人教版必修三unit 2 healthy eating using language课时作业.docx

using language课时作业i. 完形填空体裁话题词数难度建议时间记叙文减肥成功，募集资金做有意义的事33117分钟阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的a、b、c和d四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。(2017天津)at my heaviest i weighed 370 pounds. i had a very poor relationship with food: i used it to _16_ bad feelings, to make myself feel better, and to celebrate. worried about my health, i tried many different kinds of 17 but nothing worked. i came to believe that i could do nothing about my 18 .when i was 50, my weight problem began to affect me 19 . i didnt want to live the rest of my life with this 20 weight any more.that year, i 21 a seminar where we were asked to create a project that would touch the world. a seminar leader shared her 22 story she had not only 125 lost pounds, but also raised $25,000 for homeless children. 23 by her story, i created the as we heal(痊愈), the world heals 24 . my goal was to lose 150 pounds in one year and raise $50,000 25 a movement founded 30 years ago to end hunger. this combination of healing myself and healing the world 26 me as the perfect solution. 27 i began my own personal weight program, i was filled with the fear that i would 28 the same difficulties that beat me before. while the 29 hung over my head, there were also signs that i was headed down the right 30 . i sent letters to everyone i knew, telling them about my project. it worked perfectly. donations began 31 in from hundreds of people.of course, i also took some practical steps to lose weight. i consulted with a physician（内科医生）, i hired a fitness coach, and i began to eat small and 32 meals. my fund-raising focus also gave me new motivation to exercise 33 .a year later, i 34 my goal: i lost 150 pounds and raised $50,000! i feel that ive been given a second life to devote to something that is 35 and enormous.16. a. add b. mix c. kill d. share17. a. diets b. drinks c. fruits d. dishes18. a. height b. ability c. wisdom d. weight19. a. temporarily b. recently c. seriously d. secretly20. a. ideal b. extra c. normal d. low21. a. attended b. organized c. recommended d. mentioned22. a. folk b. success c. adventure d. science23. a. surprised b. amused c. influenced d. disturbed24. a. project b. business c. system d. custom25. a. in search of b. in need ofc. in place of d. in support of26. a. scared b. considered c. confused d. struck27. a. as b. until c. if d. unless28. a. get over b. run intoc. look for d. put aside29. a. excitement b. joy c. anger d. fear30. a. row b. hall c. path d. street31. a. breaking b. flooding c. jumping d. stepping32. a. heavy b. full c. expensive d. healthy33. a. regularly b. limitlessly c. suddenly d. randomly34. a. set b. reached c. missed d. dropped35. a. stressful b. painful c. meaningful d. peaceful【答案】【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文，作者讲述自己减肥成功的经历。作者通过给自己制定目标，然后坚持不懈地努力去战胜困难，不仅减肥成功，而且募集了50,000美元的资金，实现了自己的既定目标。通过这次经历作者也认识到自己投入到了意义巨大的事情上。18. d 根据上文i tried many different kinds of 17 but nothing worked.可知下文是：我开始觉得我对自己的体重无能为力。a. 身高；b. 能力；c. 聪明；d. 体重。根据句意，故选d。19. c 根据上文可知作者减肥没有成功，由此可知本句为：当我五十岁时，我的体重问题严重影响了我。a. 临时地；b. 近期；c. 严重地；d. 秘密地。故选c。20. b 根据前句可知下文是：我不想我的余生带着这些额外的体重。a. 理想的；b. 额外的；c. 正常的；d. 低的。故选b。21. a 根据宾语a seminar(一个研讨班)可知，我参加了一个研讨班。a. 参加；b. 组织；c. 推荐；d. 提到。故选a。22. b 根据下文she had not only lost 125 pounds, but also raised $25,000 for homeless children.可知，研讨会的一个领导和我分享了她的成功故事。a. 民间；b. 成功；c. 探险；d. 科学。故选b。23. c 根据上文的成功故事和下文i created the as we heal(痊愈), the world heals 24 .可知，我被她的故事所影响。a. 感到惊讶；b. 感到高兴；c. 被影响；d. 被打扰。故选c。24. a 根据下文my goal was .可知，我创建了这个as we heal(痊愈), the world heals项目。a. 工程，项目；b. 生意；c. 系统；d. 风俗习惯。故选a。下文30空后的句子中的project是提示。25. d 根据上文raise $50,000可知，此处表示“为了支持三十年前为了结束饥饿而创办的一项活动”。a. 为了寻找；b. 需要；c. 代替；d. 为了支持。故选d。27. a 根据主句：i was filled with the fear.(我充满了恐惧)可知此处是“当我开始我的个人体重项目时”。a. 当的时候；b. 直到；c. 如果；d. 除非。故选a。28. b 根据上文fear和下文the same difficulties that beat me before可知，我充满了恐惧，害怕遇到以前打败 我的同样的困难。a. 克服，战胜；b. 遇到；c. 寻找；d. 把放到一边。故选b。29. d 根据上文i was filled with the fear that .可知，尽管恐惧围绕在我的脑海。a. 兴奋；b. 快乐，高兴；c. 生气；d. 恐惧。故选d。30. c 有迹象表明我正走向正确的道路。a. 排；b. 大厅；c. 路；d. 街道。故选c。31. b 根据上文it worked perfectly可知，捐款从几百人那里涌入。break in 闯入；flood in 大量涌入；jump in 跳进；step in 步入。故选b。32. d 根据上文hired a fitness coach可知，我开始每餐吃少量且健康的食物。a. 重的；b. 满的；c. 贵的；d. 健康的。故选d。33. a 根据exercise可知，我的募集资金的中心也给了我新的激励，让我定期锻炼。a. 定期地；b. 无限度地；c. 突然地；d. 随意地。故选a。34. b 根据上文第四段第二句和下文i lost 150 pounds and raised $50,000!可知，我实现了我的目标。a. 制定；b. 实现，达到；c. 错过；d. 使降低。故选b。35. c 根据上文的成功可以判断出句意为“我感觉到我被给予了第二次生命来做有意义的大事”。a. 有压力的；b. 疼痛的；c. 有意义的；d. 和平的。故选c。【名师点睛】这篇文章是记叙文，难度适中，首先要通读文章，抓住故事情节和作者想传达的中心思想，围绕主旨来解答会更有把握。本篇文章的故事内容体现了作者坚持不懈的毅力和不被困难压倒的精神。学生要抓住这个主题，而且这个主题贯穿于整篇文章中。这篇文章的一个明显特点是上下文之间的联系非常紧密。做题时把握选项含义，且要牢记上下文的关联对解题会很有帮助。做题时要结合完形填空的特点，完形填空题有的考查词语同现、词语复现，有的则是要运用逻辑推理能力。领会和掌握解题策略对提高完形填空的解题速度和准确率大有裨益。具体策略有：1. 上下文串联和语境暗示。这篇完型填空里面出现词语同现的很少，但是词语复现不少，就是指某一个词以原词、同根词、同义词、反义词等方式重复出现在语篇中，语篇中的句子通过这种复现关系实现相互衔接。这篇完型的18题和首句中的动词weighed 相对应；24题中下文明显出现了project；29题中上文出现了the fear；34题是和下文的i lost 150 pounds and raised $50,000!信息词对应的，都是属于这种类型。2. 逻辑推理。ii. 阅读理解阅读下面短文，从每题所给的a、b、c和d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。passage 1体裁话题词数难度建议时间说明文喝夜间取的牛奶有助于睡眠2504分钟 (2016四川)a warm drink of milk before bed has long been the best choice for those wanting a good nights sleep. but now a study has found it really does help people nod off if it is milked from a cow at night.researchers have discovered that night milk contains more melatonin (褪黑激素), which has been proven to help people feel sleepy and reduce anxiety.the study, by researchers from seoul, south korea, involved mice being fed with dried milk powder made from cows milked both during the day and at night.those given night milk, which contained 10 times the amount of melatonin, were less active and less anxious than those fed with the milk collected during daytime, according to the study published in the journal of medicinal food.night milk quickened the start of sleep and caused the mice to sleep longer.while the effect of cows milk harvested at different time has not been tested on humans up to now, taking melatonin drugs has been suggested to those who are struggling to fall asleep at night.previous studies have also indicated that milk can be excellent for helping sleep because of the calcium content, which helps people to relax.milk is also sugar-free and additive-free with nutritionists recommending skimmed milk as the best choice before bed as it is the least fattening. the more fat you take in before bedtime, the greater burden you will put on your body at night.32. according to the text, the mice fed with daytime milk _.a. started sleep more easilyb. were more anxiousc. were less actived. woke up later33. which of the following is true of melatonin according to the text?a. its been tested on mice for ten times.b. it can make people more energetic.c. it exists in milk in great amount.d. its used in sleeping drugs.34. what can be a suitable title for the text?a. night milk and sleepb. fat, sugar and healthc. an experiment on miced. milk drinking and health35. how does the author support the theme of the text?a. by giving examples.b. by stating arguments.c. by explaining statistical data.d. by providing research results.【答案】【语篇解读】本文是一篇研究报告，指出在夜间取自奶牛的牛奶night milk含有大量的褪黑激素，能帮助人们入睡，减少焦虑。32. b 推理判断题。根据第四段中的those given night milk, which contained 10 times the amount of melatonin, were less active and less anxious than those fed with the milk collected during daytime可推知，饮用在白天取自奶牛的牛奶的老鼠更焦虑。所以b项正确。35. d 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是根据but now a studyresearchers have discovered thatthe study, by researchers from seoul, south korea可知作者是通过提供研究结果来支撑文章的主题的。故选d。【试题分析】本试题是关于健康话题的科普说明文，通过研究告诉我们夜间产的牛奶更有助于睡眠。难度适中，科学结论清晰，易于查找。passage 2体裁话题词数难度建议时间说明文亲手制作太阳能蒸馏器3165分钟(2017新课标全国卷i) a build-it-yourself solar still（蒸馏器） is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available. developed by two doctors in the u.s. department of agriculture, its an excellent water collector. unfortunately, you must carry the necessary equipment with you, since its all but impossible to find natural substitutes. the only components required, though, are a 55 sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic, six feet of plastic tube, and a container perhaps just a drinking cup to catch the water. these pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.to construct a working still, use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep. try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catchers productivity. place your cup in the deepest part of the hole. then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up and out the side of the hole. next, cover the hole with the plastic sheet, securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheets center down with a rock. the plastic should now form a cone(圆锥体) with 45-degree-angled sides. the low point of the sheet must be centered directly over, and no more than three inches above, the cup. the solar still works by creating a greenhouse under the plastic. ground water evaporates (蒸发) and collects on the sheet until small drops of water form, run down the material and fall off into the cup. when the container is full, you can suck the refreshment out through the tube, and wont have to break down the still every time you need a drink. 32. what do we know about the solar still equipment from the first paragraph?a. its delicate. b. its expensive.c. its complex. . d. its portable.33. what does the underlined phrase the water catcher in paragraph 2 refer to?a. the tube. b. the still.c. the hole. d. the cup.34. whats the last step of constructing a working solar still?a. dig a hole of a certain size.b. put the cup in place.c. weight the sheets center down.d. cover the hole with the plastic sheet.35. when a solar still works, drops of water come into the cup from _ .a. the plastic tube b. outside the holec. the open air d. beneath the sheet【答案】【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了一种自己可以亲手制作的简单易行的太阳能蒸馏器的方法，并介绍了它的工作原理。这种蒸馏器所需的材料简单，适用于任何缺水的地方。32. d 【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句话these pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt.可知制作蒸馏器的东西可以叠放在一个小包里，系在腰间，这说明制作蒸馏器的设备很轻便，portable表示轻便的；手提的，故选d。34. c 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段next, cover the hole with the plastic sheet, securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheets center down with a rock.可知最后一步是weighting the sheets center down with a rock(放一块石头在覆盖膜的中间，把它压下去)，故选c。35. d 【解析】推理判断题。结合第四段中的ground water evaporates (蒸发) and collects on the sheet until small drops of water form, run down the material and fall off into the cup可知地下水蒸发，在覆盖膜上聚集起来，直到形成小水滴落在杯子里，覆盖膜是在杯子上面的，水滴落入杯子里，所以水滴是聚在覆盖膜的下面。故选d。【名师点睛】近年来全国统一高考中加大了对考生猜测词义的能力的考查，因此，掌握一定的猜词技巧，对突破高考阅读理解、提高同学们的英语语言能力都有非常重要的意义。这类试题包括对生词生义的推测、熟词生义的推测以及对it/they/them/that/those等代词的确指对象的判断等。做这种类型的题，要根据词、词组、句子所在的语境来判断其意义，因此熟练掌握一些猜词技巧是做好这类题的关键。命题者在出这类题时惯用常规词义来麻痹考生，考生要特别注意熟词生义，切不可脱离语境想当然地答题。猜测词义时，要掌握以下9种解题技巧：技巧 1 定义法：一般通过定义、定语从句、词组或同位语从句来确定词义。技巧 2 对比法：利用文中的反义词、表对比关系的词猜测词义。 技巧 3 因果法：从原因推测结果，从结果推测原因。技巧4 例举法：利用文中的举例猜测词义。技巧5 构词法：在猜测词义的过程中，我们还可以依靠构词法方面的知识，从生词本身猜测词义。 技巧6 根据文段中出现的同义、近义或反义词的意思进行判断。 技巧7 根据句子结构进行判断。技巧8 根据文章的背景进行判断。 技巧9 根据上下文进行判断：利用语境及前后的提示来猜测词义。本篇阅读中的第33小题就属于词义猜测题。考生可以根据技巧9来选择正确答案。画线短语the water catcher很简单，考生一看就知道是获得水的物品的意思，在蒸馏器整个装置中，接水的东西就是杯子，这考生根据常识也是很容易知道的，因此很容易错选d选项。如果考生仔细读画线短语所在的句子try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catchers productivity就会发现一个关键的单词ductivity表示生产效率，工作效率，接水是杯子本来的功能，不会因为环境变化而加快聚水或减慢聚水。在潮湿的地方挖洞是因为潮湿的土中含有的水相对丰富，水蒸气蒸发凝成水珠就快些，这和水杯完全没有关系。所以结合上下文可知，the water catcher指的是蒸馏器整个装置。iii. 七选五体裁话题词数难度建议时间说明文买鱼和烹饪鱼2014分钟(2016新课标全国卷iii)everyone knows that fish is good for health. _16_ but it seems that many people dont cook fish at home. americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year, but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home. buying, storing, and cooking fish isnt difficult. 17 this text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way. 18 fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that youre standing at the oceans edge. any fishy or strong smell means the fish isnt fresh. 19 when you have bought a fish and arrive home, youd better store the fish in the refrigerator if you dont cook it immediately, but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two. frozen fish isnt as tasty as the fresh one.there are many common methods used to cook fish. 20 first, clean it and season it with your choice of spices(调料). put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound. (a larger one will take more time.) then, its ready to serve. a. donotbuyit. b. theeasiestistosteamit. c. thisishowyoucandoit. d. itjustrequiresalittleknowledge. e. thefishwillgobadwithinhours. f. whenbuyingfish, youshouldfirstsmellit. g. thefatsinfisharethoughttohelppreventheartdisease.【答案】【语篇解读】文章主要介绍了一些买鱼和烹饪鱼的常识。带有强烈气味的鱼不新鲜，最简单的方法是蒸鱼。16. g 【解析】空后的句意表示转折，那么转折前的句子在语意上应该保持一致，即空处应说明吃鱼对健康的益处。故选g。17. d 【解析】由前一句buying, storing, and cooking fish isnt difficult.可知，购买、存放和烹饪鱼并非难事，再根据后面一句可知，文章主要介绍了买鱼和烹饪鱼的简单知识，d项这仅仅需要一点知识符合语境。此题容易误选c项，c项后面应该直接跟烹饪鱼的方法，即c项与后一句重复，故选d。19. a 【解析】根据前一句any fishy or strong smell means the fish isnt fresh.可知，带有腥味或强烈气味的鱼都不新鲜，不应该买这样的鱼，a项与后句联系紧密，故选a。20. b 【解析】根据putthewholefishonaplateandsteamitinasteampot for 8 to 10 minutes可知，本段介绍的是蒸鱼的方法，下文讲到了烹饪鱼的步骤：首先，把鱼洗干净，添加调料进行腌制；然后，将装有鱼的盘子放入蒸锅中，蒸8至10分钟即可食用(以重约为一磅的鱼为例)。故选b项最简单的方法是蒸。【试题分析】本七选五文章切合生活实际，与常识和日常生活联系紧密，难度一般，没有特别难的题目。根据上下文，前后对应选出答案，还可以根据关键词去定位，找出线索证据，从而快速选出答案。iv. 语法填空体裁话题词数难度建议时间说明文脂肪、盐分和健康2225分钟阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 (2017新课标全国卷i) there has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. this trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界） 61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease the very thing the medical community was trying to fight. fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. they are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. when fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. as 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. fast food _67_ (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your foo