外研版高考英语必修一语法精析探究 学案：Module 3 Period Three.doc

period threegrammar & writing单元语法过去分词作定语和用于一般过去时的时间状语.用所给动词的正确形式填空1we ate great meals cooked(cook) by experts!2we saw abandoned(abandon) farms which were built more than a hundred years ago.3for many years，trained(train) camels carried food and other supplies，and returned with wool and other products.4recently i had(have) my first ride on a long-distance train.5one night，at about midnight，i watched(watch) the night sky for about an hour.6a long time ago，australians needed(need) a way to travel to the middle of the country.7the afghans and their camels did(do) this until the 1920s.8in 1925，they passed(pass) a law which allowed people to shoot the animals if they were a problem.翻译句子1上周末，简吃了一顿她外婆做的美餐。last weekend，jane ate a nice meal (which was) cooked by her grandmother.2前天我们举行了一场篮球赛。we held a basketball match the day before yesterday.3前几天，robert去北京出差了。robert went to beijing on business the other day.4玛丽过去常常一周来拜访我一次。mary used to pay a visit to/visit me once a week.5当我还是个小男孩时，我常去那个公园玩。when i was a boy，i often went to play in that park.一、过去分词作定语过去分词有两个显著的特点，即：从时间上讲，表示动作已经完成；从语态上讲，表示被动的概念。但是，如果是不及物动词的过去分词形式，则只表示时间上的过去，而没有被动意义。1过去分词作定语的位置(1)单个过去分词及由过去分词构成的复合形容词作定语时，通常置于被修饰词之前，但修饰代词时，需要置于被修饰词之后。如：a retired worker一位退休的工人the given question给定的问题qualified teachers合格的教师everybody invited所有被邀请的人注意：leave的过去分词left表示“剩余的，剩下的”时，置于被修饰词之后。如：i have only one coin left.我只剩下一枚硬币了。(2)过去分词短语作定语要后置，放在被修饰词之后。如：the languages used in germany在德国使用的语言the book written in simple english用浅显的英语写成的书2过去分词作定语，相当于一个定语从句，但它比定语从句更简短。过去分词短语作后置定语时，如果和中心词之间有逗号，则可以将其转换成非限制性定语从句；若无逗号，则可以将其转换成限制性定语从句。i want to take away the book shown to me yesterday.i want to take away the book which was shown to me yesterday.我想带走(你)昨天给我看的那本书。the olympic games，first held in 776 bc，did not include women competitors until 1912.the olympic games，which were first held in 776 bc，did not include women competitors until 1912.于公元前776年首次举办的奥运会直到1912年才允许女运动员参赛。3表示情感的动词的过去分词有些表示情感或心理状态的过去分词已经完全形容词化，常见的这类过去分词有：disappointed(失望的)，moved(感动的)，interested(感兴趣的)，surprised(感到惊讶的)，shocked(震惊的，震撼的)，puzzled(迷惑不解的)，frightened(受惊吓的)等。如：a frightened girl一个受惊吓的女孩。4不及物动词的过去分词一些不及物动词也有过去分词形式，由于不及物动词不可以直接跟宾语，所以不及物动词的过去分词作定语时只表示动作的完成，而没有被动意义。如：newly-arrived passengers刚到的旅客fallen leaves落叶5过去分词常和形容词、副词或名词构成复合形容词作定语the newly-built hotel was burnt in the fire.新建的宾馆在火灾中被烧掉了。二、用于一般过去时的时间状语1一般过去时表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作时，常与always，usually，often，sometimes，never等时间状语连用。when i was a child，i often played football in the street.当我是个孩子时，我经常在街上踢足球。i always got up late，and never had enough time for breakfast.我总是起床很晚，从来没有足够的时间吃早饭。2一般过去时表示在过去某一具体的时间里所发生的动作或存在的状态时，常用的时间状语有a moment ago，just now，yesterday，last week，an hour ago，the other day，in 1982，last year，in the tang dynasty等。where did you go yesterday?你昨天去哪里了？3一般过去时也可与today，this week，in the old days，during.，when引导的时间状语从句，recently，until.，“since时间点”等时间状语连用。they recently moved to a new house.最近他们搬进了新居。during his middle school years，he often went for the competition.他在中学时代经常参加竞赛。i saw him today.我今天见过他。.单句语法填空1the publication of great expectations，which was(be) both widely reviewed and highly praised，strengthened dickens status as a leading novelist.(2017江苏)2i was driving(drive) down to london when i suddenly found that i was on the wrong road.(2017天津)3did(do) you call that company to see how they think of our product yesterday?yes.they are happy with it.(2017北京)4jack was working(work) in the lab when the power cut occurred.(2016北京)5to return to the problem of water pollution，id like you to look at a study conducted(conduct) in australia in 2012.(2016浙江)6it was raining lightly when i arrived(arrive) in yangshuo just before dawn.(2015全国)7did you enjoy the party?yes.we were treated(treat) well by our hosts.(2015北京)8is peter coming?no，he changed(change) his mind after a phone call at the last minute.(2015重庆)9i wasnt able to hide my eagerness when i asked(ask)，“what do you wish me to do now？”(2015湖南)10the real reason why prices were(be)，and still are，too high is complex，and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.(2015江苏).单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1before getting into the car，i thought i had learned the instructors orders，but once i started the car，my mind blank.(2017全国，短文改错)2about one month after this photo was taken，i entered my second year of high school and a new member of the school music club.(2017全国，短文改错)3we up early in the morning.dad cleaned the house，and then went shopping.(2016四川，短文改错)4while they ，my father would lift my sister and me up to sit on the top of the fridge.(2016浙江，短文改错)5when i was a child，i hoped to live in the city.i i would be happy there.(2015全国，短文改错)6as i you last time，i made three new friends here.(2015四川，短文改错)7this morning she barking even before 5 oclock.(2014辽宁，短文改错)8nearly five years ，and with the help of our father，my sister and i planted some cherry tomatoes(圣女果) in our back garden.(2014新课标全国，短文改错)9i was only four when she away.(2013新课标全国，短文改错)10do you want to know why we last week？(2013浙江，短文改错).单句语法填空1dont put the waste on the ground.oh，im very sorry.i didnt see(not，see) the dustbin there.2robert gave(give) me his address the other day，but im afraid i have lost it.3mr smith came(come) to see you just now.4we often went(go) out for a walk after supper when we lived in the countryside.5the fire broke(break) out during the night.完成句子6上次提到的那本书已经卖光了。the book referred to last time has been sold out.7上周进行的调查结果如下。the results of the survey conducted last week are as follows.8美国是个高度发达的国家。america is a highly-developed country.9她脸上带着困惑的表情在倾听。she listened with a puzzled expression on her face.10污染的空气对我们的健康有害。the polluted air is bad for our health.语法填空(2017山西晋中名校高一上联考)my friend had a chance to make a trip 11.to hong kong last year.he had dreamed about 12.visiting(visit) it since his boyhood and it was the first time that he 13.had been(be) there.the following was 14.what he had seen.arriving there，he 15.was attracted(attract) by its beautiful scenery and tall buildings.it is said that hong kong has the most skyscrapers in the world.wherever he went，he saw many smiling faces there.people in hong kong were kind，generous，easygoing and ready 16.to help(help) others.much to his surprise，he saw that people there always kept order in public places.though crowds of people 17.were waiting(wait) for the next train at the subway station，they were talking in such a low voice as not to disturb one another.chinese and english are their official languages.english is 18.widely(wide) used in governments，markets，service centers and other fields.19staying(stay) there for only a week was a good experience for him,20.which he will never forget.单元写作writing about ones experiences以旅游为题材的书面表达是比较常见的一类写作形式，游记类的写作属于记叙文的范畴。游记就是将自己在游览过程中的所见所闻和所想记录下来，重在介绍风光景点、名胜古迹、风土人情等，抒发自己参观游览的体验感受。写这类记叙文应注意：1游记类的记叙文主要是按照时间顺序把旅游的过程介绍给别人。对于旅游的过程和感受，可以交叉进行，也可以在文章的最后写旅游感受。表达旅游感受可用感叹句。2要用过渡词或时间状语把旅游过程的要点连接起来。3要融入真情实感。要把自己的思想感情融进文章里，做到既有所见所闻，又有所思所感，这样可以丰富文章内涵，深化写作主题，使文章更具感染力。4文章时态主要用一般过去时态，但描述景色、旅游地概况或发表议论时可用现在时态。人称用第一人称。1last week，i paid a visit to mount emei in sichuan province with my family.2during the national day holidays，i went to beijing for five days with my classmates and my teachers.3there were so many animals in the sea museum，and some of them looked very lovely，for example，penguins，seals and more.4then，we visited the palace museum and the summer palace，which were both good places to take pictures.5even though my travel seems really short，my memory of the pleasant trip will last long.6summer travel made me grow a lot of knowledge and understand a lot of history，legend and folklore(民俗)7traveling to beidaihe is always a dream in my heart，so ill treat it as a chance for me to broaden my horizons.8i could not but admit that it was a most pleasant and unforgettable travel.假如你叫李华，暑假去了西双版纳旅游。请你给你的美国朋友helen写一封100词左右的信，告诉她西双版纳的风土人情。1西双版纳位于云南省南部，东南与老挝相连，西南与缅甸接壤，总面积为19 582平方公里，人口113万。2气候终年温暖湿润。3西双版纳环境优美，既是植物王国又是动物王国，并被誉为“药材之乡”。4以泼水节的形式庆祝新年。注意：开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：老挝laos；缅甸burma；湿润humid；药材之乡a herb garden；泼水splash water写作要求是根据提示写一篇游记，介绍西双版纳。写作时应注意下面三点：1确定文体：这是一篇游记，属于记叙文的范畴。2主体时态：文章应以一般过去时为主，介绍西双版纳概况时可用一般现在时态。3主体人称：文章应该以第一人称为主。联想词汇1位于lie in2占地面积cover an area of3有人口have a population of4盛产be rich in5被称作be called句式升级1西双版纳位于云南省南部，东南与老挝相连，西南与缅甸接壤。xishuangbanna lies in the south of yunnan province with laos to the southeast and burma to the southwest.(with复合结构)xishuangbanna lies in the south of yunnan province，which is connected with laos to the southeast and burma to the southwest.(非限制性定语从句)located in the south of yunnan province，xishuangbanna is connected with laos to the southeast and burma to the southwest.(过去分词短语作状语)2它总面积为19 582平方公里，人口113万。it covers an area of 19,582 square kilometers and has a population of 1,130,000.(并列句)it covers an area of 19,582 square kilometers with a population of 1,130,000.(with)covering an area of 19,582 square kilometers，it has a population of 1,130,000.(现在分词短语作状语)3西双版纳环境优美，既是植物王国又是动物王国，并被誉为“药材之乡”。xishuangbanna is rich in animals as well as plants and is also called “a herb garden”(as well as；并列句)xishuangbanna is not only rich in plants and animals，but it is also famous as “a herb garden”not only.but (also).4人们以泼水节的形式庆祝新年。people here splash water on each other to celebrate the new year.(不定式短语作目的状语)people here celebrate the new year by splashing water on each other.(“bydoing”短语作方式状语)dear helen，this summer i went on a tenday tour to xishuangbanna.xishuangbanna is one of the most beautiful places in china.it lies in the south of yunnan province with laos to the southeast and burma to the southwest.covering an area of 19,582 square kilometers，it has a population of 1,130,000.the environment here is friendly.its warm and humid all year long.xishuangbanna is rich in animals as well as plants and is also called “a herb garden”what impressed me most was that people here splash water on each other.i was told that they do this to celebrate the new year.by the way，i bought some souvenirs and im going to give one to you as a gift.im looking forward to seeing you.best wishes.yours，li hua.阅读理解a(2018甘肃嘉峪关一中高一上期中)active new zealandadventure tours in new zealand and south americawebsite：phoneestinations：south pacific，new zealand，south america，argentina，chile，peru，ecuador，costa ricaactivities：bicycling，mountain，road，crosscountry/touring，seakayaking，hiking & trekking(远足)，backpacking，exploring，day hiking，family，scubadiving(带水肺潜水)，rainforest，wildlife，walkingadventure lifeexceptional travel in latin america and antarcticawebsite：phoneestinations：antarctica，south america，argentina，chile，peru，ecuador，bolivia，central america，belize，costa rica，panamaactivities：kayaking，rafting，seakayaking，hiking & trekking，backpacking，exploring，day hiking，multisport，cultural，archaeological(考古的)，historical，scuba & snorkeling，nature，rainforest，wildlife，ecofocused，culturefocused，expedition cruisingadventure spirit/travel networkadventure tour operatortravel agencywebsite：phoneestinations：asia，europe，south pacific，antarctica，africa，south america，north americaactivities：bicycling，paddlesport，snowsport，hiking & trekking，caving，family，multisport，cultural，beach & watersport，scuba & snorkeling，nature，photography，safari，geotourism，fishing & fishing lodges，sailing & cruise，other，expedition cruising，space，educational，walking，horseback/dude ranch(牧场)，selfdrive，around the world tours.1which of the following are not country names?abolivia & chilebargentina & costa ricacperu & new zealanddsafari & scuba答案d解析推理判断题。根据第三则广告activities中的“scuba & snorkeling.safari”可知safari & scuba是活动名称而不是国家名称，故选d。2if jackson wants to travel around the world，he can call .18003446118none of the above答案a解析细节理解题。根据第三则广告中的“website：phone可知如果jackson想环球旅游，他可以拨打电3which of the following statements is true according to the three advertisements?aboth travel network and adventure life can take you to africa.bif you want to enjoy beach & watersport，you can callcactive new zealand can provide you adventure tours in new zealand and antarctica.dif you are interested in history，you can click for more information.答案d解析推理判断题。根据adventure life中的“website：”及“activities：.archaeological(考古的)，historical，scuba & snorkeling”可知如果你对历史感兴趣，可以点击获得更多信息。故选d。4this text is most probably taken from the column of .aeducation btravelchistory dphotography答案b解析文章出处题。根据文章内容可知这三则广告谈的是有关旅行的事情，故最有可能来自“旅行栏目”，故选b。b(2017重庆一中高一上月考)that cold january night，i was growing sick of my life in san francisco.there i was，walking home at one in the morning after a tiring practice at the theatre.with opening night only a week ago，i was still learning my lines.i was having trouble dealing with my parttime job at the bank and my acting at night at the same time.as i walked，i thought seriously about giving up both acting and san francisco.city life had become too much for me.as i walked down empty streets under tall buildings，i felt very small and cold.i began running，both to keep warm and to keep away from any possible robbers(抢劫犯)very few people were still out except a few sadlooking homeless people under blankets.about a block from my apartment，i heard a sound behind me.i turned quickly，half expecting to see someone with a knife or a gun.the street was empty.all i saw was a shining streetlight.still，the noise had made me nervous，so i started to run faster.not until i reached my apartment building and unlocked the door did i realize what the noise had been.it had been my wallet falling to the sidewalk.suddenly i wasnt cold or tired anymore.i ran out of the door and back to where id heard the noise.although i searched the sidewalk anxiously for fifteen minutes，my wallet was nowhere to be found.just as i was about to give up the search，i heard the garbage truck(垃圾车) pull up to the sidewalk next to me.when a voice called from the inside，“alisa camacho” i thought i was dreaming.how could this man know my name？the door opened，and out jumped a small redhaired man with an amused look in his eyes.“is this what youre looking for？” he asked，holding up a small square shape.it was nearly 3 am by the time i got into bed.i wouldnt get much sleep that night，but i had gotten my wallet back.i also had gotten back some enjoyment of city life.i realized that the city couldnt be a bad place as long as people were willing to help each other.语篇解读文章讲述的是作者在一天的工作之后，对这个城市，对生活，对工作都失去了兴趣。后来因为得到了别人的帮助而找回丢失的钱包，又重新燃起了对这个城市的喜爱之情。5how did the writer feel when she was walking home after work?acold and sick.bfortunate and helpful.csatisfied and cheerful.ddisappointed and helpless.答案d解析推理判断题。由第一段中作者所用的一些词比如：cold，sick of(对厌恶)，tiring及trouble等以及“i thought seriously about giving up both acting and san francisco.city life had become too much for me.”可以推断作者凌晨才结束排练，在回家路上感到对生活的无助和失望。故选d项。6on her way home the writer .alost her wallet unknowinglybwas stopped by a garbage truck drivercwas robbed of her wallet by an armed mandfound some homeless people following her答案a解析细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句可知，作者回到家之后才发现钱包丢了。故a项正确。7in the fifth paragraph，why did the writer say she was dreaming?asomeone offered to take her back home.ba redhaired man came to see her.cshe heard someone call her name.dher wallet was found in a garbage truck.答案c解析细节理解题。根据第五段中的“how could this man know my name？”可知，作者认为这里没有人知道她的名字，因此当听到别人叫她的名字时，她觉得自己在做梦，故选c项。8from the text，we can infer that the writer .awould stop working at nightbwould stay on in san franciscocwould make friends with cleanersdwould give up her job at the bank答案b解析推理判断题。根据最后一段最后两句可知，作者认为这个城市其实还是有可爱之处的，并没有以前认为的那么糟糕。由此可推知，她将会继续待在这个城市。故选b项。.语法填空(2018河南郑州一中高一上段考)the socalled americanization phenomenon seems to be more a result of the recent globalization (全球化) in our world.if we find various american products worldwide，it is also increasingly common 9.to find(find) asian products in the united states.10going(go) to any country in asia nowadays，we will see many of the american icons everywhere.a few years 11.ago when i was in vietnam，i was 12.completely(complete) surprised at the number of advertisements about products from multinational companies，many of them american.it is unforgettable for me to see the huge coca cola billboard shown on 13.an unnamed long and narrow street.since i moved to america，i 14.have discovered (discover) many asian products in america，from movies to foods.either in san francisco 15.or in seattle，we can go to the cinema and enjoy the 16.attractive( attract) american movie kung fu panda，and take home spring rolls from one of the many chinese restaurants in town.i know that many people would like 17.to reduce(reduce) the globalization process in the world because they think they are losing their own culture，but it is very difficult to stop this process.we can only try to be wise and choose 18.what is better for us to have or to buy.短文改错(2018辽宁六校协作体高一上期中)there was a time when my sist