新托福口语真经4plus_英语考试_外语学习_教育专区.pdf

INDEPENDENT TASK Making Friends Discussions or Lectures INTEGRATED TASK Making Sports Mandatory for Students Business Mental Accounting A Broken Computer Ecology Roads and the Ecology 01 A C T U A L TEST Test 01 15 Question What is a good way to make a new friend 如何交新朋友 01 01 WARMING UP 听问题 将脑海里浮现的选项标出来 travelworkplace clubsbusiness partners school academyfriends strangersin laws onlinepen pals blind datesrandom NOTE TAKING travel abroad 海外旅行 went to NY took Eng classes 去 了 纽约 听英语课 met people became friends 见了 一些人 成为朋友 meet online 在网上认识 social networking system 社交网络 make account meet people 申请账号 认识一些人 SAMPLE RESPONSE 01 02 I believe that there are many ways to make good friends I have two reasons for having this opinion First you can meet new friends by traveling abroad To be specific I went to New York last summer and I took some English classes there In New York I met people from all around the world We became friends and I keep in touch with them now Secondly you can make new friends online To illustrate there are more social networking systems now than in the past You can simply make your own account and meet many people online For these two reasons I believe there are many ways to make good friends WORD REMINDER keep in touch with 与 保持联系 account ka nt 账号 INDEPENDENT TASK Making Friends 16 Question Some teachers have discussions in their classes Others prefer to lecture all of the time Which method of teaching do you think is better for students and why Give specific reasons and examples to support your opinion 一些老师喜欢在课堂上组织讨论 而另 外一些则喜欢一直讲 你认为哪种授课方式更好 理由是什么 用具体的理由和例子来支持自己的观点 01 03 NOTE TAKING DISCUSSIONS students involved learn more 学生参与 学到更多 think about material learn why things happened 动脑思考学习材料 了解事情发生的原因 LECTURES teachers know more than students 教师比学生知道的更多 discussions waste of time 讨论 浪费时间 SAMPLE RESPONSE 1 DISCUSSIONS 01 04 In my opinion teachers should have discussions in their classes I have two reasons for having this opinion First discussions get the students more involved in the class To be specific the students will pay more attention in class since they have to talk about the topic with the teacher and other students This will help the students learn more Secondly class discussions will make students think about the material they are discussing To illustrate in history classes students can think about why people acted in a certain way instead of just learning what they did For these two reasons I believe teachers should have discussions in their classes SAMPLE RESPONSE 2 LECTURES 01 05 In my opinion teachers should only lecture in their classes I have two reasons for having this opinion First teachers know a lot more than their students To be specific teachers have attended college and often graduate school So they have a deep knowledge of their subject Students don t So only the teacher should speak in order for students to learn as much as possible Secondly class discussions are often a waste of time Students usually start talking about topics other than the one they should be discussing When that happens the students don t learn the lesson that the teacher had intended For these two reasons I believe teachers should only lecture in their classes WORD REMINDER get involved 参与 干预 to be specific 具体来说 TIPS for SUCCESS 例子的选择 某些考生为了给考官留下好印象 在回答时甚至会举一些晦涩难懂的事例 其实 托福口语考试的目的并 不是考查考生的文化素养 而是为了检测考生用英语准确说明事物的能力 如果所举事例过于复杂 考生 很可能表述不清 那么就可能被扣分 比如 关于 介绍自己喜欢的一本书 这个话题 比起概念难懂的 哲学书 用大家耳熟能详的小说作为例子的话会更容易帮助考官理解 INDEPENDENT TASK Discussions or Lectures Test 01 17 RELATED TOPICS for Independent Tasks Task 1 1 Who is an influential person in your life 人生中谁对你有着重要影响力 boss work in same office 老板 在同一个办公室工作 has taught value of hard work 教会了我努力工作的价值 gives good advice 给我好的忠告 have become better worker get promoted soon 成为更好的职员 快速升职 2 What kind of person is your best friend 你最好的朋友是一个什么样的人 met in hiking club 在徒步旅行俱乐部认识 active enjoys outdoor activities 活跃的 喜欢户外活动 giving 善良的 ex needed once loaned to me 例 有一次我急需钱 借钱给我 saved me from big problem 帮我走出困境 Task 2 3 When you attend a class do you take notes or do you listen closely to the lecture 上 课时 你是专心听课呢 还是边听边做笔记呢 Take NotesListen Closely can t remember everything prof says 教授说的内容不能 全都记住 helps me review for tests 在考试之前帮助复习 have good memory 记忆力好 get extra info from textbook 从课本中获得额外的信息 4 Everyone does not need to attend college 没有必要所有人都上大学 AgreeDisagree some jobs no need for college 一些工作 不需要大学 文凭 not everyone likes studying 不是所有人都喜欢学习 learn more info at school 在学校可以学到很多知识 college life good experience 大学生活 好的体验 18 Reading Listening READING To the Editor Recently the school has spent millions of dollars refurbishing existing athletic facilities and constructing new ones The school currently has some outstanding places to play sports and to exercise However I have noticed that these facilities often have few people working out in them I propose that the school make participating in sports mandatory for all students This will ensure that the school has not wasted the money that it spent on building and renovating the facilities In addition many students are overweight and clearly need to exercise Requiring them to work out will help them get in good shape Daniel Carter Sophomore LISTENING 01 06 Question The man expresses his opinion of the student s letter to the editor State his opinion and explain the reasons he gives for holding that opinion 这位男士向编辑陈述了自己 对学生这封信的看法 陈述他的观点 并解释他持有这个观点的理由 01 07 INTEGRATED TASK Making Sports Mandatory for Students Test 01 19 NOTE TAKING READING school spent on athletic facilities 学校在运动设施上投入资金 often empty make sports mandatory 经常没人用 使运动成为必修课 students overweight need to exercise get in shape 学生们超重 需要运动 保持健康 WORD REMINDER refurbish ri f rb 将 建筑 新装修 work out 运动 mandatory m nd t ri 强行的 必须的 in good shape 健康的 LISTENING WOMAN school spent lots of 学校花了很多钱 students need to work out 学生们有必要运 动 MAN no one asked school to spend 没有人要 求学校花钱 no survey of students 没有在学生中进行调查 spend on library 投资图书馆 school not responsible for making students exercise 学校没有责任让学生运动 students not at gym 学生不在体育馆运动 but others jog ride bikes on campus 但是他们 在校园内慢跑 骑车 WORD REMINDER be forced to 被迫做 勉强做 survey s r ve 调查 SAMPLE RESPONSE 01 08 The man and woman share their opinions on the letter to the editor that the student wrote about requiring all university students to participate in sporting events The man expresses a negative opinion of the student s letter for two reasons The first reason is that he doesn t believe that the school should have spent so much money on the athletic facilities According to him the school should have asked the students how to spend the money but it didn t do that He states that he wanted the money to be spent on the library Secondly the man claims that it isn t the school s job to make students exercise or lose weight And he notes that many students work out at places other than the gym They jog or cycle elsewhere around campus Therefore the man strongly disagrees with the student s letter to the editor 20 Reading Listening READING Mental Accounting People often make mental calculations when considering how to spend their money In their minds they may separate the money that they have into different accounts based upon criteria that are known only to them For instance mental accounts may be created for food housing entertainment and other budgetary items Each of these receives a certain amount of money in the person s mind When that money is exhausted the person will typically no longer spend any money on that item even if he or she has enough funds to pay for it LISTENING 01 09 Question The professor talks about how people choose to spend their money Explain how these examples are related to mental accounting 教授谈论了人们会选择什么样的花钱方式 解释这些例子和心理账户理论有什么关系 01 10 INTEGRATED TASK Business Mental Accounting Test 01 21 NOTE TAKING READING 1 separate into diff accounts food housing entertainment etc 把钱分成不同的账户 食 品 居住 娱乐等 2 each account some exhaust spend no more 每个账户 一定的钱 钱花完后 不再花 WORD REMINDER calculation k lkj le n 计算 criterion kra t r n 基准 标准 budgetary b d teri 预算的 exhaust g z st 耗尽 枯竭 LISTENING 1 wife buys 5 donuts leaves on bus 妻子 买了5美元的甜甜圈 落在了公共汽车上 doesn t buy again 10 for donuts too expensive 没有再买 花10美元买甜甜圈 太贵 2 save for house but car breaks 正在存钱买房 但是车子出故障了 need for repairs don t spend 修车 需要很多钱 不花钱修车 new house fixing car 买房子 修汽车 WORD REMINDER ascribe A to B 把A归因于B the other day 前不久 refuse r fjuz 拒绝 SAMPLE RESPONSE 01 11 In the lecture the professor describes two ways in which people choose to spend their money The first example he gives concerns his wife She paid five dollars for donuts but left them on the bus She refused to buy another bag because she thought that spending ten dollars on donuts was excessive The second example he gives concerns a family saving to buy a house When their car needs repairing they don t do it because they don t want to spend the money they have saved for their new home These demonstrate the concept called mental accounting which is defined as a way in which people make mental calculations about how they will spend their money In mental accounting people set aside money for certain items and won t spend more if they go over budget WORD REMINDER excessive k ses v 超过的 过度的 demonstrate dem n stre t 论证 说明 define d fa n 定义 set aside 留出 拨出 go over budget 超过预算 22 Listening LISTENING 01 12 Question The students discuss two possible solutions to the man s problem Describe the problem Then state which of the two solutions you prefer and explain why 交谈双方针对 男生的问题探讨了两种可能的解决方案 描述这个问题 说一下你更偏向于哪个解决方案并解释理由 01 13 INTEGRATED TASK A Broken Computer Test 01 23 NOTE TAKING LISTENING Problemwriting a paper 写论文 Reasoncomputer broken 电脑 出故障了 Option 1 Buy a New One might break again costs more 有可能再次出故障 花费更多 comp lab closes 10 计算机房 10点关门 Option 2 Fix It money need it for summer vacation in Hawaii 钱 去夏威夷过暑假时要用 able to work in comp lab 可以在计算机房写论文 WORD REMINDER get through 摆脱 困难的状况 frustrated fr stre t d 失望的 guarantee ger n ti 保障 保证 keep in mind 记住 weigh we 衡 量 权衡 panic p n k 恐怖 恐慌 SAMPLE RESPONSE 1 BUYING A NEW ONE 01 14 The man has a problem concerning an essay he has to write The reason is that his computer is broken The man and woman are discussing two possible options The first option is that the man should buy a new computer The second option is that the man should fix the computer he has In my opinion the first option is better than the second option for two reasons First even if he fixes his computer there s no guarantee that it will not break again Secondly it would be hard to write an essay since the computer lab closes at 10 every day Therefore I prefer the first option to the second option SAMPLE RESPONSE 2 FIXING IT 01 15 The man has a problem concerning an essay he has to write The reason is that his computer is broken The man and woman are discussing two possible options The first option is that the man should buy a new computer The second option is that the man should fix the computer he has In my opinion the second option is better than the first option for two reasons First the money he needs to buy a new computer is the money he has been saving to go to Hawaii in the summer So if he buys a new computer he can t go to Hawaii Secondly he can write his essay in the computer lab Therefore I prefer the second option to the first option 24 Listening LISTENING 01 16 Question Using points and examples from the talk explain two different ways that roads can have a harmful effect on the ecology of a region 运用听力材料中的要点和事例 解释一下道 路会以哪两种方式对地域生态造成破坏 01 17 INTEGRATED TASK Ecology Roads and the Ecology Test 01 25 NOTE TAKING LISTENING Roads Unnatural 道路 不是天然的 Negatively Affect Region s Ecology 对地域生态有负面的影响 1 weeds unwanted grow aggressively 杂草 不该有的 疯狂生长 outcompete flowers and crops use resources 淘汰了 花和庄稼 占用资源 picked up by cars 被汽车携带 drivers go other places seeds fall off 司机驾车去其他地方 种子掉落 2 animal movement 动物的活动 movement patterns migrate breeding grounds food 活动模式 迁移 繁殖地 食物 pronghorn doesn t cross roads can t get food or migrate 叉角羚 不过马路 找不到食物或者不能迁移 snakes frogs porcupines killed crossing roads 蛇 青蛙 豪猪 过马路时被杀死 WORD REMINDER ecology k l d i 生态 学 自然环境 outcompete a tk m pit 在竞争中占优势 unwittingly n w t li 不知情地 不知不觉地 road corridor 干道 subsequently s bs kw ntli 随后 serve as 作为 pronghorn pra h rn 叉角羚 be reluctant to 不愿意做 starvation st r ve n 饥饿 SAMPLE RESPONSE 01 18 In the lecture the professor provides two types of ways in which roads can have a negative effect on a region s ecology The first way is by spreading weed seeds Weeds are plants that people dislike because they compete with flowers and crops for resources The professor says that vehicles pick up weed seeds along roads Then when a person drives the seeds fall off in different places So the weeds grow in places they don t belong The second way is by forming barriers to the movements of animals The professor mentions the pronghorn According to her it doesn t like to cross roads So this can keep the pronghorn from migrating and getting to food The professor also says that animals like snakes frogs and porcupines can get hit by cars when they cross roads so they often are killed In this way the professor describes how roads can harm a region s ecology WORD REMINDER compete k m pit 竞争 TIPS for SUCCESS Task 3 阅读 Task3的阅读文章内容一般为学校的公告通知或学生的提议 从结构上看 文章一开始就会介绍公告的主 要内容 之后是具体的细节 对于这些细节 考生不需要另外做笔记 只把它预想为听力内容的线索就可 以 INDEPENDENT TASK In Country Development Types of Jobs INTEGRATED TASK Dormitory Quiet Policy Psychology Assimilation Choosing a School Biology Loon Feathers 02 A C T U A L TEST Question What kind of development would you like to see in your country 你希望你的国 家实现怎样的发展呢 02 01 WARMING UP 听问题 将脑海里浮现的选项标出来 sports facilitieshousing museumsports better roadsmanufacturing industries public transportationrecreational facilities high tech industriesairports traditional cultureschools NOTE TAKING museums teach about past 博物馆使我们了解过去 preserve display relics learn history 保存并展示文物 学习历史 not enough local museums 当地博物馆数量不够多 hometown has one focus on city 家乡 有一个 聚焦城市 big cities lack ignorant of city history 大城市缺乏 不了解城市的历史 SAMPLE RESPONSE 02 02 I would love to see the development of more museums in my country I have two reasons for having this opinion First museums do an outstanding job of teaching people about the past To be specific museums preserve and display relics from the past When people go to museums to look at the relics they learn about history and why the relics are important Secondly I don t think that my country has enough local museums To illustrate my hometown has a small museum that focuses on my city s history But too many big cities here lack this kind of museum so people are ignorant about their cities pasts For these two reasons I would love to see more museums built in my country WORD REMINDER outstanding a t st nd 优秀的 显著的 preserve pr z rv 保存 relic rel k 文物 古董 ignorant gn r nt 不知道的 无知的 INDEPENDENT TASK In Country Development Test 02 27 28 Question Which would you prefer a high paying job or a satisfying job Give specific reasons and examples to support your opinion 你更偏爱哪种工作呢 高薪的还是自己喜欢的 请 具体说明理由并举例支持你的观点 02 03 NOTE TAKING HIGH PAYING JOB need money to survive 需要钱来维持生活 can pay for trips abroad 可以去海外旅行 SATISFYING JOB 40hr workweek don t want stress or boredom 每周工作40个小时 不想有压力或感到无聊 live at home no rent or utility bills 住在家里 没有房租和其他杂项开销 SAMPLE RESPONSE 1 HIGH PAYING JOB 02 04 I prefer a high paying job to a satisfying job I have two reasons for having this opinion First money is very important I need to make money to survive To be specific I need money to pay for housing food transportation health care and other costs So a high paying job can provide me with money to pay for the necessities of life Secondly a high paying job can give me money to travel To illustrate my uncle is a banker He earns a big salary So he can afford to take trips abroad to places in Europe and Asia I want to do that too For these two reasons I prefer a high paying job to a satisfying job SAMPLE RESPONSE 2 SATISFYING JOB 02 05 I prefer a satisfying job to a high paying job I have two reasons for having this opinion First you go to your job almost every day To be specific most jobs require at least forty hours of work a week I want those hours to be satisfying If they are stressful or boring they will have a negative impact on my life Secondly I don t need a lot of money right now To illustrate I still live with my parents so I don t have to pay rent or utilities My cost of living is very low since I don t have any major expenses For these two reasons having a satisfying job is more important than having a high paying job WORD REMINDER health care 健康保险 医疗保险 utility ju t l ti 公共设施 cost of living 生活成本 TIPS for SUCCESS 信号词 答题的时候 为了让句子连贯 要尽可能使用first of all next therefore 等连接词或信号词 因为考官假如 有一秒钟晃神 就很可能抓不到你的思路 所以用 The second reason is that 这样的结构引出陈述 思路就会很清晰 考官也比较轻松 INDEPENDENT TASK Types of Jobs RELATED TOPICS for Independent Tasks Task 1 1 What factor is important to maintaining a modern society 维持现代社会运转的重要因素是 什么 need educated people 需要受过教育的人 become doctors engineers etc 成为医生 工程师等 ed society advanced society 受教育的社会 先进的社会 easier to solve problems 更容易解决问题 2 What aspect of your hometown makes you proud 故乡的哪一点让你感到自豪 many old buildings 100s of years old 很多古老的建筑 100年的历史 tourists visit 游客参观 remember past culture 记住过去的文化 don t forget country s history 不忘记国家的历史 Task 2 3 Which would you prefer a job that rewards success with money or a job that rewards success with more authority 你喜欢工资高的工作还是权力大的工作 MoneyMore Authority work hard more 努力工作 更多的钱 higher salary retire sooner 高工资 早退休 want to be co pres one day 希望将来可以当董事长 more power improve mgnt skills 权力大 提高管理能力 4 Which would you prefer to work at a large company or a small one 你喜欢在大企业工作 还是在小企业工作 Large CompanySmall Company more chances for promotion 有更多升职机会 many offices can transfer 很多部门 可以换岗位 be closer to coworkers 和同事更亲密 fewer workers more responsibility 职员少 责任大 Test 02 29 30 Reading Listening READING New Dormitory Quiet Policy Starting next Sunday February 10 all dormitories on ca