人教版选修七Unit 3 Under the sea reading课时作业 (1).doc

unit 3 under the sea reading课时作业阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(a、b、c和d)中，选出最佳选项。athe deep ocean plays a vital role in keeping our fishing and removing co2 from the atmosphere, as well as being home to a large number of creatures. but a new study reveals that food supplies at the seafloor in the deepest regions of the ocean could fall by up to 55% by 2100, starving the animals and microbes(微生物) that exist there, while changes in the temperature, ph and oxygen levels are also predicted to cause lots of damage to fragile ecosystems.the situation, the researchers note, is worse because of drilling for oil and gas, dumping of pollutants, fishing and the prospect of deep-sea mining. we need to wake up and start really realising that with the deep ocean, even though we cant see it.were going to be having a huge effect on the largest environment on the planet, said andrew sweetman, the co-author of the research. its pretty scary.the study describes how the team explored how oceans around the world are set to change over the 21st century. we wanted to look at how all of these combined stressors warming, raised acidification, reduced food supplies to the seafloor, deoxygenation would work together to affect the ocean, said sweetman. the results reveal that the future of the deep sea is weak.by 2100 ocean conditions will have changed obviously, with so-called bathyal depths (waters reaching roughly 200 metres to 3,000 metres in depth) in the pacific, atlantic and arctic oceans increasing in temperature by up to 4.warming oceans are expected to result in lower oxygen concentrations, with levels predicted to fall in bathyal seafloor habitats by up to 3.7%. but even small changes, said sweetman, could have a large impact, resulting in disruptions (扰乱) to fragile ecosystems that exist on the edges of regions with very low oxygen.adrian glover, an expert in deep oceans from the natural history museum in london who was not involved in the research, welcomed the study. it must be stressful, however, that actual data on changes in deep-sea ecosystems are extremely scarce, he said. while the study offers clear evidence that climate change will affect temperature, acidity, and other factors, it is still speculation(推测) as to what the influence would be on biodiversity, for example, said glover.1. what can we learn from what andrew sweetman said?a. ocean conditions will get improved.b. the deep ocean affects human life hugely.c. humans are to blame for the present ecosystems.d. the importance of the deep ocean isnt realised.2. what is adrian glovers attitude to the study?a. disapproving. b. objective.c. useless.d. perfect.3. whats the main idea of this passage?a. the deep ocean is important to humans.b. food supplies at the deep seafloor are lacking.c. the deep ocean will become warmer and warmer.d. warming and food shortage give deep-sea life a dark future.bmore than one in 10 of the uks wildlife species is threatened with extinction (灭绝) and the number of the nations most endangered creatures has fallen by two-thirds since 1970. the abundance of all wildlife has also fallen, with one in six animals, birds, fish and plants having been lost, a state of nature report found.together with historical deforestation (毁林) and industrialization, these trends have left the uk among the most nature-exhausted countries in the world, with most of the country having gone past the stage at which ecosystems may no longer reliably meet societys needs.the comprehensive scientific report, gathered by more than 50 conservation organizations, spells out the destructive impact of modern farming and climate change on habitats from farmland and hills to rivers and the coast. the fall in wildlife wasnt just all back in 70s and 80s, its still happening now, said mark eaton, at rspb and the lead author of the report. were getting more efficient in our farming. in a way its something to be celebrated how good our farming science and technology is, but it does squeeze nature out.eaton said there were good examples of wildlife and habitat recovery, but such projects were too few to turn the tide, with public funding for natures diversity having fallen by 32% from 2008 to 2015. the ability to do it is within our grasp; its just about resources and the willingness. the natural world is in serious trouble and it needs our help as never before. we continue to lose the precious wildlife that enriches our lives and is essential to the health and well-being of those who live in the uk. but the state of nature 2016 report gives us cause for hope too. landscapes are being restored, special places defended, struggling species being saved and brought back. but we need to build significantly on this progress if were to provide a bright future for nature and for people.overall, the new report found that 56% of species declined between 1970 and 2013, and 53% between 2002 and 2013. while the rest of the species were increasing, were seeing a lot of disorder, some species going up really fast and some going down equally fast. it doesnt look like a healthy, natural situation. if that carries on, you end up with just 50% left.4. how is paragraph 1 mainly developed?a. by listing figures.b. by giving examples.c. by analyzing causes.d. by making comparisons.5. what does the underlined part mean?a. modern farming must return to nature.b. modern farming makes full use of nature.c. modern farming can enrich natures diversity.d. modern farming may disturb natures balance.6. what does the last but one paragraph mainly suggest?a. endangered wildlife must be well protected.b. people should unite to fight for a bright future.c. the situation is still severe despite some progress.d. more money is needed for environmental protection.7. what is the authors purpose in writing the passage?a. to tell the british how to save wildlife species.b. to explain why more wildlife species face extinction.c. to stress the importance of protecting wildlife species.d. to introduce the current situation of britains wildlife species.参考答案a【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。随着全球变暖的程度加深以及海底食物的不足,深海生物正面临着诸多危机。2. b【解析】考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的adrian glover.welcomed the study it must be stressful, however, that actual data on changes in deep-sea ecosystems are extremely scarce while the study offers clear evidence that climate change will affect temperature, acidity, and other factors, it is still speculation(推测).可知,虽然adrian glover乐意接受这项研究(成果),但是他也指出了该研究缺乏关于深海生态系统变化的实际数据等弊端。由此可推知,他对这项研究持客观的态度。3. d【解析】考查主旨要义。通读全文,尤其是第一段的内容可知,文章从两个方面入手,即随着全球变暖程度的加深以及海底食物的不足,阐述了深海生物正面临着诸多危机。故d项对全文内容概括得最为全面和准确。b【语篇解读】现在,英国的野生生物正在面临严峻的形势,有超过十分之一的野生生物物种濒临灭绝。虽然在野生生物和栖息地恢复上已取得一定的进步,但是这些是远远不够的。4. a【解析】考查推理判断。根据第一段的内容尤其是one in 10two-thirds since 1970one in six可知,第一段主要是通过列数据的形式展开的。故选a。6. c【解析】考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段eaton所说的话尤其是there were good examples of wildlife and habitat recovery, but such projects were too few to turn the tide, with public funding for natures diversit