博超教育辅导中心2011暑期.doc

博超教育辅导中心2011暑期八年级试卷(一) 写出二十个元音音素和二十八个辅音音素。(二) 写出你所知道的介词的含义。(三) 写出你学过的情态动词。四直接引语变间接引语。l 定义：（ ）引述别人的话，叫“直接引语”。用（ ）转述别人的话，叫“间接引语”。直接引语前后一般要加引号，间接引语不用引号。l 直接引语变间接引语的总则：1、去掉引号看句型；2、人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语、动词相应变；3、陈述语序很重要。l 去掉引号看句型：(1)直接引语如果是陈述句，变为间接引语时，用连词()引导（that在口语中常省略）。直接引语中的said to sb 变为间接引语时用( )sb。（2）直接引语如果是疑问句，变为间接引语时：A、如果直接引语是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，用连词()引导。主句中的谓语动词时said时，要改为asked。没有间接宾语的，可以加一个间接宾语（me,us,you,him,her,them或某个人名）；B、如果直接引语是特殊疑问句，变为间接引语时，用()引导。（3）直接引语如果是祈使句，要用此句型：( ) to do sth。如果祈使句为否定式，在不定式的前面加上not,为肯定式时则不加not。l 人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语、动词相应变：n 人称的变化规则：( )。l 一从主：He said to Tom,I can help them. l He told Tom （that） ( )could help them.l 二从宾：He said to Tom,You can help them.l He told Tom（that) ( )could help them.l 三不变：He said to Tom,Lucy can help them.l He told Tom (that) ( )could help them. u 从举例中，去理解人称的变化规则。一从主：即引号中的直接引语的人称为第一人称（I,me,my,mine,we,us,our,ours），变为间接引语时，要与主句的主语保持一致。二从宾：即引号中的直接引语的人称为第二人称（you,your,yours），变为间接引语时，要与主句的宾语保持一致。三不变：即引号中直接引语的人称为第三人称（he,him,his/she,her,hers/it,its/they,them,their,theirs或某个人名），变为间接引语时，人称保持不变。l 主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变为间接引语时，从句的谓语动词在时态上要作如下的变化。l 直接引语l 间接引语l 一般现在时 am/is/aren do/doesl 一般过去时 ( )n ( )l 现在进行时am/is/are+doingl 过去进行时( )l 现在完成时have/has+动词过去分词l 过去完成时( )+动词过去分词l 一般过去时 was/weren didl 过去完成时 had+beenl had+动词过去分词l 过去完成时l 过去完成时（不变）l 一般将来时will/shall+动词原形l 过去将来时( )+动词原形l canl ( )l mayl ( )l (2)时态的变化规则：如果主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，直接引语变为间接引语时，从句的谓语动词在时态上要作相应的变化。如果主句的谓语动词是现在时，从句的时态则无需变化。l (3)指示代词的变化规则： ll 直接引语l 间接引语l 指示l 代词l this 这ll these 这些ll (4)时间状语的变化规则：ll 时间l 状语l 直接引语l 间接引语l now现在ll today今天ll this week本周ll yesterday昨天ll the day before yesterday前天ll last week上周ll three days ago三天以前ll tomorrow明天ll the day after tomorrow后天ll next week 下周ll （5）地点状语和动词的变化规则：ll 直接引语l 间接引语u 地点状语l here这里lu 动词l come来ll 陈述语序很重要：（1）直接引语是陈述句时，本身已是陈述语序，就不必作任何变化。（2）直接引语是疑问句时，在将其变为间接引语时，就要将疑问句语序变为陈述句语序，规则为：如果疑问句中是借助的do/does/did，则去掉；如果疑问句中是提前的be/助/情态动词，则回原位。l 注意：直接引语变为间接引语时的变化应根据实际情况而定。如果在当天转述，today,yesterday,tomorrow就不必变；如果在当地转述，here 和come也不必变成there和go。在过去时的引述动词之后，当转述客观真理或引述的状态和情况到现在仍然是事实时，常用一般现在时。(四) 以work为例，写出各种时态的结构并造句._(五) 阅读理解（）Modern life is 1 without traveling. The 2 way of traveling is by air. With a modern airline you can travel in one day to places. But it 3 a month or more to get to these places a hundred years ago. Traveling by train is 4 than by air , but it has its advantages(便利). You can see the country you are traveling through. Modern trains have comfortable seats and dining cars. They make even the longest journey(旅程) 5 .Some people 6 travel by sea if it is possible. There are large liners and river boats. You can visit many other countries and different places. Traveling by sea is a very 7 way to 8 a holiday.Many people like to travel by 9 . You can make your 10 timetable. You can travel three or four hundred miles or only fifty or one hundred miles a day, just 11 you like. You can stop 12 you wishwhere there is something interesting to see, at a good restaurant where you can 13 a good meal, or at a hotel to spend the night. That is 14 traveling by car is popular for pleasure trips, while people usually take a train or a plane when they are traveling 15 business.( ) 1. A. impossible B. possible C. good D. bad( ) 2. A. fastest B. faster C. slowest D. slower( ) 3. A. spend B. took C. cost D. worth( ) 4. A. faster B. fast C. slower D. slow( ) 5. A. enjoy B. harmful C. enjoyable D. tired( ) 6. A. prefer to B. prefer C. prefers D. prefers to ( ) 7. A. pleased B. pleasure C. pleasant D. please( ) 8. A. take B. spend C. cost D. visit( ) 9. A. jeep B. truck C. car D. bike( ) 10. A. owns B. owns C. owns D. own( ) 11. A. to B. from C. as D. with( ) 12. A. whatever B. wherever C. however D. whichever( ) 13. A. enjoy B. like C. love D. eat( ) 14. A. what B. why C. where D. which( ) 15. A. in B. with C. for D.onIts easier to go downhill than to climb uphill, so its easier to fall into bad habits than into good_1_. Bad habits do not come_2_. They come little by little, so you dont know their _3_. Schoolboys first pick up little bad habits at_4_ and on the streets. When they cannot do their homework, they copy from their_5_. If they see bigger boys smoking, they_6_ want to learn to smoke. If they see their friends gambling(赌博), they want to gamble. When they get _7_, the habits become stronger and stronger. Then they can no longer give them up. From copying, they learn to _8_; from gambling, they learn to cheat(欺骗). _9_ no one believes in them. How _10_ it is that we stop the bad habits at the beginning!( ) 1.A. one B. ones C. other D. others( ) 2.A.slowly B. usually C. exactly D. suddenly( ) 3.A. danger B. idea C. plan D. hope( ) 4.A. work B. school C. home D. night( ) 5.A. parents B. teachers C. classmates D. students( ) 6.A. still B. too C. also D. yet( ) 7.A. thinner B. fatter C. older D. younger( ) 8.A. read B. give C. write D. steal( ) 9. A. At last B. At first C. At least D. At most( ) 10.A. silly B. important C. difficult D. easyMr. King worked in a factory. He was tall and 1 . He liked playing basketball. He spent a lot of 2 on it and sometimes he was late for the work. It made his boss 3 and one day the young man 4 . He tried to find another piece of work, but he 5 . Several months later he got into trouble and lived a 6 life. Once he met with his friend in the street. The man felt 7 for him and introduced him to his brother who was a 8 of a spare time physical cultural school. It was just in great need of some swimming coaches and he began to 9 the children to swim there. He wasnt a good worker and he wasnt a good coach, either. Two months later ,the children 10 nothing. Few of them could swim in the 11 river. It was Saturday and the weather was very 12 . The children wouldnt stay in the classroom and they hoped to swim in the river. Mr. King found it was difficult to 13 them. He had to agree with them. Before they started, he drew a line 14 the knee of each child with a red pen. He said to them，“Come out of the river at once if the water 15 the line!”( ) 1. A. weak B. strong C. fat D. ill( ) 2. A. time B. hope C. money D. sound( ) 3. A. pleased B. sad C. angry D. friendly( ) 4. A. used B. was used C. sent off D. was sent off( ) 5. A. cried B. shouted C. failed D. laughed( ) 6. A. busy B. useful C. light D. hard( ) 7. A. sorry B. safe C. dangerous D. surprised( ) 8. A. worker B. headmaster C. driver D. nurse( ) 9. A. show B. teach C. tell D. ask( ) 10. A. did B. saw C. heard D. learned( ) 11. A. deep B. wide C. narrow D. low( ) 12. A. cool B. warm C. hot D. cold( ) 13. A. save B. leave C. hurt D. stop( ) 14. A. below B. in C. over D. between( ) 15. A. washes B. reaches C. touches D. took(六) 适当形式填空.1. Tom has _ (few; fewer) Christmas cards than I.2. There will be _ (less; fewer) green trees in fifty years.3. He is ill and he can eat _ (more; less) food.4. David has _ (less; fewer) money than Anna has.5. She wants to be a _ (science) when she grows up. 6. There is a tall _ (build) in front of the