2015年职称英语_综合类_真题精选阅读理解.docx

2015年职称英语教材系列综合类2015职称英语 真题精选阅读理解资料使用说明：本讲义共包含三篇精选真题，A级别的三篇都要学习，B级别的学习B/C两篇文章，C级别的只学习C级一篇文章！综合A真题Gross National HappinessIn the last century, new technology improved the lives of many people in many countries. However, one country resisted these changes. High in the Himalayan mountains of Asia, the kingdom of Bhutan remained separate. Its people and Buddhist(佛教)culture had not been affected for almost a thousand years. Bhutan, however, was a poor country. People died at a young ag e. Most of its people could not read, and they did not know much about the outside world. Then, in 1972, a new ruler named King Jigme Singye Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan to become modern, but without losing its traditions. King Wangchuck looked at other countries for ideas. He saw that most countries measured their progress by their Gross National Product (GNP). The GNP measures products and money. When the number of products sold increases, people say the country is making progress. King Wangchuck had a different idea for Bhutan. He wanted to measure his countrys progress by peoples happiness. If the peoples happiness increased, the king could say that Bhutan was making progress. To decide if people were happier, he created a measure called Gross National Happiness (GNH). GNH is based on certain principles that create happiness. People are happier if they have health care, education, and jobs. They are happier when they live in a healthy, protected environment. They are happier when they can keep their traditional culture and customs. Finally, people are happier when they have a good, stable government. Now there is some evidence of increased GNH in Bhutan. People are healthier and are living longer. More people are educated and employed. Twenty-five percent of the land has become national parks, and the country has almost no pollution. The Bhutanese continue to wear their traditional clothing and follow their ancient Buddhist customs. Bhutan has also become a democracy. In 2008, King Wangchuck gave his power to his son. Although the country still had a king, it held its first democratic elections that year. Bhutan had political parties and political candidates for the first time. Finally, Bhutan has connected to the rest of the world through television and internet. Bhutan is a symbol for social progress. Many countries are now interested in Bhutans GNH. These countries are investigating their own ways to measure happiness. They want to create new policies that take care of their people, cultures, and land. Brazil may be the nest country to use the principles of GNH. Brazilian leaders see the principles of GNH as a source of inspiration. Brazil is a large country with a diverse population. If happiness works as a measure of progress in Brazil, perhaps the rest of the world will follow. 31. Who was Jigme Singye Wangchuck? Q727 007 008A. A president. B. A Buddhist priest. C. A king. D. A general. 32. Apart from modernizing Bhutan, what else did Wangchuck want to do for Bhutan? A. To make its population grow. B. To keep it separate from the world. C. To encourage its people to get rich. D. To keep its traditions and customs. 33. A country shows its progress with GNP by .A. spending more money B. spending less money C. selling more products D. providing more jobs 34. According to GNH, people are happier if they .A. have new technology B. have a good, stable government C. can change their religion D. have more money 35. Today many countries are .A. trying to find their own ways to measure happiness B. using the principles of GNH to measure their progress C. working together to develop a common scale to measure GNH D. taking both Bhutan and Brazil as symbols for social progress 3132333435CDCBA综合B真题第一篇 Operation MigrationIf you look up at the sky in the early fall in the northern part of North America, you may see groups of birds. These birds are flying south to places where they can find food and warmth for the winter. They are migrating (迁徙). The young birds usually learn to migrate from their parents. They follow their parents south. In one unusual case, however, the young birds are following something very different. These birds are young whooping cranes, and they are following an airplane!The whooping crane is the largest bird that is native to North America. These birds almost disappeared in the 1800s. By 1941, there were only about 20 cranes alive. In the 1970s, people were- worried that these creatures were in danger of disappearing completely. As a result, the United States identified whooping cranes as an endangered species that they needed to protect. Q727OO7008Some researchers tried to help. They began to breed whooping cranes in special parks to increase the number of birds. This plan was successful. There were a lot of new baby birds. As the birds became older, the researchers wanted to return them to nature. However, there was a problem: These young birds did not know how to migrate. They needed human help.In 2001, some people had a creative idea. They formed an organization called Operation Migration. This group decided to use very light airplanes, instead of birds, to lead the young whooping cranes On their first trip south. They painted each airplane to look like a whooping crane. Even the pilots wore special clothing to make them look like cranes. The cranes began to trust the airplanes, and the plan worked.Today, planes still lead birds across approximately l,200 miles (1, 931 kilometers), from the United States-Canadian border to the Gulf of Mexico. They leave the birds at different sites. If a trip is successful, the birds can travel on their own in the future. Then, when these birds become parents, they will teach their young to migrate. The people of Operation Migration think this is the only way to maintain the whooping crane population.Operation Migration works with several other organizations and government institutes. Together, they assist hundreds of cranes each year. However, some experts predict that soon, this wont be necessary. Thanks to Operation Migration and its partners, the crane population will continue to migrate. Hopefully, they wont need human help any more.41 Whooping cranes migrate in winter to_ Araise baby whooping cranes Bfind warmth and food Cget human help Dlay eggs42 Whooping cranes are native to_. AMexico BSouth America Cthe Persian Gulf DNorth America43 Operation Migration aims to_. Ateach adult cranes how to fly Bbreed cranes In special parks Clead young cranes on their first trip south Dtransport cranes to the North44 The distance covered by the young whooping cranes on their trip south is_. A120 miles B 1. 200 miles C 1. 931 miles D 2. 000 miles45 If Operation Migration is successful, whooping cranes will_. A follow airplanes south every year Blive in Canada all year round Cbe unable to fly backDlearn to migrate on their own41 B42 A43 C44 B45 A综合C真题From Ponzi to Madof The year was 1920. The country was the United States of America. The mans name was Charles Ponzi. Ponzi told people to stop depositing money in a savings account. Instead, they should give it to him to save for them. Ponzi promised to pay them more than the bank. For example, a savings account might pay you $5 a year for every $100 you deposit. Ponzi, however, would pay you $40 a year for every $100 you gave him to hold. Many people thought this was a good plan. They began to give their money to Ponzi. How could Ponzi make so much money for people? This is what he did with the money people gave him: He used some of that money to pay other people who gave him money. However, he also kept a lot of the money for himself. Soon he had $250 million. This was a kind of theft, and it was against the law. The people who gave him their money didnt think anything was wrong. Ponzi paid them every month, just like a bank. Ponzi continued this way of working for two years. Then one day, he didnt have enough money to pay all the people. They discovered his crime, and he went to prison for fraud. Ninety years later, people began to hear about a businessman in New York named Bernard Madoff. People said he gave good advice about money. They said when they gave him their money, he paid them a lot more than the bank. Madoff helped hospitals, schools, and individuals earn money. Over a period of 40 years, people gave him $170 billion. However, no one investigated what he did with the money. The people who gave Madoff their money also didnt think anything was wrong because he paid them every month. One day, Madoff didnt have enough money to pay all the people he needed to pay. Thats when people discovered how Madoff worked: He was taking money from some people to pay other people, just the way Charles Ponzi did. However, this time, instead of losing millions of dollars, people lost billions. Q727 007 008Madoff was accused of fraud, and United States government officials arrested him. He didnt have to go on trial because he said he was guilty. In 2009, a judge sentenced him t0 150 years in prison. Bernard Madoffs crime was even bigger than P