外研版高中英语必修五课文预读学案：Module 4 Period Three.doc

period threegrammar & writing单元语法复习被动语态课文原句感知1.in europe，where it began，carnival was followed by forty days without meat.2.as time passed，however，the carnival period was extended，so that it began just after christmas.3.men were not allowed to wear masks at night; and they were not allowed to dress up as women.4.today，carnival in venice is celebrated for five days in february.一、被动语态概述语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用“被”、“受”、“给”等词来表示被动意义。二、被动语态各时态的构成时态主动语态被动语态一般现在时do/doesam/is/aredone一般将来时will/shalldowill/shallbedone现在进行时am/is/aredoingam/is/arebeingdone一般过去时didwas/weredone现在完成时have/hasdonehave/hasbeendone过去完成时haddonehadbeendone将来完成时will/shallhavedonewill/shallhavebeendone过去进行时was/weredoingwas/werebeingdonethe classroom is cleaned by us every day.教室每天都由我们打扫。(一般现在时的被动语态)the school sports meeting will be held next week.校运动会将在下星期举行。(一般将来时的被动语态)the road is being repaired by construction workers.建筑工人正在修路。(现在进行时的被动语态)the letter was typed on the computer.这封信是用电脑打出来的。(一般过去时的被动语态)so far my thesis has been completed.到目前为止我的论文已经完成了。(现在完成时的被动语态)the room had been broken into before we came.我们来之前已经有人强行闯入了这个屋子。(过去完成时的被动语态)the design will have been done by the end of this week.这个设计在本周末会被做完。(将来完成时的被动语态)the room was being painted when i left.我离开时，房间正在被粉刷。(过去进行时的被动语态)注意1.情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词be过去分词。the baby should be taken good care of by the babysitter.这个孩子应该受到保姆的精心照顾。2.“get过去分词”也可表示被动语态。he was knocked down by a car and got killed.他被一辆车撞死了。三、不用于被动语态的情况1.一些动词或短语不能用于被动语态：come true，consist of，take place，happen，become，rise，occur，break out，appear，arrive，die，fall，exist，fail，succeed，agree with，belong to，have on，keep up with，lose heart等。2.表示状态的动词：benefit，cost，contain，equal，fit，fail，have，lack，last，mean，seem，resemble，suit，look like等也不能用于被动语态。this room belongs to me.这房子属于我。it lacks the power of the italian cars.它没有意大利轿车动力强劲。四、主动语态表示被动意义的几种情况1.lock，open，shut，move，read，sell，wash，write等动词，用来说明主语的性质特征，用主动形式表达被动意义。the door doesnt open easily.这个门不容易开。the new product sells well.这个新产品很畅销。2.feel，look，sound，smell，taste，prove，remain等系动词，用主动形式表达被动意义。the soup smells good but tastes terrible.这种汤闻起来不错，但太难喝了。3.need，want，require等动词以及形容词worth后面，常跟动词-ing形式，用主动形式表达被动意义。this dictionary is well worth buying.这本字典非常值得购买。4.easy，difficult，hard，heavy等形容词后面跟动词不定式，用主动形式表达被动意义。what life will be like in the future is difficult to predict.将来的生活如何很难预测。5.be to blame或be to let也是主动形式表示被动意义。he is to blame for the broken window.因为打破了窗户他应该受到责备。.单句语法填空1.when fat and salt are removed(remove) from food，the food tastes as if it is missing something.(2017全国)2.steam engines were used(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers，with all the smoke and noise.(2017全国)3.sarah has been told/was told(tell) that she could be britains new supermodel，earning a million dollars in the next year.(2017全国)4.he hurried home，never once looking back to see if he was being followed(follow).(2017江苏)5.i was allowed(allow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre.(2016全国)6.truly elegant chopsticks might be made(make) of gold and silver with chinese characters.(2016全国)7.it is reported that a space station will be built(build) on the moon in years to come.(2015安徽)8.despite the previous rounds of talks，no agreement has been reached(reach) so far by the two sides.(2015天津)9.more expressways will be built(build) in sichuan soon to promote the local economy.(2015四川)10.to my delight，i was chosen(choose) from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.(2015福建).单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1.about one month after this photo was ，i entered my second year of high school and became a new member of the school music club.(2017全国，短文改错)2.every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables and high quality oil are for cooking.(2015全国，短文改错)3.lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very serious problem.(2015全国，短文改错)4.suddenly the arrows were flying down at us from the skythey were或looked like rain！(2014陕西，短文改错)5.tea in china was traditionally from cups without handles.(2013新课标全国，短文改错).完成句子1.明年我们学校要建造一座新的教学楼。a new teaching building will be built in our school next year.2.在你离开教室之前，应该关上门和窗户。before you leave the classroom，the door and windows should be closed.3.到现在为止所有的工作都已经做完了。all the work has been finished by now.4.我们都知道，学校的一切规章都必须遵守。as we know，all the regulations in school must be kept/obeyed.5.那边有一群人，去看看在卖什么。theres a crowd of people over there.go and see what is being sold.6.如果你努力学习，你的梦想将会实现。if you work hard，your dream will come true.7.过去十年我的家乡发生了很大的变化。great changes have taken place in my hometown in the past ten years.8.你的电脑需要修理了。your computer requires repairing/to be repaired.9.这个家庭作业很容易做，我们可以半小时完成。the homework is easy to do and we can finish it in half an hour.10.这种牌子的衣服应该销路很好。this brand of clothes should sell well.把下列句子转换为被动语态11.she will take good care of the children.the children will be taken good care of by her.12.they are repairing the car in the garage.the car is being repaired in the garage by them.13.the wind blew down the big tree last night.the big tree was blown down by the wind last night.14.the little girl has learned over 3,000 words up to now.over 3,000 words have been learned by the little girl up to now.15.they must take some measures to protect the old town.some measures must be taken to protect the old town.语法填空(2018黑龙江哈六中高二期中)just as i began a new job in new york，i had another important job: father.i was a businessman.at the office i had three new 16.projects(project) and at home i had a young son who was growing fast and 17.needed(need) me.i was puzzled and didnt know how 18.to deal(deal) with the relationship across job and family until one day，during my business trip in chicago，i came across an old family friend dan,19.who was once a patient of my father.he told me something about my father.it was my father 20.that/who helped him go through the cancer.when dan knew he got cancer，he was very upset and wanted to give up，but my father，his doctor，encouraged him 21.to go(go) on fighting against the cancer.my father said to him，“you have a 22.wonderful(wonder) life and three fine children.take some time with them.it is family that we live fornot just ourselves.think of that 23.and you will know lifes worth the fight.” i 24.was touched(touch) by his words，and i 25.suddenly (sudden) realized that family is the most important in the world.i should spend more time staying with them.单元写作writing an email about a chinese festival本单元的写作任务要求以电子邮件的形式介绍中国的一个节日。介绍节日时要注意讲明其日期、时间及参与庆祝的人员。描述节日的气氛要具有感染力，有时还需要阐发自己的感受，以使读者感同身受。介绍节日时，常用一般现在时。因不同的节日具有不同的风俗及特点，介绍节日时一般应包括以下内容：1.节日的名称和日期；2.节日的起源；3.节日的习俗，一般包括节日所吃的食物、服装、人的活动等；4.节日的意义，可包括节日的传统地位及其现实意义等。1.id like to introduce.to you.2.it is originated.3.they hold.in order to celebrate.4.people get together to.5.in memory of.，people.6.on the.，people.7.it is the custom to.8.i hope you can come to china and spend.together.假如你是李华，春节来临，你的笔友peter发来电子邮件询问中国人过春节的情况，请根据以下要点给他回复一封电子邮件。1.中国的春节在农历新年(the lunar new year)开始，持续15天，有人说它是西方的感恩节、圣诞节和新年的结合。准备工作在新年前一个月进行，大约是圣诞节的时候就开始了。2.在春节期间，主色调是红色。全家人都穿着新衣服聚在一起享受着美食和家庭的温馨。注意：1.词数100左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。写作要求是根据要求写一封电子邮件，介绍中国的传统节日。写作时应注意下面几点：1.确定文体：这是一篇应用文，写作中应注意书信的常规格式。2.主体时态：现存的客观情况，应以一般现在时为主。3.主体人称：主要是第三人称。联想词汇1.在之初at the beginning of2.从上到下from top to bottom3.在进行中get underway4.聚在一起get together句式升级1.有人说它是西方的感恩节、圣诞节和新年的结合。(1)people say that it is a combination of the western thanksgiving，christmas and new year.(运用宾语从句)(2)it is said that it is a combination of the western thanksgiving，christmas and new year.(运用it作形式主语)2.全家人都穿着新衣服聚在一起享受着美食和家庭的温馨。(1)all the family members usually get together at home，and they wear new clothes and enjoy all kinds of delicious food and the warmth of home.(运用并列句)(2)all the family members usually get together at home，wearing new clothes and enjoying all kinds of delicious food and the warmth of home.(运用现在分词作状语)dear peter，i am glad to receive your message.now i am writing to tell you something about the spring festival.it happens at the beginning of the lunar new year and lasts 15 days.it is said that it is a combination of the western thanksgiving，christmas and new year.preparations usually begin a month before the date of the chinese new year.people start buying presents，decoration materials，food and clothing.besides，before the new year，chinese houses are cleaned from top to bottom.during the festival，the main color is red，which means happiness and richness.all the family members usually get together at home，wearing new clothes and enjoying all kinds of delicious food and the warmth of home.i look forward to your coming in the next spring festival.yours，li hua.阅读理解alow-cost gifts for mothers daygift no.1offer to be your mothers health friend.promise to be there for any and all doctors visits whether a disease or a regular medical check-up.most mothers always say “no need”，but another set of eyes and ears is always a good idea at a doctors visit.the best part？this one is free.gift no.2help your mother organize all of her medical records，which include the test results and medical information.put them all in one place.be sure to make a list of all of her medicines and what times she takes them.“having all this information in one place could end up saving your mothers life，” dr.marie savard said.gift no.3enough sleep is connected to general health conditions.“buy your mother cotton sheets and comfortable pillows to encourage better sleep，” savard said.“we know that good sleep is very important to our health.”gift no.4some gift companies such as presents for purpose allow you to pay it forward this mothers day by picking gifts in which 10 percent of the price you pay goes to a charity(慈善机构).gift givers can choose from a wide variety of useful but inexpensive thingsmany of which are “green”and then choose a meaningful charity from a list.when your mother gets the gift，she will be told that she has helped the chosen charity.1.what are you advised to do for your mother at doctors visits?a.take notes. b.be with her.c.buy medicine. d.give her gifts.答案b解析细节理解题。根据gift no.1的内容可知，母亲去看医生时要陪着她。由此可知选b。2.where can you find a gift idea to improve your mothers sleep?a.in gift no.1. b.in gift no.2.c.in gift no.3. d.in gift no.4.答案c解析细节理解题。gift no.3的内容提到了改善母亲睡眠的事情。故选c。3.buying gifts from presents for purpose allows mothers to .a.enjoy good sleep b.be well-organizedc.get extra support d.give others help答案d解析细节理解题。根据gift no.4的内容可知，从presents for purpose买东西，要把你付的价钱中的十分之一捐给慈善机构。故选d。bnext thursday，november 27th(the fourth thursday in november)，americans will gather with family and friends to share a big meal to celebrate thanksgiving.they might play games，tell stories or watch football on television together.angelo rosa has more thanksgiving memories than most people.from drexel hill，pennsylvania，the 100-year-old man lives in the same house where he celebrated a great number of thanksgivings.but he says it was different when he was a child.mr rosa was just three when his family came to america.“when we were small children，thanksgiving was never a very big holiday because at the time we actually didnt pay too much attention to it.” but，also，he says，his parents faced a language difficulty.“they were from italy and spoke very broken english，because they were the first generation that came over here.”and the family had little money.there were six rosa children.mr rosas father was a coal miner in pennsylvania.the family was not able to have big，costly dinners，especially during the hard time of the 1930s.but mr rosa says thanksgiving dinners became a tradition in his own family after he married and had children.this thanksgiving，angelo rosa will go to the home of his daughter about twenty minutes away.he will celebrate the day with loved ones，including his great-grandchildren.on the other side of the century，cathie dahlstrom is preparing dishes for a group of 35 to 40 people in concord，california.we asked ms dahlstrom what she is thankful for this year，her first answer is “the election”.she said she is also deeply grateful for her very large family.ms dahlstrom has one daughter.she has five younger brothers and sisters.she also has eight stepbrothers and stepsisters.many of them and their families will be at the thanksgiving dinner.4.angelo rosa has more thanksgiving memories than most people because .a.he came from italyb.he has a large familyc.he has a longer lifed.he has a much older house答案c解析细节理解题。由于一般人很少有活过一百岁的，所以angelo rosa就比大多数人经历了更多的感恩节，回忆的内容自然也就多了。5.at mr rosas childhood，thanksgiving was not a big holiday for the following reasons except that .a.the family couldnt afford expensive dinnersb.the family couldnt communicate well with the local peoplec.the family didnt recognize it as an important holidayd.during the 1930s no one could afford expensive dinners答案d解析细节理解题。选项a、b、c均是对原文第三、四段相应句子的复述；第四段中的“.especially during the hard time of the 1930s.”是对这一困难时期的强调，但是并非所有的人都没钱过一个像样的感恩节，选项d是对此处的曲解。6.from ms dahlstroms words，we can infer that .a.she is content with both her family，relatives and the societyb.she is thankful for her effort in the election and her familyc.she has always been celebrating thanksgiving this wayd.her daughter has a large family with stepbrothers and stepsisters答案a解析推理判断题。ms dahlstrom有两个感激：“总统选举”和“大家庭”，由此可推断出她无论对社会还是对家庭都是充满感激和爱的。7.who probably wrote the passage?a.a close friend of mr rosa and ms dahlstroms.b.a journalist for a radio or tv station.c.a university student who majors in history.d.an actress who wants to experience real life.答案b解析推理判断题。文中数次出现直接引语，在最后一段中出现了“we asked.”。由此判断出这篇文章可能是广播电台或电视台的记者写的。.语法填空(2018四川眉山中学高二期中)as a working mom with three young sons，keeping the house clean is 8.a big challenge.although we clean the house every week，one hour later after 9.cleaning(clean) our bedrooms and bathrooms are back to their messy look.when they 10.are asked(ask)，my boys will help neaten their rooms，clear their plates from the table and pick up their school junk.but i need to remind them 11.of it again and again.if i dont remind them，i will step over all the things 12.that make my house look like a garbage can.this is quite a change from my pre-kid years when i never 13.left(leave) any waste in the house.when last week i found a program 14.called(call) “share a healthy habit” on a newspaper，i saw a great chance to engage my sons in cleaning chores.why not encourage these 15.behaviors(behave) during the summer，while school is out and their life is 16. relaxing (relax)? the goal for my boys is to clean their own dorm room by themselves when they are free.the rewards for clean habits start young and continue as they get 17.older(old) so i need to start my plan as soon as possible.短文改错(2018湖北襄阳四中高二月考)if you are on the street，you will see all kinds of people passing by.its not rare to see people with bad manner.some throw away rubbish casually.some spits in public.some even sit or lie on the ground，completely ignore others feelings.people feel really badly about the behavior.to be honesty，smoking in public places makes me really annoying.as it is known to us all，smoking does harm for peoples health.no