人教版必修三Unit 2 Healthy eating learning about language课时作业（3）.docx

unit 2 healthy eating learning about language课时作业第一节 阅读理解（共12小题；每小题2分，满分24分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a、b、c和d项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。apeople from east asia tend to have more difficulty than those from europe in distinguishing facial expressions and a new report published online in current biology explains why.rachael jack, university of glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly(均匀的) across a face as westerners do, easterners fix their attention on the eyes.“we show that easterners and westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions,” jack said. “westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas easterners favor the eyes and neglect (忽略) the mouth.”according to jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed. as a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion in cross-cultural situations.the researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 western caucasian and 13 east asian people while they observed pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral. they compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies.it turned out that easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than westerners did. “the cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions,” jack said. “our data suggest that whereas westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, easterners use the eyes more and mouth less.”in short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion. from here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion. otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, easterners and westerners will find themselves lost in translation.1. the discovery shows that westerners .a. pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouthb. consider facial expressions universally reliablec. observe the eyes and the mouth in different waysd. have more difficulty in recognizing facial expressions2. what were the people asked to do in the study?a. to make a face at each other.b. to get their faces impressive.c. to classify some face pictures.d. to observe the researchers faces.3. what does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 6 refer to?a. the participants in the study.b. the researchers of the study.c. the errors made during the study.d. the data collected from the study.4. in comparison with westerners, easterners are likely to .a. do translation more successfullyb. study the mouth more frequentlyc. examine the eyes more attentivelyd. read facial expressions more correctly【答案】1. a 2. c 3. a 4. c【解析】本文叙述了经过研究发现东方人与西方人看不同的面貌特征看面部表情是不同的，而西方人用全脸来表达情感,东方人多用的眼睛来表达情感和嘴使用更少。简而言之,这个数据表明,面部表情并不普遍的人类情感的信号。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas easterners favor the eyes and neglect (忽略) the mouth.”可知，这一发现表明西方人对眼睛和嘴巴的重视程度是一样的。故选a。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据they compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies.可知，在研究中，人们被要求对一些脸部照片进行分类。故选c。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据上下文可知指的是参与者，可知，“they”指代的是研究参与者。故选a。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据easterners use the eyes more可知，与西方人相比，东方人可能更注意观察眼睛。故选 c。bhe may not have an s across his chest but this dog is most certainly a hero.harley, who was rescued from a puppy mill four years ago, was named the american humane associations 2015 american hero dog. harley, who is missing an eye and has other medical issues from his time at the mill, is now a spokes-dog against puppy mills. he serves as the adorable furry face of the harley to the rescue campaign, which raises funds for the national dog mill rescue, according to a press release.the pup was rescued back in 2011 and adopted by rudi and her husband, dan. it was just four years ago that he was pulled from the cage in the puppy mill and left to die, harleys owner, rudi, said during the awards show at the beverly hilton hotel in los angeles this past weekend, according to today. com. we never would have ever thought he would live this long and make such a difference for so many puppies.the dog was one of eight finalists up for the american hero dog and was chosen as the winner through public votes. the finalists all won $ 1,500 to be donated to one of american humane associations charity partners, with harley receiving another $ 5 ,000 to go toward his charity partner, new leash on life.according to the release, harley spent 10 years at the puppy mill, and endured rough treatment there, which led to his many medical issues. he lost his eye as a result of his cage being power-washed with him inside.the dog isnt just the face of his campaign, he also goes on rescue missions and makes public appearances at events and schools to raise awareness for puppy mills.this incredible work is all due to the dogs fighting spirit. that spirit is allowing him now to be the voice for dogs who cannot speak for themselves and give everybody hope that tomorrows going to be a better day.5. how did the harley to the rescue campaign function?a. by saving dogs from a puppy mill.b. by operating the american humane association.c. by collecting money for the national dog mill rescue.d. by giving endangered dogs-enough medical treatment.6. what was the authors attitude to the puppy mill according to the text?a. unsatisfied. b. sympathetic.c. doubtful. d. tolerant.7. why was harley blind in one eye?a. she was born with it. b. her owner treated her roughly.c. it was caused by a medical issue. d. she was washed heavily in a cage.8. what can we know about the dog from the text?a. it would be given to new leash on life.b. it was kept by rudis family.c. it would be taken away by its puppy mill.d. it returned to the national dog mill rescue.【答案】5. c 6. a 7. d 8. b【解析】试题分析: 本文讲述harley是一只被从繁殖场里救出来的小狗，被收养，号召人们关爱动物，让人们相信明天会更好。【5题详解】c 考查细节理解题。根据第一段提到he serves as the adorable furry face of the“harley to the rescuecampaign, which raises funds for the national dog mill rescue, according to a press release这是为the national dog mill rescue筹集资金，故选c项。【6题详解】a 考查推理判断题。根据倒数第三段提到according to the release, harley spent 10 years at the puppy mill, and endured rough treatment there, which led to his many medical issues根据新闻说，harley十年时间在繁殖场里，容忍暴力的对待，导致许多疾病，故选a项。【7题详解】d 考查细节理解题。根据倒数第三段提到he lost his eye as a result of his cage being power-washed with him inside他失去一只眼是因为在笼子里被强力的冲洗所导致，故选d项。【8题详解】b 考查推理判断题。根据第二段提到the pup was rescued back in 2011 and adopted by rudi and her husband, dan. it was just four years ago that he was pulled from the cage in the puppy mill and left to die, harleys owner, rudi可知这只小狗由rudi一家抚养，故选 b项。考点：日常生活类阅读。clike people, plants experience stress. and also, like people, the response to that stress can determine success.bad environmental conditions, such as drought, flood, heat and other stresses, affect yields (产量) more than crop pests and diseases. we are trying to find a way to equip plants with the ability to tolerate environmental stress and maintain high yields, said stephen howell, a professor of genetics and cell biology.plant cells produce proteins (蛋白质) and ship them to different parts of the cell. under normal conditions, these proteins are folded into their normal, healthy structures as they are produced. when a plant is under stress, its cells produce poorly folded or unfolded proteins. then a built-in system senses this and “sets off an alarm in the cell,” said howell.in response to the alarm, another protein (ire1) starts working and creates a different process which activates (激活) the stress response genes whose products bring about defensive measures that help the plant survive.“as it turns out, responses that are activated under stress conditions actually inhibit the growth of plants,” said howell. “this allows them to preserve their energy to survive the stress conditions.”for plants in the wild, this response is a help for survival, he said. in production of agriculture crops, however, this response reduces yields.“you dont want crop plants to stop growing,” howell said. “you want them to continue to grow and produce even though they are under stress.”with the new understanding of this stress response, the next step may be to silence the alarm system, said howell. “what may be important is to disable some of these stress responses. that may make the plant more productive under stress conditions.”9. according to the text, what causes an alarm in the plant cells?a. the folded proteins. b. the changed proteins.c. the defensive measures. d. the stress response genes.10. what does the energy preserved in the plants under stress conditions do?a. it helps the plants to survive. b. it helps to maintain high yields.c. it keeps the plants growing. d. it helps to produce proteins.11. which word is closest to the meaning of the underlined word “inhibit” in paragraph 5?a. prevent. b. start.c. continue. d. promote.12. how does howell intend to make