新世纪大学英语综合教程n2-unit3.doc

Teaching planUnit Three-The Road to Success I. Teaching Objectives1. To make clear the writers purpose of writing the text and the ideas that one must learn to struggle in the shadowland of dreams in order to become successful.2. To grasp the key words, phrases and structure.3. To master the skills of writing and reading in this unit. 1) Develop the students ability to write an essay on a certain topic by listing out their own reasons or experiences. 2) Pay attention to the continual change of the verbs tenses in this text. II. Teaching Content1. Warm-up Activity2. Text Organization3. Skill Learning in Writing and Reading4. Language Points (key words, phrases and difficult sentences)5. Grammar Focus (the sequence of the verb tenses) 6. Guided Practice (exercises, oral practice and group work)7. Summary8. After-Class AssignmentsIII. Teaching Process 1. Warm-up Activity 1) DiscussionWhat is a successful person like according to your understanding of success? What is your lifetime dream? How are you going to realize your dream? What do you think the sentence “Success is the ability to go from failure to failure without losing your enthusiasm?”2) Questions about text A What is the definition of being successful? Skim the background information on p. 65 to find out whats the authors personal opinion about this question. What do you think? And give your reasons.3) Presenting the text by summing up the discussion. In this text, the author describes his own experience how he has tried his best to become a real, successful writer. According to the author, anyone with a dream should “live in the Shadowland” first, and it takes courage and persistence to stay the course. Only those who are determined to keep on trying can have the chance to succeed. 4) Text-related Information Alex Palmer Haley (1921-1992): American biographer, scriptwriter and author. He was famous for his novel Roots, which encouraged many African Americans to find out more about their own family origins.Coast Guard: a naval or police organization that watches from the coast for ships in danger and attempts to prevent unlawful activities at sea.5) QuotesAlways bear in mind that your own resolution to succeed is more important than any one thing.Abraham LincolnSuccess usually comes to those who are too busy to be looking for it.Henry David ThoreauSelf-trust is the first secret of success.Ralph Waldo EmersonSuccess is the ability to go from failure to failure without losing your enthusiasm.Winston ChurchillTry not to become a man of success but rather to become a man of value.Albert Einstein2. Text OrganizationPart I (Para.1-2) Alex Haley explains the difference between “being a writer” and “writing”.Part II（Para 3-18) The author tells about his struggle to stick to his dream of writing and his final success.Part II（Para 19-22）The author owes his success to his courage and persistence in pursuing his dream of writing. 3. Skill learning in writing and reading1) Reading skill: This text is based on the authors own experience. When he tells his story, he continually changes the verb tense for the consistence of the narration. In the course of reading, Ss learn to grasp the flow of the authors thoughts and feelings. 2) Writing skill: In this unit, the students may learn to write a short narrative essay on a given topic. Everyone must have his or her own opinion about the topic, and then just express it boldly. Lastly, Ss can exchange their ideas with each other.4. Language Points1) (para.1) many a: (fml.) a large number of sth. or sb., lots of e.g. Many a scientists has to work long hours alone in the laboratory and sacrifice a great deal in his or her personal life.Many a parent has had to go through this same painful process.2) (para.2) For every writer kissed by fortune, there are thousands more whose longing is never rewarded. Paraphrase-Compared with those lucky writers who have become famous, thousands of people who devote themselves to writing are never given recognition as successful writers.reward: (v.) give sth. to sb. because they have done sth. good, worked hard, etc e.g. She was rewarded for all the hard work she did. The team have worked hard and their efforts have been rewarded with success. reward: (n.) something that you get because you have done something good or helpful or have worked harde.g. The school has a system of rewards and punishments to encourage good behavior.3) (para.3) neglect: (v.) give too little attention or care to e.g. She smoked and drank, neglected the children, and left the clothes unmended. The building has been badly neglected. neglect: (n.) the state of being neglected e.g. The house has fallen into a state of neglect. 4) (para.4) putto the test-force (sb. or sth.) into a difficult situation in order to discover what the limits of their strength, skills, etc. are. e.g. Kathys students are putting her patience to test.5) (para.5)a kind of siren call tempting me to give up my dream. Paraphrase-a call that is like the singing of siren urging me to drop my dream. siren voices / song / call-the temptation to do something that seems very attractive but that will have bad results. “siren call” comes from ancient Greek literature, which tells a story about a woman-like creature whose sweet singing charmed sailors and caused the wreck of their ships.6) (para.5) He had once lent me a few bucks and liked to egg me about it. Paraphrase-He had once lent me several dollars and often reminded me of the matter. egg sb. about sth.-it is a slangy expression, meaning “to annoyingly remind sb. of sth.”7) (para.6) Next time I make a sale-next time when I could sell a piece of works, I will pay you back. 8) (para.8) Whats more, I could write on the side. Paraphrase-More importantly, I could take writing as a part-time job. on the side-in addition to ones main job e.g. The bus driver is taking some part-job work on the side.9) (para.9) As the dollars were dancing in my head, something cleared my sense. Paraphrase-As I was being tempted by the good pay offered by my old acquaintance, I suddenly remembered my purpose of giving up the post as a Coast Guard my dream was to be a writer.10) (para.9) From deep inside a bull-headed resolution welled up. Paraphrase-Deep in my heart, the determination of going my own way became stronger and stronger. bull-headed-often derog (of a person) going determinedly but stupidly, or thoughtlessly after what one wants. e.g. A bull-headed guy who needs everything his way or its the highway, isnt ready for the compromise thats naturally part of a mature relationship.well: (vi.) (of liquid) flow or start to flow outit is often followed by up or out e.g. She groaned, as hot tears welled out and wetted her face.11) (para.10) Theres everything youve made of yourself so far. Paraphrase-The two cans of sardines and 18 cents are all you have. 12) (para.13)a struggling restaurant. Paraphrase-a restaurant that has few customers and is about to close down.13) (para.13) Rumor has it (that) -people are saying e.g. Rumor has it that well have a new manager soon.14) (para.14) make sacrifices-lose or give up sth. of value, esp. for what is believed to be a good purpose e.g. I know that many of your parents have made big sacrifices to get you through to this point.15) (para.15) As I absorbed the lesson, I gradually began to sell my articles. Paraphrase-As I became aware of what it meant to live in the Shadowland, I gradually started to sell my articles. absorb: (vt.) to read or hear a large amount of new information and understand it e.g. Her capacity to absorb information is amazing.16) (para.15) draw back-go back; to move backwards, especially because you are frightened or surprised: e.g. Deeper water may ever be drawn back toward the surface of the ground by capillarity . 17) (para.17) It was a long, slow climb out of the shadow. Paraphrase-It was a long and hard process before I struggled out of the Shadowland.18) (para.17) The shadows had turned into dazzling limelight. Paraphrase-I obtained success and became the centre of public attention. dazzle: (vt.) make unable to see because of a sudden very strong light shining in the eyes. e.g. The lost deer was dazzled by the headlights from the street opposite.18) (para.18) For the first time I had money and open doors everywhere. Paraphrase-For the first time I had a lot of opportunities.19) (para.18) It was a confusing, exciting time Here, the reason why the author using confusing, exciting to describe his experience after he became famous is that he then became very busy meeting new friends, making new deals and helping make the Roots TV mini-series. That is to say, with fame came more responsibilities.20) (para.21) Id be hard pressed to say which means the most to me. Paraphrase-I would find it difficult to tell which item is the most important one for me. Press: (v.) urge strongly e.g. They are pressing the government for action. Be (hard) pressed to do sth. - (infml) have difficulty doing sth. e.g. Congratulations go to everyone who participated they all stayed the course and proved their worth.Cf: respectful, respectable & respective respectful feeling or showing respecte.g. Be respectful to your superiors, if you have any, also to strangers, and sometimes to others.respectable: someone who is respectable behaves in a way that is considered socially acceptable: e.g. Jack is a hard-working, respectable peopleThis is a respectable familyPut a tie on - itll make you look more respectable.respective: used before a plural noun to refer to the different things that belong to each separate person or thing mentioned:e.g. We all went back to our respective homes to wait for news.The respective roles of teachers and students are different.Useful phrases and expressions in Unit 8Shadowland 阴影地带；虚幻世界having no prospects at all 前途一片渺茫putto the test 使经受考验on the side 作为兼职；暗地里bull-headed （指人）愚笨固执的，顽固stick it out 把（难事）坚持到底，忍耐到底plunge in / into （使某物）突然而猛力投入，穿入、进入等；跳入；冲进plunge in / into （使）投入（某种活动）come up with （非正式）找到；拿出；提出；想出（计划、答复等）Rumor has it (that) 传说pack up 收拾行李TV mini-series 电视连续短剧in a / one sense 在某种意义上；在一定程度上blinded by the light of my success 被成功的光环蒙蔽了双眼come across （尤指偶然）遇见，碰上；发现flood in （大量地）涌入be (hard) pressed to do sth. （非正式）处境为难，做某事有困难stay the course 坚持到底5. Grammar Focus 动词时态1) 一般现在时主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语；表示客观规律和永恒真理等。在时间和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时；常用的引导词有：时间：when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment/the minute, the day; 条件：if, unless, providede.g. He usually goes to work at 7 oclock every morning. If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon.2) 现在进行时表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动：或表感情色彩，加强语气。与频率副词，如always，constantly，continually，again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩（赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等）。e.g. We are having English class3) 现在完成时表示动作发生在过去，完成在过去，但强调与现在情况仍有联系，其结果或影响仍存在。现在完成时有一些标志性的时间状语：for + 时间段；since + 时间点e.g. They have lived in Beijing for five years.常见的不确定的时间状语：lately; recently, just, already, yet, up to now; till now; so far, these days. e.g. Has it stopped raining yet ? 表示“第几次做某事，”或在 “It is the best (worst, most interesting ) +名词 that” 后面跟现在完成时。e.g. This is my first time that I have visited China. 4) 一般过去时表在过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作，或过去习惯性动作，不强调对现在的影响，只说明过去。常跟明确的过去时间连用，如：yesterday; last week; in 1945, at that time; once; during the war; before; a few days ago; when, 注意：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替过去将来时。e.g. He promised to buy me a computer if he got a raise 5) 过去进行时表示过去某个时间点或某段时间内正在发生的动作。e.g. The boy was doing his homework when his father came back from work.6) 过去完成时表示过去某个时间之前已经完成的动作，即过去完成时的动作发生在“过去的过去”，句中有明显的参照动作或时间状语，这种时态从来不孤立使用 ( before, after, by, up till ) e.g. There had been 25 parks in our city up till 2000.用于hardly/scarcely.when; no sooner .than 句型中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。e.g. I had hardly finished my work when he came to see me.表示“第几次做某事”，主句用过去时，从句用过去完成时。e.g. That was the second time that she had seen her grandfather.动词hope, expect, think, intend, mean, want, suppose, plan 用过去完成时，表示未实现的愿望、打算和意图。e.g. I had hoped that I could do the job.7. 一般将来时表在将来某个时间会发生的动作或情况。常和tomorrow, next year, in 2008等表示将来的时间状语连用，其表现形式多达5种。e.g. Beijing will host the 29th Olympic Games in 2008.一般将来时总是用在一些时间状语从句或条件状语从句的主句中：e.g. We will begin our class as soon as the teacher comes.某些表示短暂性动作的动词如arrive, come, go, leave, start等，用现在进行时形式表示将来。e.g. I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow.8) 将来进行时表将来某个时间正在发生的动作，或按计划一定会发生的事情。e.g. Ill be doing my homework this time tomorrow. 9) 将来完成时表在将来某时刻之前业已完成的事情，时间状语非常明显。常用的时间状语一般用by+将来的时间。如：by the end of this year, by 8 oclock this evening, by March next year以及由by the time, before或when等引导的副词从句。e.g. By the end of next month, he will have traveled 1000 miles on foot.6. Guided Practice (exercises, oral practice and group work)1) Summary Ss use their own words to sum up the definition of being successful and make clear what the Shadowland of the dream is.2) Do task one (p. 75) 2) Group discussion Divide the students into several groups. Ask them to discuss on How I Can Persevere in the Shadowland of Dreams. Ask several students to share their opinions with the whole class. 7. Summary Ask Ss to retell the story in their own words.8. After-Class Assignments1) Review Text A 2) Do exercises: (P. 87-93)3) Theme-related writing (p. 94)Text B The Struggle for an Education1. Related InformationBooker T. Washington (1856-1945): US teacher whose parents had been slaves and who started the Tuskegee Institute, one of the first US colleges for the black people.2. Language Points1) creep: (vi.) move slowly, quickly, and carefully, esp. so as not to attract attention. e.g. We creep upstairs so as not to wake the baby2) establish: (vt.) set up; begin; create e.g. Most of the money will be used to establish local industries.3) worthy: (adj.) deserving respect or serious consideration e.g. She says she helps only the worthy poor.4) work out-pay (a debt) with work instead of money e.g. John ha