【优化设计】北师大版高中英语必修3学案设计：Unit 8 Adventure10 Word版含解析.doc

课时作业10lesson 2extreme sports.用所给词的正确形式填空1she very _ (obvious) wanted to be left alone.2the _ (similar) between mars and the earth were enough to keep alive hopes of some forms of martian lives.3the captain was not willing to risk _ (take) his ship through the straits until he could see where he was going.4he sent off copies to _ (vary) people for them to read and make comments.5he knew how important a piece of _ (equip) the radio was when he could get in touch with the outside world.6i cant stand _ (study) in a noisy environment.7he was _(extreme) sad.8on her _(arrive), she got down to cleaning the yard.9the _(organize) plays an important role in helping the poor.10he has a _(prefer) for music, especially pop music.答案1anization10.preference.单句语法填空1i decided to take _ playing chess as a hobby.解析：take up 开始，从事。答案：up2he promised to come to my party but he didnt turn _.解析：turn up 出现，露面。答案：up3he is keen _ sports while im fond _ art.解析：be keen on 喜欢；be fond of 喜欢。答案：on; of4he has a _ (prefer) for rock climbing.解析：have a preference for 偏爱。答案：preference5_ order to pass the exam, he worked hard.解析：in order to 为了。答案：in6i cant stand _ (live) in noisy surroundings.解析：stand 后跟动名词作宾语。答案：living7he tried _ (knock) at the back door but there was no answer.解析：try doing 尝试做某事。答案：knocking8he seemed to wait _ ages. but its not worth _.解析：for ages 很久；be worth doing 值得做。答案：for; waiting9_ (obvious) he got impatient.解析：副词作状语。答案：obviously10i cant get _ my idea to her.解析：get across 使被理解。答案：across.语法填空a: what sports do you like doing?b: im really _1_ ice skating. what about you?a: im very keen _2_ playing tennis, _3_ is exciting. but my sister likes basketball. she decided to take _4_ playing football.b: i have a _5_ (prefer) for playing volleyball. we need a lot of time to set up the _6_ (equip). but its worth _7_ (wait). its difficult to get _8_ how exciting it is.a: yes. i hate _9_ when i have to stand for a long time. i cant stand _10_ (stand) in the sun.答案与解析1intobe into 喜欢。2onbe keen on 喜爱。3whichwhich 引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语。4uptake up 开始，从事。5preferencehave a preference for 偏爱。6equipment名词作宾语。7waitingbe worth 后跟动名词。8acrossget across 使(被)理解。9itit 作形式宾语。10standingstand 意为“忍受”时，其后跟动名词形式作宾语。.阅读理解you may not have heard of ashoka, but for the past 27 years，this association, founded by bill drayton, has fought poverty (贫穷)and sickness, promoted education and encouraged small businesses. to support these worthy causes, ashoka provides money for the worlds most promising “changemakers” seeking to solve (解决) urgent problems and would like to create a world in which every citizen is a changemaker.drayton believes that anyone can become an agent for change. the important thing is to simply give yourself permission. if you see a problem that you care about, you can help solve it. the young in particular are willing to accept this concept because at heart every child wants to grow into a happy, healthy, contributing adult. in fact，it is many young peoples ambition to set up programmes or businesses that improve social conditions. an excellent example is an ashoka project started in 1995 in dhaka, which handled the rubbish problem facing the city，helped local farmers and provided an income for poor people there.when masqsood and iftekhar began to study the problem of all the uncollected rubbish that lay in dhakas streets，attracting rats and disease, they discovered that 80% of it was natural waste. so they educated the poor people in the city to compost (把制成堆肥)this waste. they knew that they would have a market for the end product because local farmers were struggling with chemical fertilisers (化肥) which were expensive and had reduced the natural minerals in the soil over the years. at first, they were refused，but once they were able to persuade them that there was money to be made, the project took off. in 2009 sales were $14,000.drayton is optimistic that in ten years ashoka will be making really serious，practical progress in bringing about social change by changing the way we look at economic development.1which of the following could be the best title for the passage?achangemakers bbusinessmencsocial conditions drubbish problem2the underlined word “them” in paragraph 3 probably refers to“_.”athe local farmers bmasqsood and iftekharcdrayton and his teamdthe poor people in dhaka3it can be concluded from the passage that anyone can become a changemaker if he_.aconsiders draytons conceptbgets permission from ashokactries to improve social conditionsdis a young, happy and healthy adult4the authors attitude towards ashokas program can be described as_.achanging bforgivingccautious dpositive答案与解析本文以 bill drayton 以及 masqsood 和 iftekhar 的事例，告诉我们只要我们看到问题，并去解决问题，我们每个人都会成为引起变化的人。1a标题概括题。文章第一段引出 bill drayton，后面提到 masqsood 和 iftekhar 的事例，告诉我们只要我们看到问题，并去解决问题，我们每个人都会成为引起变化的人。其中第一段最后一句，第二段第一句都突出了主题。故选a项。2d指代判断题。第三段中提到，masqsood 和 iftekhar 发现 dhaka 的街头堆满垃圾，于是他们教当地的人们怎样把这些垃圾制成肥料，而同时这个地区的农民很穷，化肥又很贵。一开始，他们向这儿的人们推荐时，被拒绝了，但是一旦他们说服 dhaka 的人制造肥料，他们两人就有了商机。可知此处 them 是指 dhaka 当地的人们，故选d项。3c推理判断题。第二段前两句深化主题，后面及第三段中举的例子都说明了“只要设法改善社会现状，任何人可以成为引起变化的人”这个道理。故选c项。4d观点态度题。全文以 ashoka 的成功引出主题，以事实来说明“anyone can become a changemaker if he tries to improve social conditions”这个主题，可知作者持肯定的、积极支持的态度，故选d项。.阅读填句britains high streets are dying slowlytwenty years ago, the prosperous high street (繁华商业区) was the heart of most cities. it was crowded with customers. _1_ nowadays, high streets are declining, with very few shops and shoppers. with about 14 shops down every day, britains high streets are dying little by little._2_ its fairly easy to understand. to start with, people are spending less because of the economic recession (衰退). on top of that, more and more people are using the internet to do their shopping. and it is not easy for shopkeepers in the high streets, either. _3_ finally, there are the outoftown retail parks with free car parking that sell just about everything at very low prices.what can be done? prime minister david cameron has hired mary portas, a british business woman and star of tv show mary queen of shops, to bring some life back into britains high streets. shes talked about creating “magnets (磁石)” to attract people back to the centre. _4_ in one town, a bicycle rickshaw (人力车) service is delivering peoples shopping to their homes. _5_ where children can be cared for while parents are shopping.members of the public have also voiced their opinions. “my ideal shopping center is one where theres a wide selection of attractive looking shops, with cheap parking and good public transport links，” said a 28yearold man. “id like to see night shopping evenings where shops are open through to 10 pm or later，” said a 22yearold girl.a. they have to pay increasing high rents.b. but he is not the only one to solve the problem.c. but thats all changed.d. in another town, they set up a nursery，e. in another town, they set up night shopping centers，f. they can make a fortune overnight.g. why are high streets in such a desperate situation?答案15cgabd.语法填空this happened in a thirdgrade classroom. jim sat at his desk and all of _1_ sudden, there was a puddle (一滩水) between his feet and the front of his trousers was wet. he felt his heart was going to stop. he knew _2_ would happen when his classmates found out. he looked up and there came the teacher with a look in her eyes _3_ said he had been discovered.as the teacher was walking towards him, a classmate _4_ (name) susie was carrying a goldfish bowl full of water to her desk. suddenly, susie tripped (绊倒) and _5_ (strange), dumped the whole bowl of water in jims lap. he pretended _6_ (be) angry, but all the while he was saying deep in his heart，“thank you！”jim became the object of sympathy instead _7_ ridicule (嘲笑). the teacher brought him gym shorts to put on. all the others crawled (爬) on their hands and knees, _8_ (clean) up around his desk. but as life would have it, the ridicule that should have been his had been transferred (转移) to susie. she tried to help, but they told her to leave the room. _9_ school was over, jim walked over to susie and whispered，“you did that _10_ purpose, didnt you？”susie whispered back，“i wet my trousers once, too！”答案与解析1aall of a sudden 突然。2whatwhat 引导宾语从句，在从句中作主语。3that/which先行词为物，定语从句中缺主语，故用 that/which 引导。4namedclassmate 与name 之间为被动关