译林版高中英语选修7课件：Unit 3 Period Four Grammar and usage.ppt

unit3theworldonline grammarandusage auxiliaryverbs wearehavinganenglishclass ihaveseenthefilm hedidn tgohomelastnight wewillflyforafricanextmonth 帮助主要动词have构成现在进行时 帮助主要动词see构成现在完成时 帮助主要动词go构成一般过去时 帮助主要动词fly构成一般将来时 what sthefunctionoftheunderlinedwords hewassenttoengland iwouldflytoswedenifiwereabird hadilivedinlondon iwouldhavebeentolondonbridge what sthefunctionoftheunderlinedwords 帮助主要动词send构成被动语态 帮助主要动词构成虚拟语气 1助动词和其他动词一起构成时态 语气和语态 可以用作助动词的有be do have和情态动词 帮助主要动词构成虚拟语气 wehave needtogohomenow studentsmuststudyhard what sthefunctionoftheunderlinedmodals 表示必要性 表示职责 tip 情态动词表示必要性 职责和可能性 像其他助动词一样 情态动词也用于其他主要动词前 不能单独做句子的谓语 因此 情态动词也被当作情态助动词 itcanbeveryhotinsummerinourhometown 表示可能性 doyoulikecollegelife didyoustudyenglishbeforeyoucamehere idonotlikehim docallmetomorrow hedidknowthat what sthefunctionof do did 构成疑问句 构成疑问句 构成否定句 构成强调结构 构成强调结构 助动词还可用来构成否定或疑问句 以及强调结构 补充 do用作代动词 例如 doyoulikebeijing 你喜欢北京吗 yes ido 是的 喜欢 do用作代动词 代替likebeijing 练习1 请在划线处填入适当的助动词 1we gotolondonfirst 2themodernolympicgames heldin1896 inathens 3what youdoifyouhadabillion 4hopeyouwon thavetowaitaslongaswe goodluck 5asyoucansee i escape 6hehasmadegreatprogressrecently andso you will were would did did have 练习2 translatethefollowingsentences 1 你打电话时 我正在洗澡 2 孩子们被照顾得很好 3 我学法语已经三年了4 你去过长城吗 iwashavingabathwhenyoucalled thechildrenaretakengoodcareof ihavebeenstudyingfrenchforthreeyears haveyoubeentothegreatwall 5 我不知道那本小说的名字 6 我确实认为你该去 7 明年你要毕业了吗 8 他告诉我们他要出国学习了 9 下周我就要搬进新房子了 idon tknowthenameofthatnovel idothinkyoushouldgo willyougraduatenextyear hetoldusthathewouldstudyabroad ishallmovetothenewhousenextweek ihavetogotohelphereverysaturday youhadbettertakeanumbrella 2 短语助动词由一个助动词和另一个或两个词组成 如 have got to hadbetter wouldsooner rather than beto belikelyto besupposedto oughtto usedto beaboutto beableto etc ihave got tocleantheblackboardbeforetheteachercomes ihave got togonow mywifewillbewaitingforme youdidn thavetotellherthewholestory have got to表示 得做某事 或提出建议 其否定形式nothaveto意为 不必 manycountrieswouldratherbecautiouswiththisnewtechnology iwouldsoonerwalktoworkthantakeabus wouldrather sooner than 的意思是 宁愿 更愿意 heistogotonewyorknextweek thepresidentistospeakontvtonight youaretoexplainthis wecan tstandthiskindofbehaviour beto表示未来的打算和安排 或用于正式的指示和命令 说明 这种用法也可以说成是一种将来时态表达法 补充 be 动词不定式的其他用法a 征求意见 如 howamitoanswerhim 我该怎样答复他 b 表示相约 商定 如 wearetomeetattheschoolgateatseventomorrowmorning 我们明天早晨7点在校门口集合 heislikelytowinthefirstprize thatisnotlikelytohappen belikely的意思是某事有可能发生或可能是真的 teachersaresupposedtotreatallthestudentsalike youarenotsupposedtosmokeonthebus besupposedto用来表示 被期望 或 应该 其否定形式benotsupposedto用来表示 不允许 补充 1 当besupposedto 的主语是 物 时 它表示 本应 本该 用于表示 某事本应该发生而没有发生 thetrainwassupposedtoarriveanhourago 2 besupposedto后面接 have 过去分词 时 表示 本应该做某事而没做 youaresupposedtohavehandedinyourhomeworkbynow iusedtolovecatsuntiliwasattackedbyabigblackcatlastweek hedidn tusetosmokewhenhewasyoung didheusetocomeasoftenashedoesnow usedto表示 过去一直 或 过去经常 1 jack sill sothey changetheirplans a mustb shouldc havegottod oughtto2 ifitisfinetomorrow we afootballmatch a haveb willhavec hasd shallhas 练一练 c b 3 inthepast30yearschina greatadvancesinthesocialistrevolutionandsocialistconstruction a hasmadeb havemadec hadmaded havingmade4 i gotobeduntili finishedmywork a don t hadb didn t havec didn t hadd don t have a c 5 peopleare to whentheymeetforthefirsttime suppose shakehandssupposed shakehandsc supposed shakehandsd suppose shakehand6 whenhewasatschool he earlyandtakeawalkbeforebreakfast a willriseb shallrisec shouldrised wouldrise b d 7 you yourseatstodayifyouwanttogotothegame a hadbettertoreserveb hadbetterreservec hadtobetterreserved hadtoreservebetter8 irealizedtheconsequencesiwouldneverhavecontemplatedgettinginvolved a hadb havec havingd has9 i theoperationunlessitisabsolutelynecessary a wouldrathernothaveb wouldnotratherhadc ratherwouldnothaved rathernotwouldhave b a a answerstoap41