人教版必修五Unit 5 first aid language points学案.docx

unit 5 first aid language points学案重点单词讲解：1. aid n. & vt.帮助；援助；资助with the aid of 在的帮助下，在援助下observe the moon with the aid of a telescope通过望远镜观察月球 in aid of 用以援助;作为援助之用 ,作为对的帮助例：what is the money in aid of? 这钱用来做什么的？they gave a show in aid of charity。他们为筹善款举行了义演。he asked her what her crying was in aid of.他问她为什么哭。 give aid to 给予帮助give aid to developing countries 援助发展中的国家first-aid the wounded 救护伤员 rich countries should more developing countries. 富有的国家应对开发中的国家多予援助。first aid 急救；急救护理 , 救护站aid in vt. 帮助；帮助（在.给予帮助）i aid him the matter. 我在这事上助他。 first aid（对伤患者的）急救2. temporary adj.时暂时的；临时的temporary storage 暂时存储器；暂时库容；中间存储器temporary work 临时工作；临时工程temporary shelter 临时避难所；临时收容中心；临时安置所；临时庇护站 temporary construction 临时建筑工程；临时结构，临时构筑物temporary job 临时性工作3. fall ill 生病4. injury n.损伤；伤害brain injury 医脑损伤personal injury 人身伤害 serious injury 重伤；严重损害 head injury 头部伤害 bodily injury 身体伤害 industrial injury 工伤；工业损伤 back injury 背部损伤 injury time （足球比赛中）伤停补时 cold injury 冻伤 skin injury 皮肤损伤 human injury 人身事故5. skin n.皮；皮肤skin care 护肤品；皮肤护理 dry skin 干性皮肤 skin color 肤色 under the skin 在内心，心里 sensitive skin 敏感性皮肤 skin cancer 皮肤癌 in ones skin 裸体 skin disease 皮肤病 oily skin 油性皮肤；油性肌肤 skin graft 植皮手术，皮肤移植术；移植的皮肤 skin temperature 皮肤温度；外壳温度6. essential adj.最重要的；不可缺少的；本质的 essential condition 必要条件 essential element 必需元素 7. organ :n n.器官, 机构,机关;风琴,口琴administrative organ 行政机关；管理机构 organ transplantation 器官移植 sense organ 感觉器官 8. barrier n.屏障；障碍（物）language barrier n. 语言障碍,trade barrier 贸易壁垒 a barrier to progress 进步的障碍。9. vital adj.至关重要的；生死攸关的教材原句p35：if the injuries are second or third degree burns, it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once.如果是二度或者三度烧伤, 至关重要的是把伤者立刻送去看医生或送往医院。(1)be vital for/to sth.对极重要的(2)在it is vital that句型中, that从句的谓语常用虚拟语气，即(should)动词原形。10. treat vt.& vi.治疗；对待；款待；n.款待；招待(1)(2)its my treat.我请客。(2010重庆卷)now i try to treat everyone with respect, no matter who i think they are.我认为, 不管他们是谁，现在我尽量尊重每一个人。the way (that/in which) the guests are treated in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the service.招待客人的方式会影响到他们对饭店服务的评价。lets go out for dinnermy treat this time.咱们出去吃饭吧！这次我请客。11. poison pizn n.毒药；毒害 vt.毒害；使中毒poison pen写恶意匿名信的人 deadly poison n. 致命毒药 poison gas 毒气；（尤指用于化学战争中的）毒瓦斯 rat poison 杀鼠剂，老鼠药；鼠毒 poison pill 毒药丸（比喻公司为避免被对方兼并而向对方索取极高代价的阻挠措施） food poison 食物中毒 blood poison 血毒12. complex kmpleks adj.复杂的complex system 复杂系统 complex structure 复合结构；复结构；复数结构 complex sentence 语复合句；复杂句 13. variety vraiti n.变化；多样（化）；多变（性）variety of 各种各样的 product variety 货品种类，产品种类；产品多样化；积簇 a great variety of 各种各样的；大量的 variety show 综艺节目；杂耍表演 variety store 杂货店14. nerve n:v n.神经；胆量；vt. 鼓起勇气nervous n:vs adj. 神经的；紧张不安的； dont be nervousnerve oneself 鼓起勇气；振作15. squeeze skwi:z vt. & vi.榨；挤；压榨 squeeze out 挤出；榨出；排出 credit squeeze 贷款紧缩，银根紧缩 squeeze in 榨出，挤出；挤进去 squeeze into 挤入；硬塞进 put the squeeze on 对施加压力 tight squeeze n. 处境困难；极度拥挤；狭道 squeeze through 挤过；勉强通过 squeeze head 压头；压板16. firm adj.（动作）稳定有力的；坚定的law firm 法律事务所 consulting firm 咨询公司 accounting firm 会计事务所，会计师事务所 stand firm 挺立；站稳立场 firm foundation 坚实的基础 17. ceremony n.典礼；仪式；礼节opening ceremony 开学典礼；开幕式；开幕仪式；开幕典礼 wedding ceremony n. 结婚典礼 signing ceremony 签字仪式；签约仪式 closing ceremony 闭幕典礼 graduation ceremony n. 毕业典礼 the award ceremony will start soon .颁奖仪式很快就要开始了。18. stab vt. & vi.刺；戳；刺伤，stabbed 过去分词stabbed 现在分词stabbing vt. 1.刺，叉：he stabbed a piece of beef from the plate.他从盘子里叉起一块牛肉。though stabbed, he still seized the robber.虽然被刺伤了，他还是抓到了那个盗贼。2.刺穿，洞穿；刺入： he stabbed a knife into the mans chest.他用刀刺入了那个人的胸膛。3.(在感情上)刺伤，刺痛： your action stabbed me.你的行为令我很痛心。4.戳，扎： he stabbed me on the forehead with his finger.他用手指戳我的前额。5.直入，直破： the plane stabbed the clouds into the sky.飞机穿透云层飞入高空。19. treat vt. & vi.治疗；对待；款待 n.款待；招待treat with 处理；应付 treat of 论及，涉及；探讨，论述 treat as 对待；把看作 trick or treat 不招待就使坏（指万圣节孩子们挨家逐户要糖果等礼物，如不遂愿便恶作剧一番的风俗） dutch treat 各付己帐；各自付帐的聚餐或娱乐活动 20. apply vt.涂；敷；搽；应用；运用 vi.申请；请求；使用；有效apply for a job 求职；申请工作 apply now 立即应用；马上申请；在线申请 apply for a raise申请提升to apply pressure to open the door运用压力开门to apply ones knowledge to a problem把知识应用于解决问题to apply oneself to ones work致力于自己的工作to apply ones mind to the problem专心致志考虑如何解决问题21. pressure pre n.压力；挤压；压迫（感）press pres vt. 压；按；逼迫；紧抱vi. 压；逼；重压n. 压；按；新闻；出版社；印刷 印刷机press the button 按钮；按键 press down 压 press any key 按任意键 printing press 印刷机 in the press 正在印刷；即将出版 oxford university press 牛津大学出版社 freedom of the press 新闻自由；出版自由 associated press 美联社 press conference 记者招待会，新闻发布会 under pressure 面临压力，在压力之下；受到压力 high pressure 高压，高气压；高度紧张 blood pressure n. 血压 low pressure 低气压；松懈 pressure drop 压力下降，压强下降重点短语：1. first aid急救2. perform/ carry out first aid on sb. 对某人实施急救3. electric shock触电；电休克4. over and over again反复；多次5. a number of若干；许多6. carry out进行，开展7. fall ill生病8. squeeze out榨出；挤出9. in place在适当的位置；适当10. put ones hands on找到11. make a difference有影响，产生差别12. take off脱下，起飞13.get injured / infected / burned 受伤 / 感染 / 烧伤14.save ones life 挽救某人的生命15. sense of touch 触觉16. present sth. to sb. 赠予/ 给予某人某物17. a piece of jeweler 一件珠宝18. cause / do damage to. 使受到危害/ 损害19. stick sth. to 贴在.上重点短语详解： in place在适当的位置；适当all the arrangements are now in place for their visit.他们来访的一切都安排就绪了。out of place不适当的in ones place处在某人的位置上take the place of sb.take ones place代替某人的位置dont take anything away. father likes everything to be in place.不要拿走任何东西，父亲喜欢所有的东西都井井有条。being poor, he felt completely out of place among those rich people.他出生贫寒，处在富人圈中让他感到很不适宜。if i had been in your place, i might have accepted the invitation.我要是处在你的位置，我可能接受了这份邀请。 make a difference区别对待；有影响；起(重要)作用教材原句p38：it shows that a knowledge of first aid can make a real difference.这说明了急救知识的确能发挥重要的作用。(1)make no difference (to sb./sth.)对某人/物没有作用或影响，对某人/物不重要make some difference (to sb./sth.)对某人/物有些作用或影响(2)tell the difference 分辨，区分，区别it isnt what you have done but what you will do that makes a difference.重要的不是你做了什么而是你将要做什么。(牛津p553)your age shouldnt make any difference to whether you get the job or not.你能否得到这个工作与年龄无关。believe it or not, it makes no difference to me what you say.信不信由你，你说什么对我没关系。重点句子讲解：1. remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.除非衣服紧贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。名师指津：unless引导条件状语从句。例句仿写：要是没有充分准备的话，户外运动有时会意味着受伤。unless one is fully prepared, outdoor sports can sometimes mean injuries.2. john was studying in his room when he heard screaming.约翰正在房间里学习，这时他听到一声尖叫。名师指津：be doing.when.正在做这时。例句仿写： 我刚走出浴室，正忙着用毛巾擦干身体，这时我听到了脚步声。i had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel when i heard he steps.3. it was johns quick action and knowledge of first aid that saved ms slades life.正是约翰的快速反应和急救知识救了斯莱德女士的命。名师指津：it was.that.为强调句型。例句仿写：我现在工作的地方正是我父亲曾经工作的地方。it is where my father used to work that i am working now.4. there is no doubt that johns quick thinking and the first aid skills he learned at school saved ms slades life.毫无疑问，是约翰敏捷的思维和在学校所学的急救技术，使得斯莱德女士得救了。名师指津：theres no doubt that.毫无疑问。例句仿写：毋庸置疑，全球变暖对我们所有人的安全都是一个威胁。there is no doubt that global warming is a security threat to us all.1. (2018山东临沂一模)on completing the courses, the teacher will have earned the qualification to _a teaching license in thailand.a. apply forb. take overc. turn away d. work out解析：句意为：完成课程，老师就将有资格在泰国申请教学资格证了。apply for申请；take over接管；turn away拒绝；work out制定出，计算出。根据语意应该选a项。答案：a2. (2018浙大附中高三质检)millions of people are still homeless. besides, there isnt the most basic _from the red cross.a. medicineb. equipmentc. aidd. material解析：句意为：数百万人仍然无家可归, 此外, 连来自红十字会的最基本的救助都没有。aid帮助, 援助, 符合句意。medicine医药, 医学；equipment设备；material材料。答案：c3. (2018厦门质检)with housing prices rising sharply, buying an apartment is _for young couples.a. out of controlb. out of sightc. out of reachd. out of place解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意为：随着房价的急剧上涨，对于年轻夫妻而言买房已遥不可及。out of reach遥不可及的，符合句意。out of control无法管理，失去控制；out of sight看不见；out of place位置不当，不得体。答案：c4. (2018南开中学综合训练)it is fashionable to drive a car, but it can in turn cause a lot of traffic problems when you dont _the specialized rules.a. give inb. stick toc. put awayd. give out解析：考查动词短语辨析。stick to坚持，遵守；give in屈服，让步；put away收起来；give out发出，精疲力竭。根据句意“不遵守交通规则，就会带来很多交通问题”，可知答案为b项。答案：b5. (2018安徽卷)interest is as _to learning as the ability to understand, even more so.a. vital b. availablec. specificd. similar解析：考查形容词词义辨析。vital意为“极重要的”。句意为：兴趣对学习来说和理解能力一样重要，甚至更重要。答案：a基础演练一、单词拼写1. when you find someone hurt, you should perform first a_ as soon as possible.2. he s_ the tube hard and the last bit of toothpaste came out.3. he got an e_ shock when pushing the button.4. the injured person lay on the ground, b_ heavily.5. it is neither cold nor hot. it is m_.6. the heart is one of the bodys _(至关重要的)organs.7. many students find _(临时的)jobs during their summer holidays.8. i fell down from my bike and made my ankle _(肿胀的). 9. dont let the violent books and films _(毒害) our young students.10. please _ (倒) me another cup of tea.答案：1.d6.vital7.temporary8.swollen9.poison10.pour二、选词填空a variety of, for a moment, squeeze out, in place, over and over again, fall ill, stick to, sit up1. you should _ some time to visit your old friends.2. a man failed _ in his life and thats why he succeeded at last.3. the sudden change in weather often causes people to _.4. a miniskirt is not _ for a job interview.5. she hesitated _, and then answered the phone.6. we dont allow the children _ late.7. once a decision has been made, all of us should _ it.8. supermarkets now offer _ goods to satisfy different needs and tastes.答案：1.squeeze out2.over and over again3.fall ill4.in place5.for a moment6.to sit up7.stick to8.a variety of巩固提高一、单项选择1. first _ is a temporary form of help _ to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found.a. favor; to give b. benefit; givingc. aid; given d. help; give2. your skin can _ your body losing too much water.a. keep b. prevent c. protect d. be stopped3. so _ you can imagine, if your skin gets burned it can be very serious.a. as b. it c. that d. which4. it is best _ burns under gently _ water for about 10 minutes.a. place; run b. placed; ran c. placing; running d. to place; running5. i have told you _ but you still make the same mistake.a. over and over again b. again and againc. time and time again d. all of the above6. the man got _ in the mire (泥潭), and started falling.a. stick b. sticking c. stuck d. struck7. hold the bandage _ with tape.a. in place b. in the place c. out of place d. out of the place8. if burns are on arms or legs, keep them higher than the heart, _.a. if it possible b. if possiblec. if you are possible d. if is possible9. sam _ a kettle full of boiling water onto his legs.a. got over b. knocked outc. took over d. knocked over10. while _ clothes, miss good accidentally touched the iron.a. ironing b. iron c. ironed d. to iron答案：1.c 2. b 3. a4. d6. c7. a8. b9. d10. a二、佳句翻译与仿写1. the functions of your skin are also very complex: it keeps you warm or cool；.翻译:_仿写：闭上眼睛，我让你睁开时再睁开。_2. so as you can imagine, if your skin gets burned it can be very serious.翻译：_仿写：我的汽车在周末被偷了。_3. burns are called first, second or third degree burns, depending on which layers of the skin are burned.翻译：_仿写：这些动物的饮食随季节的不同而不同。_4. remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn.翻译：_仿写：(1)仔细检查你的答案，必要的话，可以做些修改。_(2)如果天气没有好转我就呆在家里。_答案：1. 皮肤的功能十分复杂：它可以保暖或御寒；keep your eyes closed until i tell you to open them.2. 因此，你可以想象的到，如果你的皮肤烧伤了就可能非常严重。my car got stolen at the weekend.3. 根据皮肤烧伤的层次烧伤分为一度烧伤，二度烧伤和三度烧伤。the diet of these animals will be different depending on the season.4. 除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上，否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话，可以使用剪刀。(1)check your answers carefully and make some changes if necessary.(2)ill stay at home unless the weather gets better.一、词义辨析1. 用injure, injury, hurt, wound或harm的适当形式填空。(1) dont _ your eyes by reading in dim light.(2) the _ he got in the accident was not serious.(3) the bullet _ him in the shoulder.(4) you really _ me when you said i was selfish.(5) he was badly _ in the crash.(6) the _ in the soldiers leg is very serious.(7) he fell off his bike yesterday and now his left leg still _.(8) too much drinking will do you great _.答案：(1)harm(2)injury(3)wounded(4)hurt (5)injured(6)wound(7)hurts(8)harm2. 用damage, destroy或ruin的适当形式填空。(1) the building was completely _ by fire.(2) they managed to repair the house that had been _.(3) he knocked over a bottle of ink and _ the table cloth.(4)all my hopes were _ by his letter of refusal.答案： (1)destroyed(2)damaged(3)ruined(4)destroyed二、