牛津版高中英语必修3课件：Unit 2 Section Four Grammar and usage.ppt

unit2language grammarandusage step1revision gooverwhatwehavelearntaboutnounclausesinunit1 revisionunit1中所学内容 a 名词性从句的概念 类型及其用法b 名词性从句中what that if和whether等连词的用法 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫做名词性从句 名词性从句 主语从句 表语从句 宾语从句 同位语从句 在复合句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句 nounclauses 名词性从句的功能相当于名词或名词词组 它在复合句中能担任主语 宾语 表语 同位语 介词宾语等 因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能 名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句和同位语从句 名词性从句 1 whenwewillstartisnotclear 2 mrsblackwon tbelievethathersonhasbecomeathief 3 myideaisthatweshoulddoitrightnow 4 ihadnoideathatyouwereherfriend 主语从句 宾语从句 表语从句 同位语从句 名词性从句中what that if whether等连接词的用法 1 that和what的用法 that和what都可引导所有的名词性从句 但是 what除起连接作用外 还在名词性从句中充当成分 可作从句的主语 宾语 或表语 而that在名词性从句中不充当任何成分 只起连接作用 that what 1 hewantsisabook 2 hewantstogothereisobvious 3 theresultis wewonthegame 4 thisis wewanttoknow 5 is hetoldustrue 6 weshouldpayattentionto theteacherissaying 7 ihavenodoubt hewillcome 8 ihavenoidea hedidthatafternoon what that that what what what that what 2 if whether引导 如果宾语从句为一般疑问句时 用if或whether来引导e g iwonderif whetherhewillcomeontime if和whether的选用1 从句是一般疑问句作动词的宾语 二者都可用 2 whether ornot搭配 不能用if 3 主语从句不能用if 4 表语从句与同位语从句也不能用if 5 修饰介词的宾语从句也不能用if 6 连词后直接加不定式todo 连词不能选用if if whether1 iaskedher shehadabike 2 wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather 3 we reworriedabout heissafe 4 idon tknow ornotheiswell 5 thequestionis heshoulddoit 6 thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion theoldmanwillrecoversoon 7 idon tknow togo if whether whether whether whether whether whether whether 名词性从句 nounclauses2 promisedifficultyunknowndisagreestandardset vt 不一致n 标准adj 标准的vt 确定 标准等 制定 规则等 wordspreview phrasedepartmentbanpurespreadeasily n 词组 短语n 部门vt 禁止 取缔adj 纯的 纯洁的n vt vi 传播adv 容易地 不费力地 wordspreview accessacrossraciallookupcareabout vt 接近 使用n 接近的机会 享用权prep 在 各处 遍及adj 种族的 在字典或参考书中 查找关注 关心 在意 担心 wordsandexpressionspreview step2explanationsnounclausesintroducedbyquestionwords 1 joineachpairofsentences a wheredoesapersoncomefrom b thiswillaffecttheirstyleofspeech whereapersoncomesfromwillaffecttheirstyleofspeech a whydoesenglishhavesuchstrangerules b youcanbegintoseeit youcanbegintoseewhyenglishhassuchstrangerules a whyisenglishalanguagewithsomanyconfusingrules b thatisthereason thatiswhyenglishisalanguagewithsomanyconfusingrules 2 weuseaquestionwordtointroduceanounclausewhentheclauseisawh question theclausecanfunctionasthesubject objectorpredicativeofthesentence thatiswhyenglishisalanguagewithsomanyconfusingrules predicative whereapersoncomesfromwillaffecttheirstyleofspeech subject youcanbegintoseewhyenglishhassuchstrangerules object decidewhatsentenceelementeachunderlinednounclauseisinitssentence ialwayswonderedwheniwouldgettheenglishnovelmyparentshadpromisedtogiveme ifinallygotittoday thebookiscalledtreasureisland whatialwaysdreamtofhascometrue o s itisreallyexciting thedifficultyishowi mgoingtounderstanditwithoutadictionary lookingupeverynewwordwillcertainlybeawasteoftime nowi mworriedaboutwheni mgoingtofinishthebook misschengalwaystoldustoguessthemeaningsofunknownwordsfromthecontext iusedtowonderwhyweshoulddothis iunderstandnow butthequestioniswhatifistillcannotunderstandthemeanings imusttalktomisschengaboutthistomorrow p o o p 3 其它连接代词和副词的使用 名词性从句中疑问词的选择主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义 正确的选择who which when where why how等连接词 这些连接词既具有疑问含义 又起连接作用 同时在从句中充当各种成分 我们何时举行运动会还没有决定 weshallholdoursportsmeetingisnotdecided 我不知道昨天谁打破了玻璃 idon tknow broketheglassyesterday 我不知道他长的什么样子 ihavenoidea helookslike 这就是我忘记眼镜的地方 thisis ileftmyglasses when who what where fillintheblankswithsuitablequestionwords borrowedwords goodorbad languageskeepborrowingwordsfromotherlanguages thisisoneofthereasons 1 languageskeepchangingalmosteveryday 2 weshoulddoabouttheincreasingnumberof borrowedwords inourvocabularyissomethingthatdeservescarefulthought inenglandnowadays thereisnoonetodecide 3 newwordsshouldbeacceptedintothelanguage why what which astandardwasfirstsetfortheenglishlanguagewhenhenry waskingofengland thatis 4 wehavethephrase theking senglish kinghenry wasapoetandamanwhocaredaboutlanguage hesetastandardfor 5 peopleweretospeakenglish but 6 canmakeadecisionlikethattodayisanyone sguess however thereisadepartmenttomakedecisionslikethisinfrance 7 frenchwillbeusedisdecidedbyagovernmentdepartment how why how who how atonetimethedepartmentbannedsome borrowedwords fromenglish including weekend and e mail frenchpeopledidthisbecausetheywantedtokeeptheirlanguagepureandunique today thespreadof borrowedwords isduetoeasilyaccessedtelevisionprogrammesfromacrosstheworld somepeopleareoptimisticandbelievethatthisprocessisgood whileothersworrythatitmayresultinlanguagepollution 8 opinionyouagreewithisuptoyou which wechangethewordorderinaclauseafteraquestionwordintothatofastatement 语序 whatarepeoplefromthenorthsaying peoplefromthesouthfinditdifficulttounderstand peoplefromthesouthfinditdifficulttounderstandwhatpeoplefromthenortharesaying 语序问题 1 thephotographswillshowyou a whatdoesourvillagelooklikeb whatourvillagelookslikec howdoesourvillagelookliked howourvillagelookslike2 youcanhardlyimagine whenheheardthenews a howhewasexcitedb howwasheexcitedc howexcitedhewasd hewashowexcited3 heasked foraviolin a didipayhowmuchb ipaidhowmuchc howmuchdidipayd howmuchipaid b c d wecannotleaveoutthequestionwordsinnounclausesinanycases 其它连接代词和副词的使用 名词性从句中疑问词的选择主要根据名词性从句中的具体意义 正确的选择who which when where why how等连接词 这些连接词既具有疑问含义 又起连接作用 同时在从句中充当各种成分 phrases 1答应做某事2梦想得到 3实现4查生词5浪费时间6从上下文揣测词义7倘若 怎么样 promisetodosth dreamof cometrue lookupnewwords awasteoftime guessthemeaningsofwordsfromthecontext whatif whatiftheydonotcome whatifitrainstomorrow 8 外来词9 确定 的标准10 关注语言的人11 作出决定12 曾经 一度13 禁止某人做某事14 容易收看 听的节目 borrowedwords setastandardfor careaboutlanguage makeadecision atonetime bansb fromdoingsth easilyaccessedtelevisionandradioprogrammes step2 emptysubjectit infact itiscertainthatwewouldnotbeabletounderstanditifweheardittoday emptysubject theemptysubjectitisoftenusedtobalancethesentencewithalongsubject theemptysubjectitactsasitsgrammaticalsubjectandtherealsubjectisattheendofthesentence itisimportantforustolearnenglishwelltoday itisimportantthatweshouldlearnenglishwelltoday itisnousewastingyourtimereadingsuchbooksallday emptysubject itisimportantthatweshouldlearnenglishwelltoday itisnousewastingyourtimereadingsuchbooksallday itisimportantforustolearnenglishwelltoday whenw