主谓一致1_精品课件11.ppt

Subject VerbAgreement 主谓一致 Bothboystheirownhobbies TheclassbusyingwritingEnglishpassages NeitheryounorIwrong Canyoufindoutsomegrammarrules have are am Thegroup madeupofninestudents Thegroup dancinghappily is are 主谓一致 谓语动词在人称和数上要和主语一致 语法一致 意义一致 就近一致 主谓一致 单数名词单数代词动词不定式短语谓单动名词短语从句主语为复数谓复 一 语法一致原则1 当主语是 Examples Hisfatherworkingonthefarm TostudyEnglishwellnoteasy Whathesaidveryimportantforusall Thechildrenintheclassroomtwohoursago Readinginthesunbadforyoureyes is is is is were 2 由连接词and或both and连接起来的合成主语后面 要用复数形式的谓语动词 如 LucyandLilytwins BothsheandheYoungPioneers are are 3 主语为单数名词或代词 尽管后面跟有with togetherwith except but like aswellas ratherthan morethan nolessthan besides including等引起的短语 谓语动词仍用单数形式 若主语为复数 谓语用复数形式 1 Theteacherwithtwostudents atthemeeting was were 2 E mail aswellasthetelephones animportantpartindailycommunication A isplayingB haveplayedC areplayingD play was A 4 either neither each every或no 单数名词和由some any no every构成的复合不定代词 都作单数看待 如 Eachofusanewbook have Everythingaroundusmatter has is 由each every no manya所修饰的名词 即使用and连接作主语 谓语动词一般用单数 e g Eachmanandwoman thesamerights A hasB haveC hadD ishaving 注意 在口语中当neither后跟有 of 复数名词 或代词 作主语时 其谓语动词也可用复数 如 Neitherofthetextsis are interesting 若noneof后面的名词是不可数名词 它的谓语动词就要用单数 若它后面的名词是复数 它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以 如 Noneofushas have beentoAmerica 1 Nothing be difficultintheworldifyousetyourmindtoit is 不定代词everybodyeveryoneeverythinganyoneanybodyanythingsomeonesomebodysomethingnobodynoonenothingeachtheother等作主语时 谓语动词用单数 2 Everythingready be is 3 Someonetoseeyou want wants 5 在定语从句里 关系代词that who which等作主语时 其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致 如 Heisoneofmyfriendswhowasworkinghard Heistheonlyoneofmyfriendswhoisworkinghard 6 如果集体名词指的是整个集体 它的谓语动词用单数 如果它指集体的成员 其谓语动词就用复数形式 这些词有family class crowd committee population audience等 如 ClassFouronthethirdfloor ClassFourunabletoagreeuponamonitor 注意 people police cattle等名词一般都用作复数 如 Thepolicelookingforthelostchild is are are 7 由 alotof lotsof plentyof therestof someof 名词 构成的短语以及由 分数或百分数 名词 构成的短语作主语 其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定 如 Therealotofpeopleintheclassroom Therestofthelecturewonderful 注意 anumberof 许多 作定语修饰复数名词 谓语用复数 thenumberof 的数量 主语是number 谓语用单数 are is 8 在倒装句中 谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致 如 Therethebus come Onthewallmanypictures Suchtheresult comes are is 1 what who which any more all等代词可以是单数 也可是复数 主要靠意思来决定 如 Whichyourbag Whichyourbags Allgoingwell 二 意义一致原则 is are is 2 表示 时间 重量 长度 价值 金钱 等的名词的复数作主语时 谓语动词通常用单数形式 这是由于作主语的名词在概念上是一个整体如 Thirtyminutesenoughforthework 3 由分数或百分数或alotof lotsof halfof therestof someof mostof allof a partof 名词作主语时 谓语动词的形式与of后面的名词的数一致e g Lotsofdamage be causedbythefire Somestudentsareplantingtrees Therestofthem be wateringthem Ontheearthabout75 ofthesurface be coveredwithwater is was are is 4 表数量的短语 oneandahalf 后接复数名词作主语时 其谓语动词可用单数形式 也可用复数 如 Oneandahalfapplesleftonthetable 5 算式中表示数目 字 的主语通常作单数看待 其谓语动词采用单数形式 如 Twelvepluseighttwenty is are is 6 7 一些学科名词是以 ics结尾 如 mathematics politics physics以及news works等 都属于形式上是复数的名词 实际意义为单数名词 它们作主语时 其谓语动词要用单数形式 如 Thepaperworksbuiltin1990 Ithinkphysicseasytostudy was isn t 8 trousers glasses clothes shoes 等词作主语时 谓语用复数 但如果这些名词前有a the pairof等量词修饰时 谓语动词用单数 如 Myglassesbroken Thepairofshoesunderthebedhis 9 定冠词the 形容词或分词 表示某一类人时 动词用复数 are is 三 就近一致原则 1 当两个主语由either or neither nor notonly butalso连接时 谓语动词和邻近的主语一致 如 Eithertheteacherorthestudentsourfriends Neithertheynorhewhollyright are is 2 therebe句型be动词单复数取决于其后的主语 如果其后是由and连接的两个主语 则应与靠近的那个主语保持一致 如 Theretwochairsandadeskintheroom Thereadeskandtwochairsintheroom are is 温故知新 Exercises 1 Oneortwodays enoughtoseethecity A isB areC amD be2 NeithermywifenorImyself abletopersuademydaughtertochangehermind A isB areC amD be 3 NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother A isB areC amD be4 Nottheteacher butthestudents lookingforwardtoseeingthefilm A isB areC amD be 5 NobodybutBettyandMary lateforclassyesterday A wasB wereC hasbeenD havebeen6 Awomanwithsomechildren soon A iscomingB arecomingC hascomeD havecome Homework Reviewwhatwehavelearnttoday Thankyouforlistening Attention 若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时 它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式 如 Thewriterandartistcome 由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no each every morethana an manya an 修饰时 其谓语动词要用单数形式 如 Everystudentandeveryte