用土工织物加固挡土墙软土地基的方法及体会中英文翻译.doc

/ /用土工织物加固挡土墙软土地基的方法及体会中英文翻译With geotextiles reinforced retaining wall method and experience of soft soil foundation in both Chinese and English translation 1. 引言1. Introduction 土工织物又称土工聚合物，它具有高抗拉强度，耐久性、耐腐蚀性，质地柔韧，能与砂土很好地结合，组合成加筋土复合地基，有效地提高土的抗剪强度、抗拉性能，增强土体的整体性和连续性。对于其加固机理，早在20世纪60年代，Henri Vidal就用三轴试验发现了在砂土中加入少量纤维后，土体的抗剪强度可提高4倍以上的形象，近年来，我国岩土工作者也在试验室中证明了在砂土中加筋可有效地提高土体的地基承载力，减少地基竖向沉降量，有效地克服土体整体性差及连续性差的性能。由于加筋土具有以上的性能，且其价格低廉的特点，使其在工程中具有广泛的应用前景。Geotextiles, also known as geotechnical polymer, it has high tensile strength, durability, corrosion resistance, flexibility, texture can be combined with sand well, combined into reinforced composite foundation, effectively improve the soil shear strength, tensile properties, and enhance the integrity and continuity of soil. For its reinforcement mechanism, in the early 1960 s, Henri Vidal, using triaxial test after adding a small amount of fibre found in sandy soil, the soil shear strength can be increased by more than four times the image, in recent years, Chinas geotechnical workers also proved in a sandy soil in laboratory soil reinforcement can effectively improve the foundation bearing capacity, reduce the vertical settlement of foundation, effectively overcome the integrity and continuity of soil with poor performance. Because the reinforced soil has more than performance, and the characteristic of its low price, make it has wide application prospect in engineering. 本文介绍笔者用土工织物加固挡土墙软土地基的的方法及体会。In this paper, the author use geotextiles reinforced retaining wall in soft soil foundation of the method and experience. 2工程实例Two engineering cases 2.1工程概况2.1 project summary 拟建挡土墙采用重力式毛石挡土墙，墙高为6米，要求地基土的承载力为250kPa,而基底的地质情况自上而下为：粘土，厚约0.72米,饱和，软塑；淤泥质土，厚度约2224米，饱和，流塑为主，局部软塑；细砂层，厚约510米，含淤泥质土及有机质，饱和，稍湿；卵石层，厚度分分布不均，约02.2米，稍密；风化中砂岩。其中粘土及淤泥质土承载力为70kPa,显然地基要做加固处理。Proposed for rubble retaining wall, gravity retaining wall with wall is 6 meters high, requirements of bearing capacity of foundation soil is 250 kpa, and basal geology from top to bottom is: (1) clay, about 0.7 to 2 meters thick, saturation, RuanSu; Muddy soil, (2) the thickness of about 22 24 meters, saturation, flow model is given priority to, the local RuanSu; (3) the fine sand layer, the thickness of about 5 10 meters, containing silt soil and organic matter, saturation, slightly wet; (4) the pebble layers, thickness distribution, 0 2.2 meters, slightly thick; 5. Weathered sandstone. The clay and silt soil bearing capacity is 70 kpa, apparently foundation reinforcement processing to do. 2.2地基垫层的加筋强化处理2.2 the foundation pad reinforcement reinforcement processing 加固可采用换填法用砂砾石进行换土处理，但由于垫层的松散性，根据以往经验，用砂石垫层处理的地基时常存在沉降大、均匀性差的特点，往往造成上部结构裂缝、不均匀沉降的形象，本工程为6米高的毛石挡土墙，高度大，又由于墙上有3米高的围墙，如果出现挡土墙不均匀沉降、裂缝，将会造成较为严重的后果，故须对垫层采用加固处理，经过经济技术分析，决定采用对砂砾石垫层进行加筋强化处理。加筋处理的方法为：首先对开挖至基底设计标高并铺一层200mm厚的碎石垫层，然后的其上铺1层土工织物，再在其上200厚砂砾石，用黄砂找平后用压路机压实；第二层用装砂石的土工织物袋铺设，其空隙用矿渣填平，土工袋上铺100厚的碎石，压路机压实。其上再重复铺设土工织物碎石压实，直到垫层的设计厚度，本工程垫层厚为1米，共4层土工织物，两层袋装砂石。Reinforcement can be used in filling method with sandy gravel in soil treatment, but because of the loose cushion layer, based on past experience, with sand and gravel cushion foundation often exist large settlement, poor uniformity of the characteristics of the cracks tend to cause the upper structure, the uneven settlement of the image, this project is 6 meters of rubble stone retaining wall, the height is large, and because of the wall three meters high wall, if there is an uneven settlement of retaining, crack, will cause serious consequences, we must to cushion adopts reinforcement, through economic technique analysis, decided to adopt the sand gravel cushion layer reinforcement reinforcement processing. Reinforcement processing method is: firstly to base the design elevation for excavation and pave a 200 mm thick layer of gravel cushion layer, then it with 1 layer of geotextile and then in the 200 thick gravel, with yellow sand after leveling with the roller compaction; Tier 2 with geotextile bags of sand and gravel laying, its gap with slag fill and level up, geotextile bag with 100 thick gravel, roller compaction. Repeat laid on its geotextiles to rubble, compaction, until the design of cushion thickness, cushion thickness is 1 m of this project, a total of 4 layers of geotextiles, two layers of bags of sand. 此法施工快，机具简单，投资省，经过几年的使用,表明加固效果好，建设及施工单位均十分满意。This law construction is fast, simple machines, the investment province, after several years of use, show that reinforcement effect is good, the construction and the construction unit is very satisfied with both. 3几点体会3 what time understand 为达到加筋土的加固效果，必须对加筋土施工工艺、施工质量进行严格控制：In order to reach the reinforcement effect of reinforced soil, reinforced soil construction technology, construction quality must be strictly control: 一、土工织物应预加初期应力，且其端部应有可靠的锚固，以发挥土工织物的抗拉强度，锚固愈牢固，承载力提高愈多，地基中的应力分布愈均匀，土工织物端部的固定，靠端部折起铺设长度来保证，把端部折起包裹砂体，以增加其握裹力，保证使用期间不被拔出。, geotextiles, should add the initial stress, and its department should have reliable anchoring, to play geotextiles, tensile strength, anchorage more firm, improve the bearing capacity, the more the foundation of the stress distribution more uniform and the fixed end of geotextiles, rely on end fold laying length to ensure, sand body, end folding package in order to increase the grip of the guarantee will not be pulled out during use. 二、施工程序对加筋效果有重大的影响，施工时应让土工织物尽早处于受拉状态，土工织物抗拉强度只有在变形时才得以发挥，所以施工时不允许土工织物发生折皱，把土工织物尽可能拉平拉紧。为了使土工织物在受荷初期有足够的应变，可按下列程序施工：铺土工织物；拉平拉紧两端；两端折起包裹砂砾并两端填砂；中心填砂；两端砂增高；最后，中心填砂。按此方法施工时可使土工织物尽早形成波浪形被拉紧，使其在受荷初期发挥作用。Second, the construction procedures of reinforcement effect have a significant impact, construction should let geotextiles is in a state of tension as soon as possible, geotextile tensile strength only when the deformation was able to play, not to be allowed to happen geotextile crease when construction so, pull of geotextiles, used as level as possible. In order to make the geotextiles, early in the Netherlands have enough strain, according to the following procedure construction: (1) laying geotextile; (2) flattening tensed at both ends; At both ends on both ends of the folded package gravel and sand filling; (3) center of sand filling; (4) on both ends of sand increased; 5. In the end, center filling sand. According to this construction method can make the geotextiles form wavy were taut as soon as possible, make it play role in the early by the Dutch. 三、土工织物加筋垫层的施工宜采用水平铺土工织物与土工织物碎石袋垫层交替铺设，以综合发挥袋装垫层的搞弯性好、挠曲刚度大、扩散效果好及平铺垫层的整体性的连续性好的优点。Three, geotextile reinforced cushion construction should adopt the level laying geotextile laying, alternating with geotextiles rubble bedding bag in comprehensive to cushion the bags make good bending and bending stiffness big, diffusion effect is good and smooth ground layer of the continuity of the integrity of good advantages. 4、结束语4, the conclusion 土工织物加筋垫层加固软土地基是一种行之