乔布斯,英文笔记,2013.3.13.docx

2013.3.13But by the early 1970s a shift was under way. “Computing went from being dismissed as a tool of bureaucratic control to being embraced as a symbol of individual expression and liberation,” John Markoff wrote in his study of the countercultures convergence with the computer industry, What the Dormouse Said. It was an ethos lyrically expressed in Richard Brautigans 1967 poem, “All Watched Over by Machines of Loving Grace,” and the cyberdelic fusion was certified when Timothy Leary declared that personal computers had become the new LSD and years later revised his famous mantra to proclaim, “Turn on, boot up, jack in.” The musician Bono, who later became a friend of Jobs, often discussed with him why those immersed in the rock-drugs-rebel counterculture of the Bay Area ended up helping to create the personal computer industry. “The people who invented the twenty-first century were pot-smoking, sandal-wearing hippies from the West Coast like Steve, because they saw differently,” he said. “The hierarchical systems of the East Coast, England, Germany, and Japan do not encourage this different thinking. The sixties produced an anarchic mind-set that is great for imagining a world not yet in existence.” dormouse d:maus;d:maus n. 榛睡鼠复数为dormice liberation librein n. 解放，解放运动（为获得平等权利和地位的行为） embrace imbreis n. 拥抱 v. 拥抱,互相拥抱,包含 lyrically adv. 抒情诗性地 convergence knv:dns n. 汇聚,汇合点,收敛 ethos i:s n. 民族精神，道德风貌，思潮信仰 counterculture kauntklt 反传统主流文化(60和70年代在美国青少年中盛行的一种思潮) bureaucratic bjurukrtik;bjurkrtik adj. 官僚的，繁文缛节的 Timothy timi n. 梯牧草，猫尾草(牧草之一种) Timothy n. 圣经提摩太 immerse im:s vt. 浸,陷入 musician mju:zin n. 音乐家，作曲家 proclaim prkleim vt. 正式宣布, 公布, 声明, 赞扬, 显示出 mantra mntr, mn- 颂歌, 咒语(尤指四吠陀经典内作为咒文或祷告唱念的) fusion fju:n n. 融合物,结合,融合 revise rivaiz n. 校订, 修正, 再校稿 v. 校订, 修正, 校正 rebel rebl v. rbel n. 叛徒,起义者 vi. 造反,反抗,反感 adj. 造反的,反抗的,反叛者的 hierarchical hair:kikl;hair:kikl adj. 按等级划分的 anarchic n:kik adj. 无政府状态的, 无法无天的，杂乱无章的 mind-set n. 思想倾向，心态 sandal sndl;sndl n. 便鞋, 凉鞋One person who encouraged the denizens of the counterculture to make common cause with the hackers was Stewart Brand. A puckish visionary who generated fun and ideas over many decades, Brand was a participant in one of the early sixties LSD studies in Palo Alto. He joined with his fellow subject Ken Kesey to produce the acid-celebrating Trips Festival, appeared in the opening scene of Tom Wolfes The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test, and worked with Doug Engelbart to create a seminal sound-and-light presentation of new technologies called the Mother of All Demos. “Most of our generation scorned computers as the embodiment of centralized control,” Brand later noted. “But a tiny contingentlater called hackersembraced computers and set about transforming them into tools of liberation. That turned out to be the true royal road to the future.” hacker hk n. 黑客，能盗用或偷改电脑中信息的人，电脑高手 seminal seminl adj. 精液的, 种子的, 生殖的，创新的，有创意的 participant p:tisipnt adj. 参与的 n. 参加者,参与者 festival festvl adj. 节日的,喜庆的,快乐的 n. 节日,庆祝及祭祀,欢宴 visionary vinri adj. 幻影的, 幻想的,有远见卓识的 n. 空想家, 梦想者，预言家 denizen denizn n. 居民，栖息者，外籍居民，外来动植物，老主顾 puckish pki adj. 爱恶作剧的，精灵似的，淘气的，顽皮的 Centralize sntrlaiz;sentrlaiz v. (使)集聚, (使)集中 embodiment imbdimnt n. 化身, 体现 contingent kntindnt adj. 或许会或不会发生的,附随的,暂时的 n. 偶然的事情,份儿,分遣队 demo demu n. 示威, 样本唱片 royal ril adj. 王室的,盛大的,极度的 n. 贵族,顶帆 scorn sk:n n. 轻蔑, 被叱责的人 v. 轻蔑, 不屑做 presentation prezentein n. 陈述, 介绍, 赠与 n. 美讲课, 报告Brand ran the Whole Earth Truck Store, which began as a roving truck that sold useful tools and educational materials, and in 1968 he decided to extend its reach with the Whole Earth Catalog. On its first cover was the famous picture of Earth taken from space; its subtitle was “Access to Tools.” The underlying philosophy was that technology could be our friend. Brand wrote on the first page of the first edition, “A realm of intimate, personal power is developingpower of the individual to conduct his own education, find his own inspiration, shape his own environment, and share his adventure with whoever is interested. Tools that aid this process are sought and promoted by the Whole Earth Catalog.” Buckminster Fuller followed with a poem that began: “I see God in the instruments and mechanisms that work reliably.” realm relm n. 王国,领域 intimate intimt adj. 亲密的,私人的,秘密的 n. 密友 vt. 透露,暗示 philosophy filsfi n. 哲学,哲理 underlying ndlaii adj. 在下面的, 基本的, 隐含的 truck trk n. 卡车,对.进行交易,来往,实物工资 vt.对.进行交易,交往,以卡车运输 vi.驾驶卡车,