M10U4知识要点.doc

M10 Unit41. order （1）n 订购 定做 定货 ; 顺序 次序; 命令place an order for sth. with sb. 向订购in (out of ) order / in good (bad) order 井然有序的混乱的keep order维持次序（2）v命令指挥指令; 订购order sb to dothat The doctor ordered me to take a rest for a month.The doctor ordered that I _for a month. 医生指示我要休息一个月。2 offend vt/vi (1). 触怒；冒犯 offend sb with/by sthHis misbehavior offended her. 他的不良性为冒犯了她。=He _=She was offended with/ by his misbehavior.（2）违反（规则、礼貌等）；犯错；有悖于(常与against 连用)offend against good manners 违反礼仪offend against humanity 违背人性offense/offence n. commit an offence 犯罪offender n 违法者；犯罪者offensive adjan offensive sound 刺耳的声音an offensive word无礼的话3 hatred n. “憎恨; 仇恨; 憎恶; 恶意”He looked at me_ in his eyes. 他以憎恨的眼光望着我。have a hatred for/of 憎恶. hate v.I hate _when people smoke in public. 我讨厌人在公共场所吸烟。4 identify （1）vt. 确认;识别;鉴定,验明(+as)identify handwriting 鉴定笔迹How did you identify the wallet as your own? 如何证明那钱包是你的？（2）vt. 视.(与.)为同一事物(+with)Never identify wealth_ 千万不要把财富和幸福等同起来。identification n. 辨认，确认；身份证件identification card ID card 身份证5 breakbreak into vt 强行进入break in vi强行进入、 插入、打扰break down 1. (因机械，电力等故障)停止运转，抛锚，失灵2. 身体的累垮 3. 分解 4. 谈判的失败， 关系的破裂 break up 解散、 分解，绝交 break out (战争 疾病 火灾) 爆发 break off 打断、折断、结束 break through 突破 break away from 脱离，摆脱用上面的“break”短语填空：1）News reports say peace talks between the two countries have _with no agreement reached.2）Fire _last night.3）Sentences can _into clauses.4）Youve been working so hard for nearly a month. Relax yourself, or you will _sooner or later.5）While we were watching TV，a voice _the programme to announce the election results.6）Dont _while others are speaking .7）He failed many times but he finally _to find a successful way to cure this disease.8）They _the national union and set up their own local organization.6 annually adv “每年;每年一次”(yearly)They celebrate their wedding anniversary_他们每年庆祝一番结婚纪念日。annual n. “年刊, 年报, 年鉴, 年金, 年税”adj.一年一次的，年刊的annual report 年度报告 annual ring 【植】年轮7 regarding prep “关于（某人/某事物）;”I wrote a letter_ my daughters school examinations. 我写了一封关于我女儿学校考试的信。其同义词：as regards /in regard to/ with regard to / concerning/ over_/_/_his proposal, there were pros and cons. 关于他的提案,有赞成和反对两种意见.8keep的词组keep a promise _ keep ones word _ keep a record _ keep a secret _ keep fit _ keep in mind _ keep in touch with _ keep silence/silent _ keep on _ keep up (with) _ keep to _ keep sb. from doing sth _ keep away from _ keep sb/sth back _ keep out of _ keep off _9 apply to 向.申请;使用,应用于;适合于apply to sb. for sth. 向申请apply sth. to 适用于，应用于_four universities, I hope I will be accepted by all of them.我申请了四所大学, 希望都被他们接受了。He _ the school_ a scholarship. 他向学校申请奖学金。_the same rules _ part-time workers?这同样的规章制度适用于那些兼职工人吗？New technology _almost every industrial process.新技术正用于差不多各个工业生产过程中。apply oneself to sth / doing sth 致力于_ yourself_ your lessons, or you will not pass the exam. 努力学习才会通过考试。（同义短语：devote/dedicate oneself to）10 aboard = on board adv. prep. 在船(或飞机,车)上;上船(或飞机,车)Everybody on board was worried and we were curious to find out what had happened.飞机上的人都很着急,而且我们急于想了解出了什么事。（做后置定语）All passengers _fell into the river. 船上所有乘客皆落入河中。We went _ the ship. 我们登上了轮船。(做状语)注意拼写：abroad (adv.往国外, 到处, 海外)_ 出国留学11. apology n C 道歉;赔罪(+to/for) make an apology to sb. for sthapologize v. apologize to sb.for (doing)sth. (因而向某人道歉)他因没有出席她举行的宴会而向她表示歉意。(分别用名词和动词表达)： _12. alone (1) adj单独的,独自的;只有,仅;单单（作表语、后置定语）：She watches TV when she is alone. 独自一人时,她便看电视。The rent_ is $300. 单房租就三百元。John alone managed to solve the problem. 只有John 设法解决了这个问题。(2).adv 单独地; 独自地For years Mary lived all/quite alone in New York. 玛丽孤身一人在纽约生活了好几年。13 mind make up ones mind to do sth _change ones mind _have sth/sb. in mind _keep /bear sth in mind _keep ones mind on _mind doing sth _mind your behavior _ 表示“是否介意某人做某事” 可以用一下句型：Would/Do you mind my doing sth?Would you mind if I did sth?Do you mind if I do sth?翻译：你介意我调低电视的音量吗？Would/Do you mind my_ the volume of the TV?Would you mind if I _the volume of the TV?Do you mind if I _the volume of the TV?回答：Certainly not/Of course not 当然不介意。Im sorry, but. 对不起，不过.phrases:1.in great straits 处境困难，经济困难2.be similar to 相似3.be unwilling to do sth 不乐意做某事 4.be willing / ready to do sth 乐意做某事5.take to court 把.告上法庭6.be faced with 面对7.get into a bad habit 养成坏习惯8.relate to 与有关9.pay by check/cheque 支票支付10.pay in cash 现金支付11in terms of 从.观点,从.角度12in the long /short term 就长/短期而言巩固练习1. The comments which he made _ marketing bothered his boss greatly. A. being concerned B. concerned C. be concerned D. concerning 2. Last week, I bought an interesting story book, _ is very beautiful. Awhich cover Bthe cover of whichCits cover Dthe cover of whose3. We rent a beach house with two small rooms，_ can serve as a kitchenAthe smaller of which Ba smaller of whichCthe smaller of them Dsmaller of that4 Fraud is a crime_ money is stolen by cheating others. A which B what C where D when5. He is in an important position in the company; _ , I dont quite trust him. Athus Bfurthermore Cotherwise Dnevertheless6. Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers _ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law.A. where B. when C. who D. which7It is reported that some mainland visitors to Hong Kong Disneyland didnt _ the park rules and behaved improperly.A. get across B. keep to C. take up D. make up8. Youd better not leave the medicine _ kids can get at it. A. even if B. which C. where D. so that9. What a pity! _ his ability and experience, he might have done better.A. Considering B. providing C. Concerning D. supposing10. He was not aware that he had committed a(n)_ A allowance B offence C suicide D passport11. The Minister of France stresses that the quality of goods, rather than the quantity of production, is the key to _ the nations economy. A. improve B. improving C. have improved D. having improved12. I cant repair these until tomorrow, Im afraid.Thats OK, theres _.A. no problem B. no wonder C. no doubt D. no hurry13. _ is no doubt _ the earth moves round the sun. A. There; that B. It; that C. There; whether D. It; whether14.It is quite normal to _ ten percent of the cost of a building for a period of six months or so, in case faults are found in it. A. keep up B. keep back C. keep off D. keep out15. A survey of the opinions of expert _that three hours of outdoor exercise a week _ good for ones health. A. show; are B. shows; is C. show; is D. shows; are16. Chinese Fancy Knots(中国结) are _related to the everyday life of the Chinese and express their aspirations for a better life. A. close B. closely C. deep D. deeply17. Your remarks seem strange _ what I have heard about.A. in relation to B. in relation of C. in connection to D. in connection of18. Floods cause billions of dollars worth of property damage _ worldwide. A. relatively B. actually C. comparatively D. annually19. We thought of selling this old furniture, but weve decided to _ it. It might be valuable. A. hold on to B. keep up with C. turn to D. look after20. If you _your promise, the results will be sure to satisfy you. A. carry out B. carry on C. keep on D. keep out21-Mr. Li, Christmas Day is coming. -_? Just occupy yourself in your studyA How come B What if C So what D What for22-Shall I give you a ride as you live so far away? - Thank you._A . It couldnt be better B. Of course you canC. If you like D. Its up to you23 -Ellis, Im sorry. I cant fly a kite with you tomorrow. -_? - I fell off my bike yesterday and my l