语。toms mother and himself came together.汤姆和他妈妈一块来的。(主语)he isnt quite himself today.他今天不舒服。(表语)he himself finished the work.他自己完成的这项工作。(同位语)they enjoyed themselves in the party.晚会上他们玩得很高兴。(宾语)2带有反身代词的习惯用语by oneself独自； of oneself自动地； enjoy oneself过得愉快； help oneself to随便； teach oneself自学； say to oneself自言自语； make oneself at home别客气； make oneself heard/understood使自己的话被听到/理解he said he would go to see the great wall of china by himself.他说他要独自去看中国长城。即时演练用反身代词完成句子we enjoyed_ourselves (玩得很愉快) on the seashore yesterday.please make_yourself_at_home (别拘束) and sit down. he spoke in a high voice so as to make_himself_heard (使自己的话被听到)四、指示代词this, that, these, those1this与these常指下文要提到的事物；that与those多指上文提到的事物。what i want to say is this: he is right.我想说的是：他对了。he was ill.thats why he didnt come.他病了。这就是他没来的原因。2that与those可作替代词，替代上文出现过的名词，以避免重复。这时它们后面常有介词短语或定语从句。this novel is more interesting than that you read a few days ago.这部小说比你前几天读的那一部更有趣。3打电话时，this表示自己；that表示对方。whos that?this is mary.你是哪位？我是玛丽。即时演练3选词填空： this, that, these, thosethe boys parents cant afford to pay for his schooling.that was why he dropped out.the top of this tree is above those of all the rest.whos that speaking?this is jane. 五、不定代词不明确指代某个(些)人或事物的代词1someone, something, nobody, nothing等是不定代词，它们在句中只起名词的作用，可作主语、宾语和表语。there is something wrong with my clock.我的表坏了。does anybody live on the island?有人住在这个岛上吗？名师点津(1)形容词在修饰不定代词时，放在所修饰词的后面，作后置定语。something interesting“有趣的事情”。(2)常用于固定表达：nothing like“完全不像”； nothing but“仅仅，只有”； anything but“决不”。2几组不定代词的比较(1)none, no one, neithernone既可指人，也可指物。常用于回答由how many引导的问句。how many of you have read the novel?none (of us)你们中有多少人看过这部小说？一个也没有。no one只指人。常用于回答由who引导的问句。who will answer my question?no one.谁将回答我的问题？没人。none指三者或三者以上的全部否定； neither指“两者都不”。none of them are students.他们都不是学生。neither of you has met me before.以前你们俩人都没见过我。(2)another, other, the other, others, the othersanother指三者或三者以上中的“另一；再一；任何一个”，可作代词或形容词。other泛指“另外的”，只作定语，修饰不可数名词或可数名词复数。前面有some, any, each, every等以及形容词性物主代词时，可与单数名词连用。would you please make it some other day(another day)?能否改在另一天呢？the other指“两者中的另一个”，常与one连用，构成one . the other“一个另一个”。作定语修饰复数名词时，表示“其余全部的”，此时等同于the others。there are two pens on the desk.one is red; the other is blue.桌上有两支钢笔，一支是红色的，另一支是蓝色的。some students are from china; the other students ( the others) are from america.一些学生是中国人，其余的都是美国人。others泛指“别的人或物”，但不是全部。some people like to stay at home on sunday, but others like to go to the cinema.星期天一些人喜欢待在家里，另一些则喜欢去看电影。即时演练441.单句改错who won medals in the small country in the 31st olympics?none.noneno_onehe could do nothing but to beg from door to door.去掉towhen the fall comes, some birds fly to the south, the others stay in the north.去掉the42.完成句子今天的报纸上有什么有趣的事吗？is there anything_interesting in todays newspaper?他们都是优秀生，但都没有通过这次考试。they are excellent students but none_of_them_have/has_passed the examination.他们班由40名学生组成，其中15名是女生，其余的是男生。their class consists of 40 students, fifteen of whom are girls and the_others_are boys.六、相互代词表示相互关系的代词。有each other和one another两组，它们的所有格形式是each others和one anothers。we have lived together for a long time and know quite well each others weak points and strong points.我们生活在一起很久了，对彼此的优缺点了如指掌。七、疑问代词疑问代词有who(谁)，whom(谁)，whose(谁的)，what(什么)和which(哪一个)等。在句中引导特殊疑问句，常作主语、宾语、表语或定语。who do you think he is?你认为他是谁？八、关系代词关系代词用来引导定语从句。它代表先行词，同时在从句中充当一定的句子成分。关系代词有主格、宾格和属格之分，并有指人与指物之分。指人：who, whom, whose指物：which, of which/whose指人或指物：that, whosehe was one of the students who were praised in the meeting.他是会上得到表扬的学生之一。this is the pen that/which he bought yesterday.这就是他昨天买的那支钢笔。the girl whose father is a teacher has got the first place.父亲是个老师的那个女孩得了第一名。九、连接代词连接代词引导名词性从句，包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。连接代词有what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whomever, whose, which, whichever。i dont know what was the matter with you.我不知道当时你怎么了。whoever breaks the law will be punished.不论谁触犯了法律都要受到惩罚。即时演练5翻译句子你知道这是谁的电脑吗？do_you_know_whose_computer_this_is?我的手机和你的完全一样。my_cellphone_is_completely_the_same_as_yours.她已经不是过去的样子了。she_is_not_what_she_used_to_be.应用实战一、链接高考用合适的代词填空1(2016浙江高考) in many ways, the education system in the us is not very different from that in the uk.2(新课标卷)its an eitheror situation we can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we cant do both3(天津高考)at our factory there are a few machines similar to those described in this magazine.4(重庆高考)recycling is one way to protect the environment; reusing is another5(山东高考)ive lived in new york and chicago, but dont like either of them very much.6(安徽高考)this project requires close teamwork. nothing will be achieved unless we work well together.二、针对演练完成句子1我想做的全部就是去好好睡一觉。all/what_i_want_to_do is (to) have a good sleep.2我将买这两条领带以便有时可换一换。ill buy both_of_the_ties so as to have a change sometimes.3在我的所有朋友中，没有一个和tom一样聪明。of all my friends, none is so clever as tom.4我今早在商店里发现了一件漂亮的外套。我今天下午将去买来。ive found a beautiful coat in the shop this morning and ill go to buy it this afternoon.5他被判入狱了，这使我们很吃惊。he was sent to prison, which/and_it surprised all of us.6他父母都是农民，没有多少文化。both of his parents are peasants and neither_of_them knows much knowledge. 7钱对他来说不算什么，他注重的是质量。money is nothing_to_him. he cares about quality more.8你们俩中有一人要被派去那儿工作两年。either_of_you will be sent there to work for two years.对应学生课下能力提升(八).根据汉语意思写出单词1you will be informed when the book becomes available (可得到的)2pigeons navigate (导航) less accurately when the earths magnetic field is disturbed.3the iron has lost its magnetic (有磁力的) force. 4my grandfather learn shoemake as an apprentice to a master craftsman (工匠)5all the children are tested in basic literacy (读写能力). .选词填空as well as, lead to, plenty of, arrange for sb. to do sth, in addition1action as_well_as thought is necessary for us to learn english well.2there are plenty_of apple trees in this area, which help stop the soil from being washed away.3my boss arranged_for me to discuss the business details with a merchant from canada.4in_addition to these arrangements, extra ambulances will be on duty until midnight.5we firmly believe that war never settles anything. it only leads_to violence.完成句子1我是第一个到的。第二个到来的是汤姆。i arrived first. the_next_(one)_to_come was tom.2他是唯一一个知道真相的人。he is the only person to_know_the_truth3它比我预计的消费高了一点。it costs a_bit_more than i wanted to spend.4她甚至比她姐姐还聪明。 shes even_more_intelligent than her sister.完形填空more than eight years ago, i did my wildlife field project in palawan, in the southwestern part of the philippines. it was my first trip to the island so i didnt know what to _1_. i was really excited about the whole trip but a bit _2_， too, because i had to live in a tent the whole time. i wondered if i could survive._3_ me on the trip were four other students and our professor. after we reached the island, our professor told us to _4_ our families because it would not be possible once we rode the bus to the camping site.we spent our first week in busuanga. we took a _5_ and washed our clothes in a small well in the nearby forest. life was so simple but every day was a(n) _6_. aside from tasting unfamiliar foods, we caught frogs and _7_ colorful birds. they were fr