安徽省合肥市2018届高三英语质量检测英语试题.doc

安徽省合肥市2018届高三入学教学质量检测第二部分：阅读理解（共两节, 满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。A An increasing number of children in England are being expelled(开除)from school. Supported by UK Youth, the Macclesfield Youth Achievement Foundation is aimed at children either excluded or at risk of exclusion. The program relies on a combination of skills training and activities outside the classroom. I arrived at the local fire station with Kevin Bradburne, the programs head. Inside sat smiling students dressed in fire uniforms and ready to learn about road safety. Two of them, however, refused to join in. being unwilling to get involved is common. Few of the students aged 13-16 are used to a normal academic timetable. Two of them have had just four hours of home education a week over the past two years, while many of the others spent long periods getting suspended(停学). As the teenagers rushed out of class for a break, one of them paused to hold open the door for me. When he ran to join his friends, his teachers watched him proudly. The smallest breakthrough can mean a great deal. At the Macclesfield Youth Achievement Foundation, a simple raised hand is cause for celebration. “Theyre frustrated and angry, and they dont know what to do about their feelings,” said Kevin Bradburne. “We have to help them.”The programmed offers a diversity of solutions to its twelve students. The day starts with a proper breakfast, and activities may then alternate between problem-solving, painting the classroom, spending time with teachers and growing vegetables. Feedback from the children varies from hour to hour. “Id rather be at school getting suspended all day,” said Megan as her request to go down for lunch was denied. Tom was more positive. “Its so much better than school,” he said. Attendance rate here stands at 93%.The schemes success lies in the teachers efforts to build selfconfidence and skills for the children. However, Mr Bradburne worries about what will happen when the financial support expires (终止). UK Youth has only three years of funding the Department for Children, Schools and families.21. Which of the following is NOT true about Macclesfied Youth Achievement Foundation? A. It is aimed at students either excluded or at risk of exclusion B. It hasnt proved successful, since attendance rate is low C. It provides skills training and activities outside school D. It is supported by UK Youth22. We learn from paragraph 2 that the students are unwilling to get involved because _. A. most of them are frustrated and angry B. most of them have never been to school C. few of them have learned about road safety D. few of them are used to a normal academic timetable23. What do the students think of the scheme? A. They have mixed opinions B. They think its better than school C. They think its boring and meaningless D. They think its interesting but not helpful24. What will the author most probably discuss in the next part? A. Courses the scheme offers B. Difficulties the scheme faces C. Solutions the scheme provides D. Achievements the scheme has madeBMany teens in high school want to try out for sports. A lot of them try out because they think it will make them popular or get them more dates. While this may seem like a silly reason, there are lots of other benefits to sports that your children may fail to notice. With TV, movies, computers and video games becoming more and more popular, it has become so much easier for teens to be by themselves rather than going out with friends. Kids used to go hang out at the mall or drive around town; now they just sit at home. Getting your teens into a sport gives them a chance to go out and spend time with other people socially. While they may not find a new best friend, they will learn how to communicate with one another and work as a team and theyll find something useful later in life.More and more kids are becoming overweight. Joining a team sport will help teens get out and get some exercise without feeling pressured to lose weight or get in shape. Whats more, if your teens see that their physical condition is causing them to under-perform, they may be encouraged to do other activities to get healthy. By the time your children reach their teenager year, part of good parenting will be providing them with direction and encouragement and continuing to help them develop a healthy style of living.These days, its becoming harder to show your teenagers that you love and support them. A great way to do this is by showing up to their game, helping them practice, and helping with team fundraisers. These are also great ways to spend time with your kids and talk to them.You may think “but my teen isnt good enough to make their school team”. There are plenty of other places besides school to play team sports. You can always check out “for-fun” teams. You could look into more unknown sports that you may not have thought of, did you know that bowling is a NCAA team sports If you do a little research, youre sure to find something your teen will enjoy. Team sports are a great way for teens to get out of the house, get moving, make friends, and even get a scholarship to college. So why not talk to them about getting into sports today25. After joining a sport, children may .A. lose weight without any pressure.B. find little pressure in learning.C. be forced to do some exercise. D. be provided with good parenting.26. What does the under lined word “this” refer to?A. To help teens develop a healthy lifestyle.B. To show love to your teens.C. To enable teens to know more about new places.D. To motivate teens to get healthy.27. Why did the author write this passage?A. To explain some non-competitive sports.B. To encourage parents to join their children in sports.C. To introduce the advantages of sports for teens.D. To stress the importance of teamwork in sports.CMany years ago, when we were a young couple with two small children, aged 2 and 4, we were practically impecunious. My in-laws lived from hand to mouth, so we didnt expect any help from them. My parents lived a great distance away, and I was too ashamed to let them know about our situation.My husband was trying to earn a living with an old pick-up truck, carrying groceries for local shopkeepers, but it was constantly breaking down. It took almost all the money we had to have it fixed. The truck was also the only means of transportation for us.We lived in the countryside, and we always used the back door because the driveway led to it. One winter evening, I stepped outside to take a bag of trash to the barrel and almost tripped over something. It was nearly dark, and I had to bend down to see what it was. I could hardly believe my eyes. There sat a large basket loaded with food.It was heavy, so I called to my husband to carry into the house. Once inside, we discovered two loaves of bread, some butter, several cans of vegetables, a can of orange sauce, and a large turkey. There was so much that I cant remember it all, but it was everything we needed to fix a wonderful dinnereverything except potatoes.A little while later I remembered that I hadnt taken the trash to the barrel. By now it was dark, so I had to turn on the yard light and thats when I spotted a small bag of potatoes sitting on the porch.That dinner was the best I can remember.We werent able to thank our donators, though, because we never found out who had been so generous in helping a struggling young family. Whoever it was, we are forever grateful.28. Which of the following can replace the underlined word impecunious in Paragraph 1? A. Generous. B. Harmonious. C. Penniless. D. Stubborn.29. How did the authors husband support the family?A. By starting a garage. B. By selling food door to door.C. By delivering goods. D. By working as a shop assistant.30. How did the author feel when she saw the basket?A. She was annoyed. B. She was astonished.C. She was terrified. D. She felt a sense of relief.31. What may be the best title for the text?A. A helping hand in timeB. A struggling young coupleC. A tale of potatoesD. A reward from a strangerDAs Artificial Intelligence (A) becomes increasingly sophisticated,there are growing concerns that robots could become a threat.This danger can be avoided,according to computer science professor Stuart Russell,if we figure out how to turn human values into a programmable code.Russell argues that as robots take on more complicated tasks,its necessary to translate our morals into AI language.For example,if a robot does chores around the house,you wouldnt want it to put the pet cat in the oven to make dinner for the hungry children. You would want that robot preloaded with a good set of values, said Russell.Some robots are already programmed with basic human values.For example,mobile robots have been programmed to keep a comfortable distance from humans.Obviously there are cultural differences,but if you were talking to another person and they came up close in your personal space,you wouldnt think thats the kind of thing a properly brought-up person would do.It will be possible to create more sophisticated moral machines,if only we can find a way to set out human values as clear rules.Robots could also learn values from drawing patterns from large sets of data on human behavior.They are dangerous only if programmers are careless.The biggest concern with robots going against human values is that human beings fail to do sufficient testing and theyve produced a system that will break some kind of taboo（禁忌）.One simple check would be to program a robot to check the correct course of action with a human when presented with an unusual situation.If the robot is unsure whether an animal is suitable for the microwave,it has the opportunity to stop,send out beeps,and ask for directions from a human.If we humans arent quite sure about a decision,we go and ask somebody else.The most difficult step in programming values will be deciding exactly what we believe in moral,and how to create a set of ethical rules.But if we come up with an answer,robots could be good for humanity.32.What does the author say about the threat of robots?A.It may be a challenge to computer programmers.B.It accompanies all machinery involving high technology.C.It can be avoided if human values are translated into their language.D.It has become an inevitable danger as technology gets more sophisticated.33.How do robots learn human values?A.By interacting with humans in everyday life situations.B.By following the daily routines of civilized human beings.C.By picking up patterns from massive data on human behavior.D.By imitating the behavior of properly brought-up human beings.34.What will a well-programmed robot do when facing an unusual situation?A.Keep a distance from possible dangers.B.Do sufficient testing before taking action.C.Set off its built-in alarm system at once.D.Stop to seek advice from a human being. 35.What is most difficult to do when we turn human values into a programmable code?A.Determine what is moral and ethical.B.Design some large-scale experiments.C.Set rules for man-machine interaction.D.Develop a more sophisticated program.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分, 满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多 余选项。The road to happinessWe all know that money cant buy happiness,but many times we act as if wed be happier with a bit more money. We are trained to want the latest style that television tells us. 36 But none of that win bring us happiness.No matter how much we earn,no matter how nice our clothing or cars or toys,none of it will make us happier.And the sad thing is that it could take us decades of pursuing wealth and luxury items before we realize this.So what will bring us happiness? 37 Positive thinking.Im obviously a big approval of positive thinking as the best way to achieve your goals,but it turns out that it can lead to happiness too. 38 Happy people feel energetic,in control of their lives,and have a positive attitude to life. 39 We have a human need to be close.Having good,supportive friendships,a strong,marriage or close and loving links with our family members will make us much more likely to be happy.Flow.This is a popular concept on the Internet these days-the state we enter when we are completely focused on the work before us.Having work and leisure that gets you in this state of flow will almost undoubtedly lead to happiness.People find greatest enjoyment not when theyre passively mindless,but when theyre absorbed in a mindful challenge. 40 Dont waste them!A.Good relationships.B.Youve been given the three secrets to happiness.C.In fact,this should be one of the first habits you develop.D.It may sound ridiculous,but it has worked for me every time.E.Luckily,herere three secrets to happiness that dont cost a thing.F.We want to earn more money because then well have the good life.G.Optimism and self-esteem are some of the best indicators of people who lead happy lives第三部分: 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Did you ever have a dream ? Im not talking about a dream you have when you sleep.Im talking about a conscious 41 where you would like to see a new future , a different choice of employment,and a 42 of you own.How many times have you wished that you could be living in a different 43 than the one you are 44 experiencing?Several years ago,I had a dream about inventing a board game that would 45 my lifes fortunes.After many revisions,a board game was developed.It was a(n) 46 time.Our dream seemed to come true with sales starting to accumulate,and our company was also 47 . 48 ,another new board game 49 the market and made great progress in sales.Eventually,our company was dissolved.Perhaps for a game developer,the 50 emotions that it never was meant to be will discourage his future dreams of a different life.But to me,maybe I didnt succeed to the level I 51 ,at the very least I turned my dream 52 a reality. 53 I had never transferred my dream into goal and then to action,there wouldnt have been 54 lessons to be learned from the failure.It may take many 55 but success is only achieved.Once dreams are 56 action,failure becomes a 57 action plans in future.The important 58 here is that success only comes by turning dreams into reality and realizing that 59 are only stepping-stones to final success.After many attempts,many failures,many lessons and many false starts,learn valuable lessons from failure,tum dreams into 60 ,and dont let a dream only be a dream,success will arrive at last.41.A.future B.life C.dream D.plan42.A factory B.business C.car D.farm43.A environment B.school C.family D.society44.A.enjoyably B.previously C.constantly D.currently45.A.destroy B.realize C.change D.create46.A.exciting B.terrible C.dark D.embarrassing47.A.canceled B.combined C.disappeared D.founded48.A.Unfortunately B.Unlikely C.Unconsciously D.Unfairly49.A.came into B.left out C.came back D.took in50.A.optimistic B.negative C.difficult D.positive51.A.needed B.devoted C.desired D.begged52.A.by B.on C.over D.into53.A.Unless B.If C.After D.Before54.A.valuable B.successful C.useless D.cruel55.A.analyses B.designs C.attempts D.revisions56.A.took up B.look into C.run across D.put into57.A.good B.better C.most D.bad58.A.meaning B.point C.truth D.purpose59.A.efforts B.achievements C.possibilities D.difficulties60.A.heart B.existence C.action D.ambition第三部分:英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第二节（共10小題：每小题1.5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Developed from ideas by Confucius during the Spring and Autumn Period, Confucianism(儒家思想) is a philosophical and ethical (道德的) system 61 has become an influential part of Chinese culture. Confucianism was first set up by Confucius. And later it 62 (develop) by philosophers (哲学家) ， including Mencius, Dong Zhongshu, Wang Yangming and others. After Confucianism gained a supreme position in the Han dynasty more than 2,0000 years ago, its influence went into all walks of life and all streams of 63 (think) in Chinese society for the generation to come. Its junzi philosophy has become 64 standard of many Chinese people. Confucianism means a lot not only to China, but also to the world. Today, mottos from Confucianism 65 (be) frequently used by foreign officials in their 66 (speech) or talks. People around the globe can have access 67 Confucius ideas in Confucius Institutes and Chinese Culture Centers abroad. The institutes and centers serve as non-profit public institutions 68 (help) foreigners better understand China through language teaching and culture introduction. To date, China has 69 (succes