2012大学四级模拟题.doc

大学英语四级考试模拟试卷(五)Part WritingDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled Cheating on Campus. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1在大学里存在着考试作弊的现象；2你是怎么看待这一现象的；3如何才能制止这种现象。Part Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.How Should You Build Up Your VocabularyExactly what do you do during a normal day? How do you spend your time? Paul T. Rankin very much wanted an answer to that question. To get it, he asked sixty-eight individuals to keep an accurate, detailed record of what they did every minute of their waking hours. When he consolidated (巩固) his findings, he discovered that the average individual spent 70 percent of his waking time doing one thing only-communication. That meant either reading, writing, speaking or listening.Put that evidence alongside of the research findings uncovered by the Human Engineering Laboratories. In exploring aptitudes and careers involving, among other things, data from 30,000 vocabulary tests given yearly, they discovered that big incomes and big vocabularies go together. Vocabulary, more than any other factor yet known, predicts financial success.And it all fits. Each word you add to your vocabulary makes you a better reader, writer, speaker and listener. Furthermore, linguistic scientists are quick to point out that we actually think with words. If that is so, new words make us better thinkers as well as communicators. No wonder more words are likely to mean more money. What better reason for beginning right now to extend your vocabulary?Take reading. What exactly do you read? Common sense says you read words. Research confirms that fact. Vocabulary in context contributes 39 percent to comprehension. Thats more than any other factor isolated and studied-even more than intelligence. And word discrimination contributes more to speed of reading than any other factor-28 percent. In short, your efforts to improve vocabulary will payoff in both comprehension and speed.Suppose, as youre reading along, you lumtebs across a strange word. Did you find yourself stopping for a closer look at lumtebs? Pardon the spelling slip. Thats actually the word stumble (偶然发现). The letter just got mixed around. Obviously you now know that strange words do slow you down-or even stop you completely. Furthermore, strange words hinder (妨碍) comprehension. Which is easier to understand, eschew garrulity or avoiding talking too much?What you need is a vital, dynamic approach to vocabulary building. Hybrid (混合种) corn combines the best qualities of several varieties to ensure maximum productivity. A hybrid approach to vocabulary should, in the same way, ensure maximum results. Thats why you should use the CPD formula.Through ContextWhen students in a college class were asked what should be done when they came across an unknown word in their reading, 84 percent said, Look it up in the dictionary. If you do, however, you short-circuit the very mental processes needed to make your efforts most productive.But theres another reason. Suppose someone asks you what the word fast means. You answer, speedy or swift. But does it mean that in such contexts as fast color, fast woman, or fast friend ? And if a horse is fast, is it securely tied or galloping (飞驰) at top speed? It could be either. It all depends. On the dictionary? No, on context-on how the word is actually used. After all, there are over twenty different meanings for fast in the dictionary. But the dictionary doesnt tell you which meaning is intended. Thats why it makes such good sense to begin with context.Through Word PartsNow for the next step. Often unfamiliar words contain one or more parts, which, if recognized, provide definite help with meaning. Suppose you read that someone had a predilection for reading mysteries. The context certainly isnt too helpful. But do you see a prefix, suffix or root that you know? Well. theres the familiar prefix pre-, meaning before. Look back at the context and try inserting before. Reading mysteries apparently comes before other kinds of reading. Yes, a pre-dilection-or preference-is something put before something else.Or take the word monolithic. Try to isolate the parts. There is the prefix mono-, meaning one , and the root lith, meaning stone . Finally, theres the suffix -ic, meaning consisting of. Those three parts add up to this definition: consisting of one stone.To speed up your use of word parts, you will be introduced to the fourteen most important words in the English language. The prefix and root elements in those few words are found in over 14,000 words of desk dictionary size. With those amazingly useful shortcuts, you can build vocabulary, not a snails pace, one word at a time, but in giant strides, up to a thousand words at a time.Your second step, then, is to look for familiar word parts. If they do not give you exact meanings, they should at least bring you much closer.Through the DictionaryNow you can see why you should consult the dictionary last, not first. Youve looked carefully at the context. Youve looked for familiar word parts. Now you play Sherlock Holmes-an exciting role. You hypothesize. In light of context or word parts, you try to solve a mystery. What exactly does that strange word mean? Only after you go through the mental gymnastics to come up with a tentative definition should you open the dictionary to see if youre right.After all, those first two steps or approaches spark a stronger than usual interest in that dictionary definition. Youre now personally involved. Did you figure out the word meaning? Your heightened interest will lead to a better memory of both word and meaning. It also encourages your development of the habits needed to accelerate your progress. And when you see in black and white the definition you had expected, what a feeling of accomplishment is yours. In that way, the CPD Formula provides the exact dynamic interplay of approaches for maximum effectiveness.Well, there it is, your new formula-Context, Parts, Dictionary. Use it ! The exercises that follow will give you specific, step-by-step help in sharpening your awareness of contextual clues, learning the most useful word parts, and using the dictionary with increased accuracy and ease. The results will be like the money in the bank.1. Whats the purpose of this article?A) To teach readers how to enlarge their vocabulary.B) To explain the meaning of the CPD formula.C) To introduce some research findings on communication.D) To encourage readers to throw their dictionaries away.2. What did Paul T. Rankin find about the average individual?A) He spends more time in his life speaking than reading.B) He spends most of his waking hours on communication.C) He does routine work at a relatively fixed time of the day.D) He stays awake for seventy percent of his life time.3. What did the research findings of the Human Engineering Laboratories show?A) Leaders tend to have large vocabularies.B) Average people can grasp 30 000 words easily.C) Incomes and vocabularies are closely related.D) People actually think with words.4. _ is the most important factor in reading comprehension.A) Intelligence B) Word discrimination C) Reading skill D) Vocabulary in context5. The author highly recommends that we determine the exact meaning of a word through _.A) context B) word parts C) the dictionary D) asking authorities6. Whats the advantage of grasping word parts?A) One can create new words by himself. B) One can establish self-confidence.C) One can get the exact meaning of a word. D) One can build vocabulary rapidly.7. When does the author suggest that one open the dictionary?A) After he has figured out the word meaning.B) After he has a tentative definition of a word.C) When he doesnt know how to spell a word.D) When he cant solve the mystery through context.8. If one has a larger vocabulary, he or she will be a better thinker and a better _.9. Just like Hybrid corn, the CPD formula should also ensure _.10. By using context and word parts, readers heightened interest will lead to _.Part Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the bestanswer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11. A) Shes a poor student. B) She shouldnt worry about her grades.C) She doesnt like to talk about her grades. D) She hasnt got her grades yet.12. A) The woman should buy some Jewelry instead.B) The woman should buy a battery from the Smiths Jewelry.C) He knows whats wrong with the womans watch.D) The jewelry store can probably repair the womans watch.13. A) Looking for a timetable. B) Buying some furniture.C) Reserving a table. D) Window shopping.14. A) He will definitely come. B) He cant accept such generosity.C) He is too busy. D) He will be out of town this weekend.15. A) Jims grades were too poor to get a scholarship.B) Jim would have got a scholarship if his math grades had been better.C) Jims math was poor since he doesnt know how to measure.D) Jims math grades sharply go down this time.16. A) A plumber. B) A salesman.C) An electrician. D) A telephone repairman.17. A) She didnt like the CDs the man bought.B) There wasnt a large selection at the CD store.C) The man bought a lot of CDs.D) She wanted to see what the man bought.18. A) Policeman and driver. B) Teacher and pupil.C) Policeman and thief. D) Director and actress.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) Because her parents love her very much.B) Because her parents never force her to do anything she doesnt want to do.C) Because she is allowed to have her career.D) Because she has too much freedom.20. A) She didnt need her parents money any more.B) She begins to get on well with her parents.C) She always stayed with her parents.D) She rented a government house and lived alone.21. A) They allowed him to come to England immediately.B) They thought he should go abroad as a child.C) They were reluctant until their son persuaded them.D) They tried to control his English study.22. A) The two speakers are from different counties.B) The man gets along very well with his parents.C) British parents never interfere with their children.D) The man doesnt like his parents at all.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. A) He failed in a power test yesterday.B) He never expected himself to be happy.C) It was because of his fathers foot.D) He missed about 30 minutes of a program.24. A) His mothers use of the washing machine.B) His fathers turning on the microwave oven.C) His long hours of watching TV.D) The switch on of two air-conditioners.25. A) Not use any electric appliances any more.B) Take part in a basketball final.C) Ask his neighbor to check the power.D) Watch a ball game on television.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26. A) 90. B) 108. C) 180. D) 668.27. A) Englands footballer of the year.B) A soccer coach in West Germany.C) Wild celebrations of goals.D) A member of the Order of the British Empire.28. A) Editing Sunday Sport. B) Working for Capital Radio.C) Managing professional soccer teams. D) Developing a sports marketing company.Passage TwoQuestions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. A) To be used as rooms. B) To help find life after death.C) To remember the important workers. D) To communicate with others in the sky.30. A) It remains unknown yet. B) Around five thousand years ago.C) About two million years ago. D) About three hundred thousand years ago.31. A) It took 100000 men twenty years to finish building it.B) It has a history of over 5000 years.C) Its made of 230000 stones and is 140 meters high.D) The treasures that used to be in it are now in museums.Passage ThreeQuestions 32 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32. A) The Tower of London. B) The Tower Bridge in London.C) The Thames. D) The tall and old warehouses.33. A) The tall buildings. B) The old buildings.C) The warehouses. D) The Tower of London.34. A) In 1890. B) In 1850.C) A hundred years ago. D) A thousand years ago.35. A) It looks like a modem bridge. B) It doesnt look like the Tower of London.C) It is a modern bridge. D) It is much older than the Tower of London.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Transport is one of the aids to trade. By moving goods from places where they are plentiful to places where they are (36) , transport adds to their value. The more easily goods can be brought over the distance that (37) producer and consumer, the better for trade.The great (38) made in transport during the last two hundred years were (39) by a big increase in trade. Quicker transport makes possible mass-production and big business, (40) supplies from, and selling goods to, all parts of the (41). Big factories could not (42) without transport to carry the large number of workers they need to and from their homes. Big city stores could not have developed unless customers could travel easily from the (43) and goods delivered to their homes. (44) .Transport also prevents waste. Much of the fish landed at the ports would be wasted if it could not be taken quickly to inland towns. (45) . Foods which at one time could be obtained only during a part of the year can now be obtained all through the year. Transport has raised the standard of living.(46) . Means of communication send information about prices, supplies, and changing conditions in different parts of the world. In this way, advanced communication systems also help to develop trade.Part Reading Comprehension ( Reading in Depth)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with as ingle line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.To call something marginal means it is not very good. Farmers have their own way to (47) marginal land: It is the last to be planted under good conditions, and has the (48) to be avoided under poor conditions. Low (49) soil is not the only reason land could be considered marginal. It might be in an area where rainfall is (50) or where a hillside might rise too steeply(陡峭地).There are uses for marginal land, however. Most often it is used as grassland. Grasses provide excellent (51) for grazing (吃草) animals like cattle, sheep and goats. Grass seed can be bought from a foreign supplier or (52) grasses can be used. However, using marginal land for grazing is not a simple issue. There is a (53) of overgrazing. Cattle can damage the crops by eating down to the roots. Also, the weight of the animals crushes the soft and can make it too hard for growing. A(n) (54) way to reduce the harm is to move animals from one field to another. This method is known as rotational grazing (循环放牧) which is extremely important for marginal land.Another use for marginal land is for tree crops. Studies have (55) that the white pine and loblolly pine (火炬松) are two kinds of trees that grow well on such land. They grow fast and provide good quality wood. Another tree is the poplar (白杨), found in many parts of the world.Failure to take the care needed to protect marginal lands can make a bad situation worse. But good planning can 56 a marginal resource into a highly productive one.A) feed B) priority C) transplant D) effectiveE) limited F) define G) adequate H) transformI) discouraging J) quality K) native L) revealedM) prejudice N) hazard O) recoveredSection BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there