高中英语 详细讲解定语从句课件 新人教版必修1.ppt

TheAttributiveClause 定语从句 先来看几个相关术语1 定语2 定语从句3 先行词4 关系词 1 定语 定语用来限定 修饰名词或代词的 是对名词或代词起修饰 限定作用的词 短语或句子 汉语中常用 的 表示 acleverboyTheboilingwaterFallenleavesThemanwhoyouarelookingfor 2 定语从句 修饰某一名词或代词的从句 DoyouknowthemanwhocametoseeXiaoYangthismorning 3 先行词 4 关系词 关系代词that which who whom whose as关系副词where when why等 关系词常有3个作用 1 引导定语从句 2 代替先行词 3 在定语从句中担当一个成分 被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词 引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词 关系词有关系代词和关系副词 找出定语从句 先行词 关系词及其在从句中充当的成分 1 SheistheoldwomanwhomIsawthismorning 5 限定性定语从句 对先行词起到修饰限制的作用 使该词的含义更具体 更明确 这类从句不能省掉 否则句子的意义就不完整 6 非限定性定语从句 同主句的关系不十分密切 只是对先行词作附加或补充的说明 不起限制的作用 如果省去 主句的意思仍然清楚完整 这类定语从句在书写时大多用逗号与主句分开 LastweekImetJohn whoseemedtobeveryexcited Iwastheonlypersoninmyofficewhowasinvited A that指人 物 作主语或宾语 1 Aplaneisamachine Itcanfly Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly 2 Heistheman Itoldyouabouthim HeisthemanthatItoldyouabout 关系代词 B which指物 作主语或宾语 Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear ThisrecorderwhichheisusingismadeinJapan Thesearesometrees Theywereplantedlastyear 关系代词 ThisrecorderismadeinJapan Heisusingit 关系代词 C who指人 作主语或宾语 Themanisourteacher Italkedwithhim WangLinisourmonitor Sheis16yearsold D whom指人 作宾语 Themanwhom whoInoddedtoisMr Li Themantowhom whoInoddedisMr Li ThemanwhoItalkedwithhimisourteacher WangLinwhois16yearsoldisourmonitor ThemanisMr Li Inoddedtohim whose在定语从句中作定语 表示引导词与whose后的名词为所属关系 whose多指人 也可指物 指物时可与ofwhich互换使用 Thisisthebook Itscoverisblue Thisisthegirl Herparentsaredoctors Thisisthegirlwhoseparentsaredoctors Thisisthebookwhose ofwhichthecoverisblue 三 关系代词 who whom which that whose 的指代关系 Eg 1 Heissuchaman nevertellsalie 2 Heisthemodelworker weshouldlearnfrom 3 Adictionaryisabook oftenhelpsustoknowthemeaningsofthewords 4 Thisisthefilm Ilikebest 5 Theboy fatherisaprofessorisoneofmybestfriends 6 Thehouse roofwasblownawaybythestormwillberebuiltsoon who whom who which that that which whose whose which that who that whose which that 7 Ihaveafriend likeslisteningtotheclassicalmusic 8 YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress Igaveher 9 Theman legbrokeinamatchusedtobeagoodfootballplayer 10 Kateisreadingabook istoodifficultforher 只用that 不用which 先行词被all very any much little few no等修饰时序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时 先行词前有theonly thevery thesame theright等修饰时 4 all little much few none everything nothing something anything等不定代词作先行词 5 先行词既有人也有物6 主句以which who what开头的疑问句 只用which 不用that 有机器的房间是车间 Theroom thereisamachineisaworkshop Theroom thereisamachineinisaworkshop inwhich which that 一 非限制性定语从句 二 用在介词后 Ihavelostthepen Ilikeverymuch which 关系副词引导的定语从句 1 When表示时间 其先行词往往是表示时间的名词 如time day hour year等 Fromthetimewhenhewaslittle hehadknownwhathewantedtobewhenhegrewup 2 Where表示地点 其先行词往往是表示地点的名词 如place room house street area等 Thisistheplacewheremymotherwasborn 3 Why表示原因 常用在先行词reason的后面 Idon tknowthereasonwhyshelooksunhappytoday 比较 Istillremembertheday IfirstcametoBeijing 先行词 theday 在从句中做状语 表示时间 IfirstcametoBeijingontheday 所以用关系副词when Istillremembertheday wespendtogether 先行词 theday 在从句中做spend宾语 Wespendthedaytogether 所以在该句中用关系代词which that 并且可省略 which that when 2 Thisistheplace weworkedlastyear 先行词 theplace 在从句中做状语 表示地点 Weworkedintheplacelastyear 所以用关系副词where 比较 Thisistheplace wevisitedlastyear 先行词 theplace 在从句中做visited的宾语 Wevisitedtheplacelastyear 所以用关系代词which that 并且可省略 where which that 注意 先行词在从句中做状语 用先行词在从句中做宾语或主语 用 关系副词 关系代词 选择适当的关系词完成句子 1 October1 1949wastheday thePeople sRepublicofChinawasfounded 2 October1 1949wastheday hewillneverforget that which when 3 Thisisthehouse Iwasborn where 4 Thisisthehouse windowsareveryclean 5 Thisisthehouse Iloveverymuch 6 Thisisthehouse isverybeautiful whose that which that which 7 Thisisthereason hewaslate why 8 Thisisthereason hegaveus that which 关系副词都等于一个适当的介词 which 在从句中作状语When in at on which Where in at on which Why for which 1 Doyoustillrememberthedaywhen which wewenttovisitthemuseumtogether 2 Thisisthefactorywhere which myfatheronceworked 3 Thisisthereasonwhy which hewaslate on in for 1 Istillrememberthedays Iworkedwiththefarmers Istillrememberthedays Ispentwiththefarmers A whichB onwhichC whenD what2 Wewereontheway itbegantorain Idon tliketheway youspeaktoyourparents A whenB thatC howD which C A A B inwhich I llneverforgetthedays weworkedtogether I llneverforgetthedays wespenttogether Iwenttotheplace Iworkedtenyearsago Iwenttotheplace Ivisitedtenyearsago Thisisthereason hewaslate Thisisthereason hegave when inwhich that which where inwhich which that why forwhich that which 及物动词 及物动词 及物动词 1 Thisisthetown Iwasborn Thisisthetown Ivisitedlastweek 2 Iwillneverforgettheday Icametoschool Iwillneverforgettheday Ispentwithyou 3 Thisisthereason hewaslate Thisisthereason hetoldme where Whic that when Which that Why forwhich That which 二 非限制性定语从句应注意以下几点 1 非限制性定语从句通常不能用that引导 如 1 Ilikethebook whichwasboughtyesterday 我喜欢这本书 这是昨天买的 2 Ilikethebookwhich thatwasboughtyesterday 我喜欢昨天买的那本书 2 在非限制性定语从句中 指人的关系代词作宾语时 只能用宾格whom 不能用who替换 也不能省 DoyouknowTom whomwetalkedabout DoyouknowTom who whom wetalkedabout 4 Which可指前面整个句子 Thesunsendsoutlightandheat whichmakesitpossibleforlivingthingstoexistontheearth Hisfatherisanengineer makeshimveryproud forwhat which that what B 介词 关系代词 型定语从句考点 关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时 从句常常由 介词 关系代词 引出 注意 1 若介词放在关系代词前 关系代词指人时只可用whom 不可用who that 关系代词指物时只可用which 不可用that 关系代词是所有格时用whose 2 介词 关系代词 前还可有some any none all both neither many most each few等代词或者数词 Fillintheblankswithproperpreps Thisisthebook whichIspent5yuan Thisisthebook whichIpaid5yuan Thisisthebook whichwecanlearnalot Thisisthebook whichweoftentalk Thisisthebook whichIwrotedownmanynotes on for from about in 1 Inthedarkstreet therewasn tasingleperson shecouldturnforhelp NMET92 A towhomB whoC fromwhomD that A 2 Hisglasses hewaslikeablindman felltothegroundandbroke AwithwhichB whichCthroughwhichD withoutwhich D 3 Theplane IcametoLondonhasflown10 000miles A initB inwhichC bywhichD where B AS引导的定语从句 as引导限定性定语从句 习惯上用于下列词组 thesame assuch asas as so as 在从句中作主语或宾语 1 Suchpeopleasyoudescribearerarenowadays 2 Let sdiscussonlysuchquestionsasconcerneveryoneofus 3 Wouldyoupleasebuymethesamenovelasyouboughtforbrotheryesterday Mum aswehaveseen asisknowntoall asanybodycansee aswasexpected asyouknow aswecanimagine ashasbeenpointedout As用于非限制性定语从句 常见以下句型 选择最佳答案 1 Canyouthinkofanyone couldlookafterhimabitforthenextfewdays A thatB whichC whomD 2 InBritainhehadcomeacrossapainter no