译林版必修四unit 3 tomorrow’s world Reading（Language points）学案.docx

unit 3 tomorrows world reading（language points）学案一、这样记单词记得准写得对记得快记得多.基础词汇1.realityn现实，事实2.sightseeingn. 观光，游览3.passiveadj. 被动的4.usern. 使用者5.networkn. (互联)网络6.studion. (广播、电视)演播室，制作室；工作室7.winningadj. 制胜的，获胜的8.secureadj. 安全的，有把握的；稳固的vt. 获得；使安全9.firefightern. 消防队员10.biologyn. 生物学11.urbanadj. 城市的，城镇的12.planningn. 规划；制订计划13.neighbourhoodn. 街区；邻近的地方14.operatorn. 操作人员.拓展词汇1.presentationn展示，介绍；颁发；提交，出示present v展示；呈现2.amazevt.使惊奇，使惊诧amazing adj.令人惊奇的amazed adj.大为惊奇的amazement n惊奇，惊讶3.socialadj.社交的，交际的；社会的society n社会4.confidentadj.自信的；肯定的，有把握的confidence n信心5.disappointedadj.失望的；沮丧的disappoint vt.使失望disappointing adj.令人失望的disappointment n失望6.disabledadj.有残疾的；丧失能力的disability n无能disable v使丧失能力7.conveniencen方便；便利convenient adj.方便的，便利的8.injurevt.伤害，损害injury n伤害，损伤injured adj.受伤的9.disadvantagen缺点，不利因素，障碍advantage n优点，优势1.neighbourhood n街区；邻近的地方；邻居关系联想归纳后缀hood名词brotherhood兄弟关系childhood孩提时代adulthood成年 fatherhood父性motherhood母性 sisterhood姐妹关系2.amaze vt.使惊奇，使惊诧记法a(表示状态)maze (迷宫)发现陷入迷宫很惊奇词块be amazed at his conduct 对他的行为感到惊讶同义surpriseastonish3.convenience n方便；便利；便利的设施或用具记法con(一起)veni (来)ence (名词后缀)来到一起方便词块for the convenience of 为了方便at ones convenience 在某人方便的时候offer/provide convenience 提供方便4.injure vt.伤害，损害记法in(不)jure (法)不法侵害伤害词块get injured 受伤injure ones pride 伤害某人的自尊心同义hurt v伤害 wound v受伤5.social adj.社交的，交际的；社会的联想social gathering 社交集会social system 社会制度social practice 社会实践6.disadvantage n缺点，不利因素，障碍联想以dis为前缀的单词discover v. 发现disagree v. 不同意disappear v. 消失dishonest adj. 不诚实的disconnect v. 失去联系二、这样记短语记牢固定短语多积常用词块1.connect with和有联系2.add to 使增强，使增加，使扩大3.give out 发出(气味、热、光等)4.put forward 提出(观点、议案等)，提议；拨快5.in reality 在现实中，实际上6.carry out 执行，实施；履行7.in the long term 从长远来看8.compared with/to 和相比较9.for fun 为了好玩10.as to 至于，关于11.go forward 向前，前进；取得进展1.development in science and technology科技方面的发展2.deserve to be developed further 值得进一步发展3.on a screen 在屏幕上4.the surrounding environment 周围的环境5.a feeling of happiness and a sense of achievement一种愉悦感和成就感6.virtual reality 虚拟现实7.take a trip 去旅行8.in a secure environment 在安全的环境中9.social problem 社交问题10.experience the world 体验世界三、这样记句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.not onlywill he or she feel every step of climbing mount qomolangma,but the user will also experience the cold, smells, sights and sounds of the surrounding environment .他或她不仅能够感受到攀登珠穆朗玛峰的每一步的艰辛，还能体验到周围环境的寒冷、气味、景观和声音not only . but also .“不但而且”，not only位于句首，其后的句子要倒装。not_only was the poor drunken driver fined, but_also he would be in prison all his life. 这个可怜的醉酒司机不仅被罚款，而且还要坐一辈子牢。2. he or she will enjoy a feeling of happiness and a sense of achievement uponreachingthe top.到达顶峰时，他或她将会享受到一种愉悦感和成就感。upon/on (doing) sth.“一就”，该结构在句中作时间状语。upon/on_arriving_home,_i at once helped my parents with the farm work. 一到家，我立刻帮助父母干农活。3.realcine works by making the users feel that they are really in a new world .realcine的工作原理是让使用者觉得自己身处真实的新世界中“make宾语宾补”结构在句中作方式状语。our english teacher makes_us_feel that she is our close friend. 我们的英语老师使我们感觉到她是我们亲密的朋友。4.in scientific studies it has been shown that vr can be a good treatment for people who have social problems.科学研究表明，虚拟现实可以为有社交障碍的人提供一种好的治疗。在“itbe过去分词that .”句型中，it作形式主语，that从句作真正主语。it_is_often_said_that if you want to understand a culture, you should listen to their folk tales. 常听人说，假如你想了解某个文化，就应该聆听他们的民间故事。1(教材p42) realcine virtual reality for everyone realcine人人都能享受的虚拟现实电影reality nu现实，真实；c实际经历，事实become a reality turn into reality 成为现实face/escape from reality 面对/逃避现实in reality 事实上，实际上the reality is that . 实际情况是in order to make dreams turn into/become a reality, we should take a lot of determination, selfdiscipline and efforts.要想梦想成真，我们需要很大的决心、自律和努力。he seems selfconfident, but in_reality he is very shy.他看上去很自信，但实际上他很腼腆。the reality is that there not enough money to pay for this project.实际情况是没有足够的钱花在这个项目上。word family2(教材p42)to add to the virtual world of realcine, the headsets even have small openings that give out smells to match the environment.给realcine虚拟世界锦上添花的是，耳机上甚至还有一些小孔，可以释放出与环境相匹配的气味。add to使增加，使增强，使扩大add . to .把加到上add up 合计，把加起来add up to 加起来是；相当于i write for no other purpose than to add to the beauty that now belongs to me.我写作没有别的目的只是为了增加自身的美。shall i add_your_name_to the list?我可以把你的名字加到名单里吗？add_up your scores and see how many points you get.累加你的分数，看你能得多少分。give out发出，放出(光、热等)；分发，散发；用完，耗尽give in让步；屈服；上交give up 放弃give away 出卖；泄露；颁发give off 发出(光、热、气味等)give back 还给the sun gives out a lot of heat in the daytime.太阳在白天发出大量的热。he told me that he had given_up smoking.他告诉我他已经戒烟了。she asked me not to give_away the secret.她要求我不要泄露这个秘密。please give your booksin after class.下课后把你们的书本交上来。3(教材p43)this encouraged him to become more confidentaround others.这鼓励了他在周围人面前变得更加自信。confident adj.自信的；肯定的，有把握的(1)be/feel confident about .对自信/有信心对有把握(2)confidence n. 自信心，自信have/lack confidence in . 对有/缺乏信心tom was confident of/about his ability to get a good job for himself.汤姆自信有能力为自己找到一份好工作。he is quite confident that he will pass the examination.he is_quite_confident_of passing the examination.他很有信心通过考试。she has greatconfidence in her success.她充分相信自己能成功。4(教材p43)an argument has beenput forward that some users will be disappointed by realcine because vr is not real.有人提出不同意见，认为一些用户可能会对realcine失望，因为虚拟现实毕竟不是真实的。put forward提出(建议、计划等)，提议；推荐，提名；把指针向前拨；把提前put aside放在一边，储存，保留put away 将收起；把放回原处；攒钱put off 延期put out 扑灭；生产put through 接通电话put up 举起；建造put up with 忍受he rejected all the proposals put forward by the committee.他拒绝了委员会提出的所有建议。we put_him_forward for the position of referee.我们推举他当裁判。the plant puts_out 600 new cars a week.这个工厂每周生产600辆新汽车。could youput me through to the manager please?请帮我找经理接一下电话好吗？disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的(1)be disappointed at/by/in/with . 对失望be disappointed to do sth. 因做某事而失望be disappointed that . 对失望(2)disappoint vt.使失望/沮丧disappointing adj. 令人失望的disappointment n. 失望，沮丧to ones disappointment 令人失望的是are you very disappointed at/by/in/with losing the game?你对比赛输了感到非常失望吗？i was disappointed to_hear that the game had been cancelled.听到取消这场比赛的消息我很失望。to_our_great_disappointment,_it rained on the day of the picnic.使我们大失所望的是，野餐那天下起雨来了。5(教材p43)in reality, he is disabled and can no longer walk, but he was able to see and touch a lion while still in the convenience of the vr studio.在现实中，他因为残疾已经不能走路，但是借助vr工作室里设备的便利，他能够看见并且触摸一头狮子。convenience nu方便，便利c便利的设施或用具(1)for convenience为了方便起见at ones convenience 在某人方便的时候(2)convenient adj. 方便的，便利的be convenient for/to 对是方便的it is convenient for sb. to do sth.某人方便做某事we bought this house for convenience; its near the shops and the railway station.为了方便起见，我们买了这栋房子，它靠近商店和火车站。if you feel that i am suited for the job, please inform me of the time of an interview at_your_convenience.如果你认为我适合这项工作，请在你方便的时候通知我面试时间。will it be convenient for you to_come in the morning?你上午方便来吗？名师指津convenient作表语时，不可用人作主语，而要用物作主语或用it作形式主语。如“当你方便的时候”应翻译成when it is convenient for/to you，而不是when you are convenient。6(教材p43)for example, firefighters could use realcine to train safely, without the risk of gettinginjured in a burning building.例如，消防队员可以利用realcine技术安全地进行训练，而不必冒着在燃烧的大楼里受伤的危险。injure vt.损害，伤害(1)injury n伤；伤口；伤害do sb. an injury do an injury to sb.使某人受伤害(2)injured adj. 受伤的the injured 受伤者，伤员three people were badly injured in the accident, including a 12yearold girl.这次事故中有三人严重受伤，其中包括一个12岁的女孩。she was taken to hospital with serious headinjuries.她因头部重伤被送往医院了。dont lift that toolbox youll do_yourself_an_injury!别搬那个工具箱，会砸着你自己的！many of the_injured are still in a serious condition.许多伤员的状况仍然很严重。辨析比较injure, harm, hurt, woundinjure“使受伤；伤害”，尤其指在事故中受到的伤害harm“危害；使受伤害”，常用于抽象事物hurt“弄痛；使受伤”，可指肉体上，更多用于感情上的伤害wound“伤害；使受伤”，主要指用枪、刀、剑等武器对身体造成创伤选择上述单词填空i was deeply hurt by the way she just ignored me.it wouldnt do her any harm to work a bit harder.two people were injured when the car hit the bus.the bullet wounded his arm at the war.7(教材p45)this may be true in the long term. however, the cost of building a vr studio is quite high, and this seems like a real disadvantage.从长远来说，这可能是真实的。但建一个vr工作室的费用相当高，这似乎是个真正的缺点。disadvantage n缺点；不利因素，障碍(1)at a disadvantage处于不利地位put sb. at a disadvantage 使某人处于不利地位(2)advantage n. 优势，优点，好处take advantage of 乘机利用；欺骗(be) to ones advantage/disadvantage对有利/不利have/gain/win an advantage over sb.胜过某人the present situationputs us at a serious disadvantage.目前的形势使我们处于严重不利的地位。she took_advantage_of the childrens absence to tidy their rooms.她趁孩子们不在时收拾了他们的房间。men usually have_an_advantage_over women when hunting for jobs.找工作时，男性通常比女性有优势。what he said was to_your_advantage.他所说的话对你有利。.单项填空1im _ that many readers are favourably impressed with your writings.aconfirmedbconfidentcindifferent dconfused解析：选b句意：我有信心许多读者都对你的作品印象非常好。由语境可知“我有信心(be confident)许多读者”。confirmed“被证实的，习惯的”；indifferent“冷漠的”；confused“困惑的”。2the engine of the car went out of order and the bad weather _ the helplessness of the driver.aresulted in badded up tocadded to dresulted from解析：选c句意：汽车的发动机出现了故障，恶劣的天气更增加了司机的无助。由语境可知恶劣的天气增加(add to)了司机的无助。result in“导致”；add up to“总共有，加起来是”；result from“因为，起因于”。3you should take _ of this opportunity and try to make a good impression on them.acare badvantageccharge dplace解析：选b句意：你应该利用这次机会并且尽量给他们留下一个好印象。take advantage of“利用”，其余三项均不符合句意。4women should share the same rights with men according to the law, but _ there is great room for improvement.ain return bin realitycin turn din exchange解析：选b句意：根据法律，女士应该和男士享受同样的权利，但是事实上(in reality)这还有很大的提升空间。in return“作为报答”；in turn“依次，轮流地”；in exchange“交换”。5they were _ at the _ child, for he was so addicted to the internet that he stayed up till 12 oclock every night.adisappointed; disappointedbdisappointing; disappointingcdisappointed; disappointingddisappointing; disappointed解析：选cdisappointed“失望的”；disappointing“使人失望的，沮丧的，令人扫兴的，使人不痛快的”。由句意可知c项正确。6there are 30 people _ in the traffic accident but the injured _ rescued at once.ainjure; were binjuring; wascinjure; was dinjured; were解析：选d句意：在这次交通事故中有30人受伤，但伤员马上得到了援救。injured是过去分词短语作定语，相当于who were injured; the injured指一类人，谓语动词用复数形式。7most people didnt accept the theory when it was first _.aset about bset offcput forward dput out解析：选cset about“着手”；set off“出发”；put forward“提出”；put out“扑灭”。由句意“当这个理论最初被提出时，大多数人不接受”可知选put forward。8our teacher always gives us two or three tips before _ the answers.agiving up bgiving awaycgiving in dgiving off解析：选b这里用give away表示“泄露”。a项意为“放弃”；c项意为“屈服，让步”；d项意为“发出，放出(光、热等)”。.选词填空put forward， take advantage of， add to， be disappointed at， be confident about， give out， for convenience， in reality1she took_advantage_of the summer holiday to learn music.2the gas gave_out an unpleasant smell and all of them had to cover their noses.3she put_forward a proposal which shocked the people present.4the heavy rain added_to the difficulty in rescuing the buried people.5for_convenience,_the two groups have been treated as one in this report.6we thought he was serious but in_reality he was playing a trick on us.7the mother is_disappointed_at her sons failure in the examination.8the publisher is_confident_about the magazines success.1. he or she will enjoy a feeling of happiness and a sense of achievement upon reaching the top.到达顶峰时，他或她将会享受到一种愉悦感和成就感。(1)uponprep.“在后立即，一就”，其后应接名词或动名词，不接句子，可与on互换。upon hearingthe news of the air attack most people headed for the border.一听到空袭的消息，大多数人便前往边境。upon_returning/his_return from beijing, he began his research work.他一从北京回来就开始了他的研究工作。(2)表示“一就”的常用词(组)有：directly/instantly, as soon as, immediately/hardly . when ., no sooner . than ., the moment/minute/second/instant等。hardly had i got home when_i_fell_ill.我一到家就病倒了。no sooner had_i_arrived_at_school_than it began to rain.我刚到学校就下起了雨。he said hed phone you the moment he got home.他说他一到家就给你打电话。名师点津当hardly, no sooner位于句首时，它们所在的句子要使用部分倒装。2in scientific studiesit has been shown that vr can be a good treatment for people who have social problems.科学研究表明，虚拟现实可以为有社交障碍的人提供一种好的治疗。it has been shown that .是“itbe过去分词that .”句型。该句型的分析如下：(1)句型框架：it是形式主语，that从句是真正的主语(2)常用过去分词：said, thought, reported, believed, hoped, suggested等(3)句型转换：该句型大多可转换为“sb./sth.be过去分词to do”(hoped和suggested除外)it is hoped that the number of deer will increase soon.人们希望鹿的数量会很快增加。it is believed thatlydia never tells lies.lydia is believed never to_tell lies.我们相信莉迪娅绝不说谎。it_is_said_that he is studying abroad.he is said to be studying abroad.据说他正在国外学习。it is thought that the three foreigners have travelled a lot.the three foreigners are thought to have_travelled a lot.人们认为这三名外国游客周游过很多地方。名师点津在“sb./sth.be过去分词to do”结构中，不定式可根据语境用进行式(不定式动作正在进行)或完成式(不定式动作发生在谓语动作之前)。完成句子1据报纸报道，这两个国家之间的谈话正取得进展。it_is_reported_in_the_newspaper_that talks between the two countries are making progress.2他一看到我，就微笑着朝我走来。on_seeing_me,_he walked up to me, smiling.3一看到这张聚会照片，她就陷入了对过去的美好回忆中。no_sooner_had_she_seen the gettogether photo than she got lost in the old sweet memories.4已经证明你的计划是实用的。it_has_been_proved_that your plan is practical.串点成篇微表达我总是学不好理科，这增添了(add to)我父母的担忧。我向我的物理老师求助，他给我提出了(put forward)一些关于如何学好理科的建议。他鼓励我不要丧失信心(lose confidence)，并告诉我从长远来看(in the long term)，努力学习终有回报。为了考上大学，我下定决心努力学习。上周我获得了物理竞赛一等奖。不仅我的物理老师对我的进步很满意，我的父母也为我感到骄傲(not only . but also .)。i was always weak in the science subjects, which added to my parents worry. so i turned to my physics teacher for help and he put forward some suggestions on how to learn the science subjects well. he encouraged me not to lose confidence and told me that hard work was sure to pay off in the long term. i was determined to study hard in order to go to college. last week i won the first prize in the physics competition. not only was my physics teacher satisfied with my progress, but my parents were also proud of me.一、打牢语言基础，基稳才能楼高.单词拼写1i dont like to live in the neighbourhood (邻近的地方) of an airport its too noisy there.2the museum has only one main entrance so it will be easy to secure (使安全) the paintings against thieves.3all of us should care more about the disabled (有残疾的) and give them as much help as we can.4three people were killed and five injured (受伤) in the crash.5the famous director is preparing to make an adventure film with one of the biggest hollywood studios (工作室)6i hope my lack of experience wont be to my disadvantage (不利因素，障碍)7the reality (现实) is that young people will not go into teaching unless salaries are higher.8adam always plays an active part in volunteer activities while peter tends to play a more passive (被动的) role.9my grandparents have become tired of urban (城市的) life and are considering spending the rest of their life in the countryside.10scott is quite confident (自信的) that there will be no problems in achieving this project on time.单项填空1she was confident _ her becoming popular with the students.aofbtocfor din解析：选a句意：她确信她能受学生欢迎。be confident of“对充满信心”，为习惯搭配。2_ is known to us all, good friends _ happiness and value to our life.ait; add bas; add upcit; add up das; add解析：选d由句中逗号可知，该句为定语从句，故用as; add . to .“把增加到上”；add up“加起来”。故选d。3the _ look on his face suggested he was _.adisappointing; disappointedbdisappointed; disappointingcdisappointing; disappointingddisappointed; disappointed解析：选d句意：他脸上失望的表情表明他很失望。用ed形式的形容词修饰look, face, voice等，表示主语(人)感到怎么样也用ed形式的形容词。所以答案为d。4the computer was used in teaching.as a result, not only _， but students became more interested in the lessons.asaved was teachers energybwas teachers energy savedcteachers energy was saveddwas saved teachers energy解析：选b在not only .but also .句型中，当not only置于第一个分句句首时，第一个分句要用部分倒装语序。又因为第一个分句为被动句，因此答案为b项。5the accident caused some _ to my car, but its nothing serious.aharm binjurycruin ddamage解析：选d句意：这场事故给我的车造成了一些损坏，但问题不严重。根据短语搭配cause some damage to .“对造成一些损坏”，选d项。harm“伤害，损害”，常用于do harm to短语中；injury“伤害”，常用于对人身体的伤害；ruin“毁灭”。6we all agreed to the plan he _ at the meeting.ahas put forward bhad put upchad put forward dput out解析：选c从agreed判断后面的定语从句应使用过去完成时。put forward意为“提出，提议”，符合语境。7i had hardly got to the office _ my wife phoned me to go back home at once.awhen bthancuntil dafter解析：选a句意：我刚到办公室，我妻子就打电话叫我立刻回家。had hardly done something when .为常用固定句型。8he appears careless, but _， he is a very careful person.ain all bin realitycin return din a word解析：选b句意：他看起来很粗心，但事实上，他是一个非常细心的人。in reality意为“事实上”，相当于in fact。in all“总计”；in return“作为回报”；in a word“总之”。9what shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has _？agiven out bput outcheld up dused up解析：选a句意：一旦地球上的石油全部用完，我们将用什么作为能源？give out和use up都有“用光，用尽”的意思，give out后不能接宾语，而use up后必须接宾语。put out“扑灭”；hold up“兴起；停顿”。10this company has just invented a new kind of machine and they are going to hold a(n) _ about it next week.aintroduction bpresentationcinstruction dconstruction解析：选b句意：这家公司刚发明了一种新型机器并且将要在下个星期举行关于这台机器的展示会。a.介绍；b.