A guide to Cloze test.doc

A guide to Cloze testTeaching Aims: 1. Help the students understand the change of Cloze testin the entrance examination for college.2. Find ways to confirm what kind of word should be filled in the blanket according to the context.3. Enable the students to grasp the ability to complete a passage by practicing.Teaching Important Point:Teach the students some ways of confirming what kind of word should be filled in the blanket according to the context Teaching Difficult Point:How to teach the students to complete a passage by using one word that best fits the context. Teaching Methods:Individual, pair or group work to make every student work in class.Teaching Aids:The multimedia and the blackboardTeaching Procedures:Step. Greeting & Lead-inIntroduce some information about the reformation of cloze test.考纲分析 完形要求考生根据上下文，在每个空格处填入一个适当的单词，是纯空格试题。该题型侧重考查考生的语感以及语言的衔接、连贯、结构等语言知识运用能力。文章长约150词，平均设空密度约为15词一空，基本不影响对语境的把握，要求根据上下文意思填入恰当的具有一定语法功能的词。与传统的完形填空不同，传统的完形填空题侧重考查语篇能力，而语法填空侧重考查的是语境加语法。此题型没有提示，主要是要求考生填连词（包括主从复合句和并列 复合句的连词）、冠词、介词、代词（包括人称代词、反身代词和不定代词等）、形容词和副词的比较等级等。Step . Methods introduction解答语法填空题的五条思路一根据语法知识进行填充考查语法点: 定冠词,不定冠词, 物主代词的用法Ask some students to fill in the blanks.1. She leaned into the pot to take a closer look. 2. Walking is an essential part of human life as it is a means of going to various places.3. The little boy pulled his right hand out of the pocket.4. This book tells the life story of John Smith, who left school and worked for a newspaper at the age of 16. 考查语法点: 各类复合句中连词,引导词的用法Ask some students to fill in the blanks.1. If we could get all we want from nature, we should not bother to invent anything.2. Jane paused in front of a counter where some attractive ties were on display.3. They were excited at the discovery that the pot was able to turn out new items for them.4. One asks for what one does not have.5. He was drinking orange juice while the rest of us drank whisky.6. The sun heats the earth, which makes it possible for plants to grow. 7. This made the goat so jealous that it began plotting against the donkey8. I was to open the door when I found the keys lost.考查语法点: 介词的基本用法及惯用搭配Ask some students to fill in the blanks.1. Sports can be very beneficial to kids in many ways.2. The art show was far from being a failure; it was a success. 3. My 12-year-old son is showing a great interest in growing plants.4. My father warned me against going to the West Coast because it was crowded with tourists.5. I agree to his suggestion on the condition that he drops all charges.6. The dictionary is what I want, but I dont have enough money with me. 7. Children need friends of their own age to play with.8. A great man shows his greatness by the way he treats little men.考查语法点: 各类词性的正确使用及转化Ask some students to fill in the blanks.1. How much better she looked without her glasses!2. But the newest research shows that scientists may have overcome the difficulty .3. The children loved their day trip, and they enjoyed the horse ride most. 4. As far as I am concerned, my suggestion is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English within easy reach. 二、根据逻辑关系和语篇标志进行填充正确理解句子间的逻辑关系有助于考生做出快速而准确的选择，提高做题的正确率。句子之间的逻辑关系主要包括：并列关系(连接词有and, while等)；转折关系(连接词有but, however, though, whereas, nevertheless等)；因果关系(连接词有so, therefore, thus, because, for, since, as等);让步关系(连接词有though, although, despite, in spite of等)；条件关系(连接词有if, unless, once, provided that, in case (of)等)；解释关系(连接词有i.e., that is to say, in other words等)；顺序关系(连接词有before, after, and, first, second, then, next, finally等 。语篇则是指比单个句子长的语言单位。语篇间往往有标明内在联系的 “语篇标志词”。如表示结构层次的有first, second, third, finally等；表示逻辑关系的有thus，therefore，so等；表示转折关系或变换话题的有however, but, by the way等。“语篇标志词”对迅速理清文章的脉络，弄清上下文关系很有帮助。Ask some students to fill in the blanks.1. Jim went to answer the phone. Meanwhile, Harry started to prepare lunch.2. It rained; Therefore /Thus, the game was called off.3. Teenagers live very busy lives now and often forget to think about their diets and exercise. However, the truth is, healthy eating along with regular exercise is the only way to keep fit.三.根据固定词组和句型搭配进行填充熟练掌握一些常见的词组，如as a matter of, be proud of, by the way, come from, congratulateon, devoteto, earn ones living, keep ones word, make up ones mind等，对解题很有帮助。根据句型搭配进行填充,就是根据一些常用的句型搭配，如so/suchthat, it is(for sb.) to do sth., There is no doubt that, there is no sense in doing sth.等来解题。Ask some students to fill in the blanks.1. How did this uneducated person turn the separated tribes of Mongolia into a powerful nation and revolutionary weapons that finally conquered Europe? 2. He treated money as having little value. 3. I hate it when my classmates make fun of me in public when I make some language mistakes.4. To my great disappointment, my favorite singer left the concert before I could have a word with her. 四. 根据词汇知识进行填充指根据某些词语在用法上的特殊搭配来解题。如下列各类动词必须牢记：只能接动词的-ing形式作宾语的动词，只能接to do作宾语的动词，接to do作补语的动词，接do作补语的动词，接doing或done作补语的动词，对句式搭配要求较为特别的词语，等等。Ask some students to fill in the blanks.1. When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door reading “Sorry to miss you; will call later.” 2. They knew her very well. They had seen her grow up from childhood.3. The first textbooks written for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century.4. Some foreigner used to drive their cars on the left in their own countries, but now they have got used to driving on the right in our country.五. 根据生活常识和文化背景进行填充在完形中有时还会借助生活常识和文化背景知识来填空。Ask some students to fill in the blanks.1. Carbohydrate provides 3.8Cal/gm, protein 4.0Cal/gm, and fat 8.8Cal/gm. Each food contains different amount of these materials.2. Before I came to Finland to attend this meeting two weeks ago, I had no idea what kind of clothes I should take along. Fortunately, my friend Julia has been to North/Northern Europe.3. After the flood, Mr. Deng was as poor as a church mouse.Step. Procedure for cloze test解题三步走提示：三步走归根到底其实就是寻找依据每一个要填的空格里所需的单词或短语其实都可以在所在的句子中或者上下文中找到它的依据一、通读全文,理解大意Show the students cloze test II taken from NMET 2010.Give them one minute to quickly scan the whole passage and ask them of the general idea of it.二、结合语境，试填空格Ask the students to try to fill in the blanks according to the context and pay attention to the part of speech and form of the words. After that, ask several students to offer their answers, and then analyze them.三、检查搭配, 前后连贯Check the answers by reading the whole passage again to make sure it is coherent.Cloze test II (Hunan NMET 2010)Parents are busy people. If they are working, they are usually not at home 48. when/ after their children return from school. Sometimes it is necessary for a parent to write 49. an after-school note for their children. They sometimes put the note on the kitchen table, the refrigerator, 50. or another place where their children are sure to find it. A note is often a 51. better way to talk with a child than using the telephone. For one thing, parents have time to think about 52.what they want to say before they write. 53. For another, the note lists all the information in one place. It is easy to read again and again People often forget all the details that 54. they hear in a telephone call. Finally, cell phones can be turned 55. off or telephone calls not answered. For these reasons, after-school notes are very popular with parents.48. 答案：when/after解析：该空引导时间状语从句，句意为：“当他们的孩子们放学回来的时候/以后，他们经常不在家”49 答案：an解析：根据空后的单数可数名词 note 及 after 以元音音素开头可判断填an50. 答案：or解析：该空填并列连词 or，并列三个名词51. 答案：better解析：由句意，“便条是与孩子交流的更好方式”可判断填 better52. 答案：what解析：该空引导宾语从句在句中作 say 的宾语53. 答案：For解析：For another 为固定搭配，意为“另一方面”54. 答案：they解析：该空在句中作主语且代指前面的people。故填 they55. 答案： off解析：turn off 意为“关掉”，即手机被关掉Step. Practice Directions: Complete the following passage by filling each blank with one word that best fits the context. From eagles to lions, many countries use 48. an animal as a symbol to show its national spirit and character. The image of an eagle is on the U.S. Presidents seal, and on the one-dollar bill. The bald eagle is a large, powerful, brown bird 49. with a white head and tail. The U.S. 50. declared that the eagle was its national bird in 1782. It was chosen because 51. of “its long life, great strength, and noble look”. A few eagles have even become American heroes. An eagle 52. called/named Old Abe, the mascot of a Wisconsin troop of soldiers during the Civil War, traveled 14,000 miles with its men. It was often shot at by the enemy, 53. but survived 42 battles.However, one of the Founding Fathers, Benjamin Franklin didnt 54. agree with the choice. “The bald eagle is a bird of bad moral character; like those among men 55. who/that live by robbing, he is generally poor, and often very dirty.” he argued. Franklin wanted the turkey as the countrys national bird.One more passage: As everyone knows, France is famous for its delicious food. But besides this, the French spend 48. more time sleeping and eating than anyone else among the worlds wealthy nations. The average French person sleeps almost nine hours every night, more than an hour 49. longer than the average Japanese and South Korean. 50. Despite their habit of siesta, Spaniards rank only third 51. in the poll after Americans, who sleep more than 8.5 hours. And 52.while/though/although more and more French people grab a bite at fast-food chains these days, they still spend more than 53. two hours a day eating. That means their meals are twice as long as 54.