初中英语人教版八年级上册Grammar Focus -3c.docx

第二课时Grammar Focus -3c 1.能掌握以下单词与短语:maybe,least,at least。2.能正确使用频率副词:always,usually,often,sometimes,hardly ever,never。3.能准确运用助动词 do,does。1.复习、巩固、总结一般现在时态。2.归纳频率副词的用法。3.归纳总结一般现在时的肯定、否定及疑问形式。1.教学重点:the sentences in Grammar Focus。2.教学难点:能正确使用频率副词,理解How often ? 句型,能准确运用助动词 do,does。本课教学内容是八年级上Unit 2 第二课时,是一节语法课。首先总结一般现在时的用法,可以以出示图片的形式展示各类活动,并询问学生多久做一次,从而归纳频率副词,并在此基础上大量操练一般现在时的各种句式,通过教师讲解do,does填空理解对话造句练习实际运用总结的形式,开展教学活动。准备单词卡片,图片、多媒体课件。Step.ReviewTalk about students daily activities.Grammar Focus :Let the students read the sentences in the box and make sure they understand them.Pay attention to the use of the following sentences:How often do you go to the movies?I go to the movies maybe once a month.How often does he watch TV?He hardly ever watches TV.Do you go shopping?No,I never go shopping.Explain the vocabulary to students.教材解读maybemaybe为副词,意为“大概;或许;可能”。表示推测,一般位于句首。Maybe these nutrients are helpful to your health.或许这些营养品对你的健康有帮助。【辨析】maybe,may be (1)maybe是副词,意为“也许,可能”,在句中作状语,相当于perhaps,常位于句首。Maybe/Perhaps the weather will get better.可能天气会变得好一些。(2)may be中,may是情态动词,be是动词原形,两者构成完整的谓语形式,与主语形成系表结构,意为“也许是;可能是”。Maybe hes wrong.=He may be wrong.或许他错了。Maybe you are right and she may be a little late.或许你说的对,她可能有点晚了。设计意图通过学习聚焦语法内容和要点词汇,为后面的教学扫除生词和语法障碍。Step.Lead inLeading in 【情景1】Boys and girls!Look at the pictures.Please finish the conversations like this:T:What do you usually do on weekends?S1:I always exercise.T:How often do you play computer games? S2:I play computer games twice a week. exercise:always exercisegames:twice a week设计意图通过询问学生的日常活动,学生比较感兴趣,又能复习上节的语言知识,提高学生学习的主动性,引入本节的内容。Leading in 【情景2】Ask students what they do when they are on weekends.For example:T:What do you usually do on weekends?S:I usually设计意图通过询问学生周末的活动,引入本节的内容。Step.Reading and writing1.First show some sentences,and then ask students to fill in the blanks with do or does.For example:(1)How often (do)your brother watch TV? He (watch)TV every day.(2) (do)you exercise every day? No,I (do not).(3)(do)your parents play sports? Yes,they (do).Check the answers:(1)does,watches(2)Do,dont (3)Do,do2.After checking the answers,show the students the following sentences.Get the students to read them in pairs.Then let them find the rules to use the auxiliary verbs“do” and “does”.(1)A:What do you do on weekends?B:I always exercise.A:How often do you exercise?B:I exercise every day.(2)A:What does she do on weekends?B:She sometimes helps with housework.A:Dose she go shopping?B:Yes,she goes shopping once a weekend.实义动词的一般现在时变一般疑问句时应在句首加 或,该加哪一个应看主语, 当主语是 人称、人称、人称复数及名词时加do;当主语是人称单数及名词时加。【Keys】do,does,第一,第二,第三,复数,第三,单数,does 3.These steps help students know when to use do or does.(3a on page 11)Ss read the sentences and fill in the blanks with do or does and then match the questions and answers.(1)How often he play soccer?a.Yes.She usually does.(2) you drink milk?b.Hardly ever.I dont like them.(3)How often they stay up late?c.He plays at least twice a week.(4) Sue eat a healthy breakfast?d.No,they dont.Theyre too busy.(5)How often you eat apples?e.Never.They always go to bed early.(6) your parents play sports?f.Yes,I do.Every day.The following language point should be explained.教材解读He plays at least twice a week.least副词“最小;最少”,形容词“最小的;最少的”,least 是 little的最高级。短语at least表示“至少”。He has the least money of the three.这三个人中,他的钱最少。I study at least for 6 hours every day.我每天至少学习6个小时。【拓展】(1)least还可作副词,与形容词或副词的原级构成最高级,表示“最不”。Bruce is the least outgoing of the three boys.布鲁斯是三个男孩中最内向的。(2)least的反义词为most,其常见的词组为:at most,意为“至多”。The book is at most five yuan.这本书至多五元。【Keys】(1)does c(2)Do f(3)do e(4)Does a(5)do b(6)Do d设计意图首先练习对话,认识do,does,接着通过句型总结规律,最后练习3a,一步一个脚印练习一般现在时,引导学生自己发现和总结语法规律,在加深学生认识的同时,还可以训练他们的归纳与总结的能力。Step .Pair-work1.Get the students to work in pairs to make up sentences according to 3b and write down the answers on their books.After they finish,have pairs of students read their conversations.Check their answers at the same time.2.Show the teachers answers on the screen.Get the students to read them together.Then ask and answer them with a partner.Questions:(1)_?(how often/ help with housework)(2)_? (what/ usually / do/ weekends)(3)_? (how often / best friend /exercise)(4)_? (what/ usually /do /after school)【Keys】(1)How often do you help with housework?(2)What do you usually do on weekends?(3)How often does your best friend exercise?(4)What do you usually do after school? 设计意图教师引导,让学生能够熟练使用目标语言。 Step.Drills1.First teacher asks students questions“Do you like English? Why or why not?” Some students maybe say like this:I like English,but I dont think its easy to learn it well.What should I do? Ask other students to give advice on how to improve our English. What can you do to improve your English? All right,please add something to the chart.Then ask your classmates the questions.Exchange your study methods and find out which is the best method.For example:How often do you read English books,Lin Ying? Section AGrammar Focus-3cWords:maybe,least,at leastSentences:What do/does you/she usually do on weekends? I /Shealways/oftenHow often do you /does he(she)?I/He/She usuallyHe plays football at least twice a week.1.掌握本部分的要点词汇与短语。2.学习如何用英语作比较,学会描述人的特征和个性差异以及两两之间的比较。3.掌握形容词、副词的比较级及其变化规则。4.强化听力训练,培养学生细节听辨的能力。Step.ReviewTalk about students daily activities.Grammar Focus :Let the students read the sentences in the box and make sure they understand them.Pay attention to the use of the following sentences:How often do you go to the movies?I go to the movies maybe once a month.How often does he watch TV?He hardly ever watches TV.Do you go shopping?No,I never go shopping.Explain the vocabulary to students.教材解读maybemaybe为副词,意为“大概;或许;可能”。表示推测,一般位于句首。Maybe these nutrients are helpful to your health.或许这些营养品对你的健康有帮助。【辨析】maybe,may be (1)maybe是副词,意为“也许,可能”,在句中作状语,相当于perhaps,常位于句首。Maybe/Perhaps the weather will get better.可能天气会变得好一些。(2)may be中,may是情态动词,be是动词原形,两者构成完整的谓语形式,与主语形成系表结构,意为“也许是;可能是”。Maybe hes wrong.=He may be wrong.或许他错了。Maybe you are right and she may be a little late.或许你说的对,她可能有点晚了。设计意图通过学习聚焦语法内容和要点词汇,为后面的教学扫除生词和语法障碍。Step.Lead inLeading in 【情景1】Boys and girls!Look at the pictures.Please finish the conversations like this:T:What do you usually do on weekends?S1:I always exercise.T:How often do you play computer games? S2:I play computer games twice a week. exercise:always exercisegames:twice a week设计意图通过询问学生的日常活动,学生比较感兴趣,又能复习上节的语言知识,提高学生学习的主动性,引入本节的内容。Leading in 【情景2】Ask students what they do when they are on weekends.For example:T:What do you usually do on weekends?S:I usually设计意图通过询问学生周末的活动,引入本节的内容。Step.Reading and writing1.First show some sentences,and then ask students to fill in the blanks with do or does.For example:(1)How often (do)your brother watch TV? He (watch)TV every day.(2) (do)you exercise every day? No,I (do not).(3)(do)your parents play sports? Yes,they (do).Check the answers:(1)does,watches(2)Do,dont (3)Do,do2.After checking the answers,show the students the following sentences.Get the students to read them in pairs.Then let them find the rules to use the auxiliary verbs“do” and “does”.(1)A:What do you do on weekends?B:I always exercise.A:How often do you exercise?B:I exercise every day.(2)A:What does she do on weekends?B:She sometimes helps with housework.A:Dose she go shopping?B:Yes,she goes shopping once a weekend.实义动词的一般现在时变一般疑问句时应在句首加 或,该加哪一个应看主语, 当主语是 人称、人称、人称复数及名词时加do;当主语是人称单数及名词时加。【Keys】do,does,第一,第二,第三,复数,第三,单数,does 3.These steps help students know when to use do or does.(3a on page 11)Ss read the sentences and fill in the blanks with do or does and then match the questions and answers.(1)How often he play soccer?a.Yes.She usually does.(2) you drink milk?b.Hardly ever.I dont like them.(3)How often they stay up late?c.He plays at least twice a week.(4) Sue eat a healthy breakfast?d.No,they dont.Theyre too busy.(5)How often you eat apples?e.Never.They always go to bed early.(6) your parents play sports?f.Yes,I do.Every day.The following language point should be explained.教材解读He plays at least twice a week.least副词“最小;最少”,形容词“最小的;最少的”,least 是 little的最高级。短语at least表示“至少”。He has the least money of the three.这三个人中,他的钱最少。I study at least for 6 hours every day.我每天至少学习6个小时。【拓展】(1)least还可作副词,与形容词或副词的原级构成最高级,表示“最不”。Bruce is the least outgoing of the three boys.布鲁斯是三个男孩中最内向的。(2)least的反义词为most,其常见的词组为:at most,意为“至多”。The book is at most five yuan.这本书至多五元。【Keys】(1)does c(2)Do f(3)do e(4)Does a(5)do b(6)Do d设计意图首先练习对话,认识do,does,接着通过句型总结规律,最后练习3a,一步一个脚印练习一般现在时,引导学生自己发现和总结语法规律,在加深学生认识的同时,还可以训练他们的归纳与总结的能力。Step .Pair-work1.Get the students to work in pairs to make up sentences according to 3b and write down the answers on their books.After they finish,have pairs of students read their conversations.Check their answers at the same time.2.Show the teachers answers on the screen.Get the students to read them together.Then ask and answer them with a partner.Questions:(1)_?(how often/ help with housework)(2)_? (what/ usually / do/ weekends)(3)_? (how often / best friend /exercise)(4)_? (what/ usually /do /after school)【Keys】(1