四级篇章词汇理解(含答案).doc

篇章词汇理解专项扫雷训练Part Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Passage 1 Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage. Americans are proud of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform. Why are uniforms so 47 in the United States? Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more 48 than civilian（百姓的）clothes. People have become conditioned to 49 superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to 50 more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the 51 of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What an easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to 52 professional identity（身份）than to step out of uniform? Uniforms also have many 53 benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes. Primary among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of 54 experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without 55 , until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act 56 , on the job at least. A) skillB) popularC) getD) changeE) similarlyF) professional G) characterH) individualityI) inspireJ) differentlyK) expectL) practicalM) recall N) loseO) ordinaryPassage 2 Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage. What is it about Americans and food? We love to eat, but we feel 47 about it afterward. We say we want only the best, but we strangely enjoy junk food. Were 48 with health and weight loss but face an unprecedented epidemic of obesity. Perhaps the 49 to this ambivalence lies in our history. The first Europeans came to this continent searching for new spices but went in vain. The first cash crop wasnt eaten but smoked. Then there was Prohibition, intended to prohibit drinking but actually encouraging more 50 ways of doing it.The immigrant experience, too, has been one of in harmony. Do as Romans do means eating what “real Americans” eat, but our nations food has come to be 51 by imports-pizza, say, or hot dogs. And some of the countrys most treasured cooking comes from people who arrived here in shackles. Perhaps it should come as no surprise then that food has been a medium for the nations defining struggles, whether at the Boston Tea Party or the sit-ins at southern lunch counters. It is integral to our concepts of health and even morality whether one refrains from alcohol for religious reasons or evades meat for political 52 . But strong opinions have not brought 53 . Americans are ambivalent about what they put in their mouths. We have become 54 of our foods, especially as we learn more about what they contain. The 55 in food is still prosperous in the American consciousness. Its no coincidence, then, that the first Thanksgiving holds the American imagination in such bondage(束缚).Its what we eatand how we 56 it with friends.A) answerB) resultC) shareD) guiltyE) constantF) definedG) vanishH) adaptedI) creativeJ) beliefK) suspiciousL) certaintyM) obsessedN) identifyO) idealsPassage 3 Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage. Wise buying is a positive way in which you can make your money go further. The way you go about purchasing an article or a service can actually 47 you money or can add to the cost. Take the 48 example of a hairdryer. If you are buying a hairdryer, you might think that you are making the 49 buy if you choose one whose look you like and which is also the cheapest 50 price. But when you get it home you may find that it takes twice as long as a more expensive 51 to dry your hair. The cost of the electricity your time could well make your hairdryer the most expensive one of all. So what principles should you 52 when you go out shopping? If you keep your home, your car or any valuable 53 in excellent condition, youll be saving money in the long run. Before you buy a new 54 , talk to someone who owns one .If you can, use it or borrow it to check it suits your particular purpose. Before you buy an expensive 55 , or a service, do check the price and what is on offer. If possible, choose 56 three items or three estimates. A) possessionB) saveC) best D) applianceE) material F) from G) simple H) with I) in J) element K) model L) item M) easy N) easy O) reasonable Passage 4 Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage. Videoconferencing is nothing more than a television set or PC monitor with a camera. Through the videoconferencing, not only your voice but also your face, the surroundings and any other graphic and physical 47 can be captured and transmitted through the communication system with or without wires. Of course, when you go into the details, the technology involved is very 48 and the subject matter littered with jargon. Such as ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network), POTS (Plain Old Telephone Service) or the 49 behind bandwidth, latency and isochrones which are used to explain how videoconferencing works. Good people communication is 50 in any business, and the more interaction you can achieve, the more likely it is that your 51 will be the right ones. Videoconferencing not only allows you to speak to people in different locations, but also note 52 expressions and gestures that let you know what the other person is really thinking. Meetings are made more 53 by sharing documents and computer applications that a simple telephone cannot 54 . 55 , organizations are discovering the competitive advantages and the power of videoconferencing. With advances in performance, economical pricing, the ability to 56 essential meeting tools and connectivity to global telephone networks and standardized videoconferencing protocols, videoconferencing is now a practical reality for any organization.A) fortunately B) effectiveC) imagesD) articulateE) facial F) manageG) decisions H) connect I) advanced J) integrateK) progressiveL) conceptsM）picturesN) increasinglyO) importantPassage 5 Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage. Nowadays, is it possible to tell a persons class just by looking at him? Physical details 47 tell us about health, diet and type of work done. A hundred years ago the working class very often looked unhealthy, small and were either too thin or too fat. The upper classes were often 48 , sporting types who were used to a good diet and looked healthy. Today living and working conditions have improved, and such 49 would no longer be so true. The clothes people choose to wear, however, do provide information about their 50 . The most obvious way in which is for the amount of money spent on them. Expensive clothes look expensive and show their wearer had money. Clothes can provide other 51 as well. The upper classes 52 to be less interested in fashion and wear good quality clothes in non-bright colors, made of natural material like wool, leather or cotton. Lower working class people often choose clothes in bright colors, made of man-made material. A sociological explanation for this would be that color and interest are missing from their lives, and therefore any opportunity to introduce this is 53 . Clothes are 54 at a price within most peoples reach. New clothes make the wearer feel good, and show some 55 of wealth to the outside world. Today some new fashions are started by the lower working class people who want to look 56 and feel important. They want people to look at them.A) availableB) backgroundC) different D) tall E) totallyF) takenG) descriptionsH) degree I) cluesJ) aloneK) appearL) considerM) fullN) hobbyO) fetched【篇章词汇理解专项扫雷训练】答案与解析 Passage 147. B. 从文章的第一句they love and respect few things more than a uniform“他们又无比热爱和崇尚制服”，说明了制服在美国很受欢迎。因此选项B)popular符合原文意思。选项中的professional“职业的”、practical“实用的”和ordinary“普通的，平常的”都不符合第一段的意思。 48. F. 此处应填形容词。从more.than civilian clothes可知，此处要填的形容词意思与civilian相对，说明制服的特点。选项中的形容词中只有professional“职业的”和civilian相对的，故F）正确。而practical“实用的”和ordinary“平常的”意思都不能和civilian对应，故排除。49. K. 由be conditioned to do sth.“习惯于”可知，此处应填动词原形。从前面的look more“看起来更.”和后面的tend to“倾向于”可知，这段要说明的是人们的主观印象，应填入表示“期望（得到）”的单词，只有K）expect符合原文语气。选项中get“得到”与上下文的语气不符合。50.I. 此处应填动词原形。从原文中“人们习惯.从穿制服的人那儿得到优质服务。”可知，人们更信任穿制服的人，即制服能使人产生信任感。选项中的动词原形中只有inspire“使产生”符合文章。51. A. 此处应填名词。前面两句表达了人们对穿制服的人更加信任的意思，那么对于garage mechanic“汽车修理工”来说，人们信任的是它的技术，而不是人品，故选项中只有A）skill符合原文意思。52.N. 此处应填动词。.step out of uniform“脱掉制服”是对护士、警察等来说是.职业身份的很简单的方式。脱下制服就是失去了职业身份，由此可以推知此处应填N）lose。53.L. 此处应填形容词，说明制服的其他有点。从下文“.节省购买其他衣服的开销，节省洗衣费用，比便服更舒适也更耐穿”可知，制服除了增加信任感还有实际的优点。选项中的practical“实用的”和ordinary“平常的”，很明显L）practical符合原文意思。54.H. 此处应填名词。文章手段就说“美国人为自己的多元化和个性化感到高傲无比，然而他们又无比热爱和崇尚制服”，其中包含制服使他们失去自己的个性的意思，那么联系第一段，此处指出的制服的缺点即为失去个性，故选项H）individuality正确。individuality强调与他人特点的区别，而character指的是个人特定的内在本质。55.D. 此处应填名词。前面说制服让人失去了个性，虽然有很多种制服，但穿上制服的人直至退休都是那件制服，所有是没有变化的，故此处应填change，故D）正确。56.E. 此处应填副词，修饰动词act。前面指出.look alike, they tend to.，说明此处填的词和alike意思相近。选项种副词有similarly和differently，很明显，E）similarly与alike意思相近，故选E）。Passage 2 47. D. feel是一个系动词，可以判断此处应填入一个形容词，通过上下文意思，以及后面介词about,可以确定选项为D项guilty, 短语feel guilty about sth. “对感到有愧”。全句的意思为“我们很爱吃，但是往往在吃完之后又有负罪感”。48. M. be obsessed with为固定搭配，原意为“被附上/缠住/迷住心窍”，放在本句表示“十分重视”。全句的意思为“我们很重视健康和减肥，但肥胖却又空前地在蔓延”。49. A. 本句缺一个名词作主语，并且根据和介词to的搭配，可以推断出正确选项answer。50. I. 本句根据more和ways可以判断出需要填入一个形容词构成比较级，根据上下文，表示“旨在禁止酗酒的禁酒令，却激发了更多新奇的方法来酗酒”，可以确定I为正确选项。51. F. 本题较难。根据be 和by 确定应填入一个过去分词。再根据上下文，上文表示“应该吃典型的美国人吃的食物”，下文通过but 转折，表示实际上“美国的食物已经被诸如比萨和热狗这样的舶来品所诠释了”，因此可以确定F为正确选项。52. B. 政治结果，可根据宗教原因religious reasons来推断此处填政治结果。53. L. 由于横线后面没有宾语，可以确定不是形成bring的短语，这样本句所缺的为一名词，作bring的宾语。根据下文解释，“美国人对他们所吃的食物的态度是矛盾的”，可以推出本句意思为“坚定的观点也不是确定不变的”。因此可以确定L为正确选项。54. K. 系动词become后应填入一个形容词，和后面介词of形成短语be/become suspicious of “对感到怀疑”。55. J. 本句缺一个名词作主语，并且根据和介词in的搭配，可以推断出正确选项belief，(have)belief in sth.“ 相信”。56. C. 本句是一般现在时，缺一个动词，且和with 搭配，确定选项share, share sth. with sb., “与某人分享某事”。Passage 3 47.B. save 本文主要讲理智的购物可以省很多钱的问题。你购买一件物品或者一份服务的方式真的可以给你省钱或者让你多花钱，所以此处空格填save，节省。48. G. simple 就拿吹风机作一个简单的例子。空格处用simple形容例子符合文章所表达的意思。49.C.best 如果你要买一个吹风机，当你选了一个外观你非常喜欢而且价格又是最便宜的，你一定认为你买了最好的东西。make the best buy即是说买了最好的东西。50. I. in 以怎样的价格用固定短语in price。最便宜的价格就是the cheapest in price。51. K. model 意为“样式，型”。当你把它买回家，你才于较贵的吹风机所花的时间来吹干你的头发。a more expensive model更贵的一款。52. N. adopt 意为“采用”。那么你外出购物时应该采用什么样的原则呢adopt principles “采用原则”，principles 需要用adopt 来搭配。53. A. possession 意为“拥有物”。如果你保持你的家、你的车，或者任何一件值钱的物品处于一种良好的状态中，从长远的眼光来看你会省钱。54. D. appliance 意为“用品，器具”。在你买一个新的用品之前，先与有这个物品的人交流一下。55. L. item 在买一个贵的东西之前，要看好价格和正在出售的物品。item可用来指代物品。56. F.from 这个空格前是动词choose，从中作出选择即用介词from来搭配。 Passage 4 47. E. 此处应填入E项，be voluntary to 为固定搭配,意为“自愿地做某事”，符合题意。48. H. 此处应填入一个名词，而desire通常和介词for搭配，此处句子的意思为控制我们对能以停止对环境的破坏。49. A. 此处应填入一个形容词，根据上下文意思应选A项，意即:全球气候变暖似乎离我们太遥远,以至于我们无需为此担心。50. B. 此处应填入一个名词，根据上下文意思与computer搭配的名词为B项。51. F. 根据上下文意思，本段均说明全球变暖这一环境变化，所以此处应表达气候变化之意，F为正确选项。52. L. 该题较为简单，表示“全球的气温比上个世纪上升了1华氏”，应能迅速找出正确答案。53. I. 全球变暖的结果令人担心，常识告诉我们其后果之一就是冰川融化，所以ice 与melt 搭配并符合句意，I为正确选项。54. K. 与上题一样，此处也是全球变暖的后果之一（海岸受到侵蚀），此处应填入一个现在分词，因此应选K。55. N. 该题较为简单，名词，所以填入changes项。56. D. the whole world为固定搭配，选项J是个干扰项，表示地球正在消亡，但是文章没有提到，而且有点言过其实了。Passage 5 47. J 此处应填副词。可选项有totally和alone，由前一句中just可推出，外表上的细节仅仅能告诉我们这个人的健康状况，平时的营养状的工作而不能看出他所处的阶级，故排除totally而选alone“惟一”。 48.D 此处应填形容词。因此此句和前一句是在将以前的工人阶级和上层阶级的身体状况进行对比，