【同课异构】人教版高中英语选修8课件：Unit 2《Section One Warming upPrereading and reading》.ppt

unit2cloning inpairs lookatthesepicturesanddiscusswhichonesarenaturalclonesandwhichonesareman made explainhowtheydiffer warmingup dollythesheep shewasclonedwhiletheotherswerebornnaturally itistheexactcopyofanothersheepandthefirstclonedmammal man madeclone in1996 asheepcalleddollywasborn itisthefirstmammaltobecloned itisconsideredtobethegreatestsuccessinthedevelopmentofcloning astrawberryplant thenewplantsthatgrowfromtherunnersareexactcopiesoftheoriginalplant growingnewplants thecuttingthatthegardeneristakingwillproduceanotherplantthatisanexactcopyoftheoriginalplant man madeclone twins theyareidenticalinsexandappearanceandaregoodexamplesofnatureclones twinscarrythesamegeneticinformation whatisthedifferenceamongthem clone naturalcloneisonethatoccursfromthe parent inanaturalformofcloningwithouthumanhelp man madecloneisonethatproducedthroughhumanintervention 介入 thefollowingaresomephotosaboutcloning seehowmuchyouknowaboutit 一株草莓依靠它沿地 爬走 的匍匐茎 一年内就能长出数百株草莓苗 富贵竹插枝即活 仙人掌每块落地就生根 dolly是世界上第一例用体细胞 乳腺上皮细胞 通过细胞核移植技术 在复杂的人工操作下 得到的一只小绵羊 多利 2002年4月十六日美国第一头克隆牛 艾米 产下牛犊喜作妈咪 我国成功繁殖克隆兔体形要比普通兔大许多 2002年5月中旬成功地繁殖了一只胚胎细胞克隆兔 第一只克隆宠物猫 克隆马及其 母亲兼姐姐 克隆的荧光小猪 左 和正常小猪 右 2005cloningdogs 2001cloningcattle 2002cloningcats 2003cloninghorse 2002cloningrabbits in1952 cloningtadpole 克隆蝌蚪 theamericanscientistscreatedacopyoftadpolebymeansofusingatadpolecell thistinytadpolehasbecomethefirstkindofcloninganimal inpairsdiscusswhatyouunderstandaboutcloning thenlistthequestionsyouwanttofindout shareyourlistswithoneanother pre reading questionsaboutcloning 1 whatisaclone acloneisananimalorplantproducednaturallyorartificiallyfromthecellsofanotheranimalorplantandisexactlythesameasit theyincludenaturalandman madeclones 2 howisacloneproduced thecloningofplantsissimpleandrelativelyeasy itcanbedonebytakingcuttings man madecloning orlettingtheplantproduceitsownrunners naturalcloning thecloningofanimalsismorecomplicated itwasnotachieveduntil1996andisfullyexplainedinthefirstreading 3 whatbenefitscanhumansgainfromcloning 1 medicalcloningcanhelpcureseriousillnessesthatruinone squalityoflife suchasparkinson sdiseaseoralzheimer sdisease 2 itcanhelpinfertilepeoplehavebabies 4 whatproblemsmayarisewhenhumansarecloned 1 peoplemaywanttoclonethemselvessotheycanliveforever 2 peoplemaywanttoclonedeadchildren 3 peoplemaywanttoclonetheirfavoritepets reading cloning whereisitleadingus whatisthemainideaofthepassage thepassagetellsusthatanimalcloningraised andscientistsarenotsureaboutits arguments future whatisthewritingstyle expositive 说明文 descriptive 记叙文 c argumentative 议论文 skimming pleasereadthepassagequicklyandgetthemainidea andthenfinishthefollowingexercisesingroups 1 themainideaofthetextis a animalcloningisveryvaluableandcanbenefittheworld b animalcloningcouldbemisusedbybadpeoplesoitmustbeforbidden c animalcloningiswelldevelopedbecausedollythesheepwasborn d animalcloningraisedargumentsandscientistsarenotsureaboutitsfuture choosetherightansweraccordingtothetext 2 dollythesheep lookedexactlylikethesheepthatprovidestheegg wastheexactcopyofthesheepthatprovidesthenucleus c lookedlikethesheepthatgavebirthtoit d hadthecharacteristicsofallthreesheep 3 itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethataclonedanimal a usuallylivesaslongastheoriginaloneb usuallyliveslongerthantheoriginalonec usuallylivesshorterthantheoriginaloned isusuallyashealthyastheoriginalone 4 whichofthefollowingisnotanadvantageofcloning cloningcanbeusedformedicalpurposes largequantitiesoffoodcanbeproducedbycloning cloningcanhelpkeepanimalsfrombecomingextinct famouspersonswhohavepassedawaycanbecloned 5 whatispeople sfearabouthumancloning whichofthefollowingiswrong clonedhitlerswoulddoharmtotheworld clonedpeoplemaybekilledatwillformedicalaid awomanwouldhavedifficultyrecognizingherrealhusband menwilldieoutbecauseawomancangivebirthtoababywithoutahusband 6 thecloningofdollythesheepsucceededbecause a itseasiertocloneasheepthanotheranimalsb thescientistsweredeterminedandworkedhardwithpatiencec thescientistswererewardedandgotlotsofmoneyd manyotherattemptstoclonemammalsfailed 7 thelambisthecloneofthecellfromsheepbecause a itprovidestheeggcellb itgivesbirthtothelambc itprovidesthenucleusd itisafemalesheep readthetextagainandfindoutthemainideaofeachparagraph carefulreading para 1para 2para 3para 4para 5 cloningisawayofmakinganexactcopyofanotheranimalandplant cloninghastwomajoruses theproblemsofdolly theeffectofdolly itisforbiddentoclonehumanbeing cloningisawayofmakinganexactcopyofanotheranimalandplant whatiscloning ithappensbothin andin theycanbeclonedby and plants animals themselves humans naturalclone man madeclone para1 thedefinitionofcloning firstly commercial secondly research para2 themajorusesandproceduresofcloning inthisparagraph theword straightforward means a uncomplicatedb honestc frankd difficult 克隆羊诞生图示 atfirst thefactthatdollydeveloped inanaturalwaywas later thenews dollyhadbecomeseriouslyillwas finally theproblemthatoccurredtothescientistswasthataclonedanimallives theoriginalone para3 theproblemsofdolly normally encouraging that aslongas shorterthan longerthan disturbing shorterthan theword controversial inpara4probablymeans a complicatedb arguablec importantd traditional para4 theimpactofdolly its appearanceraisedandthemediaandpublicimagination astormofobjections hadagreatimpacton 1 whatproblemsmayarisewhenhumanbeingsarecloned para5 2 didallthecountriesforbidresearchintohumancloning 3 scientistsaresurethatcloningwillbegoodtous torf scientistsstillwonderwhethercloningwillhelporharmusandwhereitisleadingus 1 someevilleaderswillclonethemselves2 cloninghumanbeingmayraisemoralquestions no becausesomecountrieslikechinaandtheukpermitresearchintohumancloningwiththeaimofmedicalaid people sattitudestocloning readthepassageandanswerthesequestions 1 whatarethetwomajorusesofcloning thefirstuseistoproducecommercialquantitiesofplants thesecondistoresearchonnewplantsspeciesanddomedicalresearchonanimals comprehending 2 whyisiteasiertomakecommercialplantclonesthananimalclones cloningplantsisstraightforward butthecloningofanimalsisverycomplicated 3 whatwasthefirstclonefromanadultanimal atwhatagedidthisclonedie 4 whyiscloningcontroversialinsomecountries thefirstclonefromanadultanimalwasdollythesheep shediedin2003 cloningiscontroversialinsomecountriesformoralandreligiousreasons fillinthechartusingtheinformationfromthetext addonereasonofyourownineachcolumn discussion whatdoyouthinkisthewriter sviewinthisreadingpassage what syouropinionofcloning givereasons ithinkthewriterisimpartialbecausehe shedoesnotstateanypersonalopinionaboutcloning asacoinhastwosides everythinghastwoaspects ononehand ifcloningisusedinacorrectwayitcanbringmanyconveniencetous ontheotherhand ifcloningisusedinanevilwayitcancausemuchtrouble therefore weshouldusecloninginacorrectway 意大利狂人医生 安蒂诺里 冒死也要克隆人的科学家 布瓦瑟利耶 1 克隆技术现在还不成熟 克隆人可能有很多先天性生理缺陷 2 克隆人的身份难以认定 他们与被克隆者之间的关系无法纳入现有的伦理体系 反对克隆人 3 克隆技术有可能被滥用 成为恐怖分子的工具 4 从生物多样性上来说 大量基因结构完全相同的克隆人 可能诱发新型疾病的广泛传播 对人类的生存不利 1 不让我们克隆人 就是不让我们修正我们的错误 人类历史难道能够这样构造吗 纽约时报书评 2 当然应该 克隆 人 如果谁第一个掌握了这个技术 他就是我真正的 也是唯一的竞争对手 比尔 盖茨 支持克隆人 3 克隆人绝对是科学上了不起的进步 克隆技术必将创造21世纪的辉煌 麻省理工学院生命工程教授约翰 布洛克4 人体商业化是人类经济活动中无与伦比的成就 毫无疑问 克隆技术的出现将为世人创造一个最为广泛和深远的市场 英国 经济学家 杂志 1 thinkabouthowtheydiffer differvi 不一致 不同 相异 不同意 意见相左常见的搭配有 sbdifferfrom withsbon about over uponsthaandbdifferin adiffersfromb languagepoints 她的方法跟我的没有很大不同 hermethoddoesn tdiffermuchfrommine 现代飞机跟早期的在很多方面有所不同 modernairplanesdifferfromearlyones 对于如何解决问题 我跟他的意见不一致 idifferwithhimonhowtosolvetheproblem 关于道德标准 他们的见解不同 theydifferwitheachotheronmoralstandards 2 itisawayofmakinganexactcopyofanotheranimalandplant exactadj 精确的 准确的 原样的 精密的whatwerehisexactwords idon tknowtheexactsizeoftheroom exactlyadv 正确地 严密地 恰恰that sexactlywhatiexpected you vearrivedatexactlytherightmoment exactlyspeaking 3 ithappensinplantswhengardenerstake whentwinsidenticalinsexand 1 whengardenerstakecuttingsfromgrowingplantstomakenewones whentwinsidenticalin 是两个时间状语从句 when引导的时间状语从句中从句的动作可以与主句的动作同时发生 也可以先于主句的动作 don tbeafraidofaskingforhelp itisneeded a unlessb sincec althoughd when d 2 happenvi occurbychance takeplace 偶然地 发生 出现happentodo happentosb ithappenedthat happeningn 事件 偶然发生的事 常用复数 辨析 happen occur takeplace与comeabout四词都有 发生 之意 但有区别 happen是一般用语 词义较广 强调事情发生的偶然性 occur用法较正式 既可以指自然发生 也可以指有意安排 碰巧 某人 发生什么事了 碰巧 1 whendidtheexplosion 2 importantelections thisfall 3 theconcertwill nextsunday 4 howdidthequarrel occur takeplace comeabout happen usetheabovewordstofilltheblanks takeplace一般指有计划 按事先安排的进行的含义 comeabout往往注重事情发生的原因 常与how连用 以上四组词均为不及物动词 无被动语态 4 italsohappensinanimalswhentwinsidenticalinsexandappearanceare identicaladj 完全相同的 常与with to连用 同一的 同样的thesetwodesignsarealmostidentical myopinionisidenticalwithhis thispictureisidenticaltotheonemymotherhas alleggslooksimilar butnotwoeggsareidentical leonardodavinci steacheroncesaidtohim 5 firstly mercialadj 商业的 贸易的acommercialloan law activity商业贷款 法规 活动 商务的heisdoingacommercialcourseatthelocalcollege 他在本地学院学商业课程 以获利为目的的 从营利角度出发的theplaywasacommercialsuccess 这出戏从营利角度看很成功 6 straightforwardadj 简单的 易懂的 坦诚的 坦率的straightforwardlyadv 率直地 坦诚地straightforwardnessn 率直jackisrough butalwaysstraightforward installingtheprogramisrelativelystraightforward sheadmiredhisstraightforwardness 7 undertakevt undertook undertaken 着手做 从事 进行 担任 承担 答应 同意 theprocedureisdifficulttoundertake ofcourse 当然 这个过程很难实施 thescientistundertakestheexperiment 科学家从事这项实验 icanundertaketheresponsibilityforthechanges 我愿意承担这些变革的责任 完成下列句子 1 thelawyer anewcase 那个律师接了一个新的案子 2 hewill nextmonth 去旅行 3 he 承担一项新任务 undertook undertookanewtask undertakeajourney 8 payoff 事业 计划等 成功 付清薪水并解雇 偿还 债务等 atlastthedeterminationandpatienceofscientistspaidoff 最终科学家们的决心和耐心得到了回报 hepaidoffthecrewoftheship 他付清全体船员的工资并将他们解雇 intheendhepaidoffallhisdebts 最终他还清了所有的债务 payback报答 报复 用介词back off to 填空 1 youreffortissuretopay thankyouforyourencouragement2 thesupermarket whichhehadeverpaidavisit wasburnttotheground 3 howcanipayyou forallyourkindness 4 well aftertheseyears we veatlastpaid allourdebts off to back off containv 包含 含有2 neededtoproduceanewsheep为过去分词短语作后置定语 修饰其前面的名词genes 构成动宾搭配关系 9 thenucleusofthiscellcontainsallthegenesneededtoproduceanewsheep 这个细胞的细胞核含有生产一只新的绵羊的必需的基因 辨析 contain与includecontain 包含 含有 侧重于包含的内容或成分 里面装有 include 包括 侧重范围或整体 e g 1 whisky alargepercentageofalcohol 2 thebook fortymaps threeofgreatbritain contains contains including 10 thenucleusfromsheepbandtheeggcellfromsheepaarejoinedusingelectricity 从绵羊b中取出的细胞核与从绵羊a中取出的卵细胞用电流使之结合 1 usingelectricity为现在分词短语作方式状语 2 联手 携手参加活动和某人一起做事连起来 joinhands joininsth doingsth joinsb insth joinup 辨析 takepartin join joinin与attendtakepartin指参加某项活动 并以积极的态度在所参加的活动中起作用 join 加入 团体或组织 joinin指参加活动和游戏 joinsb insth 和某人一起做某事 attend参加会议 听演讲 听音乐 参加婚礼 11 cloningscientistswerecastdowntofindthatdolly sillnessweremoreappropriatetoamucholderanimal 克隆科学家沮丧地发现多莉的病更容易在年老的羊身上 1 castdown使沮丧 毁掉 常用于被动语态或作表语 don tbesocastdown justkeepupyourspirits 不要这么沮丧 打起精神来 castaway丢弃castoff放弃 丢弃castout赶走 将下列句子译成英语 1 听到这个消息他很沮丧 2 发现事情的真相使他很沮丧 hewascastdowntohearthenews findingoutthetruthmadehimcastdown 2 beappropriateto besuitableforaparticularperson condition occasionorplace fitting适合于 的 与 相称的用与你的题目相称的体裁写 writeinastyleappropriatetoyoursubject 普通鞋不适于下稻田 ordinaryshoesarenotappropriatetopaddyfields 12 altogether和alltogether及together1 altogetheradv 总共 完全地 总之 总而言之youoweme68rmbaltogether yourworkisaltogetherperfect 2 alltogether全部在同一地方或同一时间canyouputyourbooksalltogetherinthisbox 3 togetheradv 在一起 共同地allhistroubleseemedtocometogether he sbad tempered selfishand anunpopularman thereforeb altogetherc otherwised anyhow b 13 objectv objectionn 反对 不赞成ontheotherhand dolly sappearanceraisedastormofobjectionsandhadagreatimpactonthemediaandpublicimagination 另一方面 多莉的出现引来了巨大的反对 激发了传媒的热炒和公众的想像力 ifeelastrongobjectiontogettingupearly 我极不愿意早起 haveyouanyobjectiontomyopeningthewindow 你反对我打开窗子吗 objectvi weobjecttobeingtreatedlikethis 我们抗议这种待遇 iobjecttotheplan 我反对这项计划 objectvt iobjectthatheistooyoungtotakethatposition 我提出反对意见 他太年轻不适合那个职位 objectto doing sth object that从句objection是名词 常与have take feel等连用have take feelobjectionto doing sth 14have makeastrong greatimpacton 对 有 产生巨大影响这本书对其读者产生了极大的影响 thisbookmadeagreatimpactonitsreaders 这场反对吸烟的运动对年轻人有极大的影响 theanti smokingcampaignhashadquiteanimpactonyoungpeople 15 attainvt 获得 尤其指经过努力 达到 年龄 水平 状况等 heattianedsuccessth