译林版 必修二 Unit 1 Tales of the unexpectedGrammar 课件（43张PPT）.ppt

grammarandusage presentperfecttense presentperfecttense definition 现在完成时表示动作发生在过去 对现在产生一定影响 造成一定结果 可以从以下三个方面来理解 presentperfecttense definition 1 表示过去发生或已完成的某个动作对现在产生的影响或结果 强调的是这个影响或结果 常同already just yet等状语连用shehaslostherbike 她把自行车丢了 影响是她现在没有自行车骑了 shehashadagoodeducation 她受到过良好的教育 影响是她文化水平高 有修养 presentperfecttense definition 2 表示开始于过去 持续到现在的动作或状态 并可能继续下去 也可能不继续下去 常同包括现在在内的时间状语连用 如 today now thisweek thismorning thesedays thisafternoon recently sofar等 也同 for 时间段 或 since 时间点 的状语连用ihavemadelotsoffriendssinceicametochina hehasn tboughtsnacksinsizhongsupermarketforalongtime presentperfecttense definition 3 表示从过去某一时间到说话时这段时间中反复发生的动作或多次动作的总和 常同频度副词always often seldom never等连用ihavebeentothegreatwalltwice 我曾经去过长城两次ithasrainedeverydaythisweek 这个星期天天下雨 shehasalwayswalkedtoschool 她一直步行去学校 ihaveneverseensuchabeautifulbird 我从没见过这么美丽的鸟 presentperfecttense formation 主语 第三人称复数 have主语 第三人称单数 has 过去分词 presentperfecttense inthepast2years thestudentsinthemountainousareas inenglish 在过去的两年里 山区的这些学生在英语方面取得了很大的进步 havemadegreatprogress usagesofit presentperfecttense have hasgonetosp 区别是什么 have hasbeentosp m whereisyourfather jack s he tothefarm m wherehaveyoubeen f i tothefarm hasgone havebeen presentperfecttense since和forihavereadthroughallthepapers lastnight wehavebeengoodfriends wemetforthe1sttime hemustbetired forhehasexercised atleast2hours theyhavelivedinsiyang 50years andofcoursetheycanbegoodguidesforyouwhenyoustayinsiyang for for since since this itisthe 1st 2nd 3rd等序数词 time that 从句 该从句中要使用现在完成时 1 这是我第一次去北京 2 itisthethirdtimethatihaveseenthefilm 3 itismyfirsttimethati see toshanghai haveseen this itisthe1sttimethatihavebeentobeijing 这是我第三次看电影 thisisthefirsttimewe afilminthecinematogetherasafamily a seeb hadseenc sawd haveseen this itisthe 1st 2nd 3rd等序数词 time that 从句 该从句中要使用现在完成时 this itisthe 1st 2nd 3rd等序数词 time that 从句 该从句中要使用现在完成时 thisisthefirsttimei pictureswithmyowncamera itistimethatyou apictureofme a took tookb havetaken tookc took havetakend havetaken havetaken presentperfecttense 我哥哥3年前就入伍了 jointhearmy短or长 mybrotherjoinedthearmy3yearsago mybrotherhasbeeninthearmyfor3years mybrotherhasbeenasoldierfor3years mybrotherhasservedinthearmyfor3years itis3yearssincemybrotherjoinedthearmy 在条件 时间 让步状语从句中 表示将来某时以前已完成的动作 iwillnotbelieveyouunlessihaveseenitwithmyowneyes 除非我亲眼看到 否则我是不会相信你的 强调 看完 iwillgowithyouassoonasihavefinishedmywork 我干完了工作就和你一起去 强调 干完 在条件 时间 让步状语从句中 表示将来某时以前已完成的动作 attheendofthismonth idon tthinkyoushoulddothatuntil anotherjob a i mleaving you dfoundb i mleaving you vefoundc i llleave you llfindd i llleave you dfind 1 汤姆已经结婚10年了 tomhasbeenmarriedfortenyears 2 她肯定累了 因为她一天一直在跳舞 shemustbetired forshehasbeendancingallday 这是什么时态 现在完成进行时 ihavebeendoing vs 现在完成时 ihavedone shehasbeenpaintingtheceiling shehaspaintedtheceiling theboystartedhavingdinnerfiveminutesago heisstillhavingdinnernow theboy have dinnersincefiveminutesago hasbeenhaving 1 现在完成进行时 themanstartedworkinginthefieldhalfanhourago heisstillworkingnow theman work inthefieldforhalfanhour hasbeenworking exercises hi tracy youlooktired iamtired i thelivingroomallday a paintedb hadpaintedc havebeenpaintingd havepainted exercises we vespenttoomuchmoneyrecently well itisn tsurprising ourfriendandrelatives aroundallthetimea arecomingb hadcomec werecomingd havebeencoming exercises motherwantedtobeagoodprovider aroleshe sincehermarriagetofather ashouldersbshoulderedcisshoulderingdhasbeenshouldering 承担 肩负 self study exercises 例1 ihavegotaheadache nowonder you infrontofthatcomputertoolong a workb areworkingc havebeenworkingd worked exercises 例2 cathyistakingnotesofthegrammaticalrulesinclassatsunshineschool whereshe englishforayear a studiesb studiedc isstudyingd hasbeenstudying exercises 例3 i therelittlemorethanaweekwhenisettoworkwiththescientist a wouldbeb havebeenc hadbeend willbe exercises 例4 igotcaughtintherainandmysuit a hasruinedb hadruinedc hasbeenruinedd hadbeenruined exercises 例5 whenyougetthepaperback payspecialattentiontowhat a havemarkedb havebeenmarkedc hadmarkedd hadbeenmarked exercises 例6 thecoffeeiswonderful itdoesn ttastelikeanythingi before a washavingb havec haveeverhadd hadeverhad exercises 1 nowthatsheisoutofajob lucy goingbacktoschool butshehasn tdecidedyet a hadconsidered b hasbeenconsidering c considered d isgoingtoconsider exercises 2 theconstructionofthetwonewrailwaylines bynow a hascompleted b havecompleted c havebeencompleted d hasbeencompleted exercises 3 customersareaskedtomakesurethatthey therightchangebeforeleavingtheshop a willgive b havebeengiven c havegiven d willbegiven exercises 4 johnandi friendsforeightyears wefirstgottoknoweachotheratachristmasparty butwe eachotheracoupleoftimesbeforethat a hadbeen haveseen b havebeen haveseenc hadbeen hadseen d havebeen hadseen exercises uptonow theprogram thousandsofchildrenwhowouldotherwisehavedied a wouldsaveb savesc hadsavedd hassaved exercises weonthisprojectforfourhours let shavearest a areworkingb havebeenworkingc workedd hadworked exercises whenyouarehome giveacalltoletmeknowyou safely a arearrivingb havearrivedc hadarrivedd willarrive exercises why jack youlooksotired well i thehouseandimustfinishtheworktomorrow a waspaintingb willbepaintingc havepaintedd havebeenp