AppendixIIIGrammarglossary.doc

Unit 2 The universal language第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。21. On _ way to his farm, Mr Barnes met with the little deer which at _ first sight appeared aggressive to him. A. the; the B. 不填; the C. 不填; a D. the; 不填 22. Andy _ play a joke on the newcomer in case he becomes angry.A. dares not B. dares not to C. dare not D. dare not to23. The students demanded that the library _ open during the holiday so that they could go there anytime they wanted to. A. be kept B. was keptC. was to be kept D. had been kept24. Just imagine this little girl _ the car to save her father before the police and doctors came to help.A. to lift B. lifting C. to be lifted D. being lifted25. Without challenges, how would you knowand realize the_ powerthat lives within you? A. traditional B. limitedC. awesome D. disturbing26. I fell in love with these wonderful pictures the moment I _ into the museum the other day. A. have stepped B. was stepping C. stepped D. had stepped 27. Having finished his crazy behaviour, the criminal quietly waited for the police _ running away.A. due to B. instead of C. apart from D. regardless of28. If we find a team member is unable to meet the _ to come up with a suitable plan, it sometimes means he may needs help.A. chance B. action C. theme D. deadline29. The freeway, _ with thick ice, was closed after the heavy snow in case traffic accidents happened.A. to cover B. covered C. covering D. having been covered30. _ is no wonder that Taylor is very tired; he has been working in the workshop all day.A. There B. It C. That D. What 31. Before you _ your child for making a mistake, ask yourself if you have set an example for him. A. abuse B. reformC. seize D. scold 32. _ I cant help admiring the mans courage, I do not approve of his methods.A. Although B. If C. Until D. Since33. President Xi requested all-out efforts to ensure the safety of the staff aboard the Xue Long, _ was trapped in heavy ice after rescuing Russian passengers in Antarctica. A. that B. whichC. who D. what 34. How do you like the new movie, Linda? It couldnt be _. I love it.A. worse B. worst C. better D. best35. Could you please go shopping with me this afternoon? _. But Im busy preparing for my sons birthday party. A. My pleasure B. Id love toC. Excuse me D. Thank you第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Do you hold yourself responsible for your actions? Or do you try to put the 36 on someone else? If youre always trying to find fault 37 yourself, then youre not taking responsibility for your own actions. Start making a plan to hold yourself responsible if something isnt 38 . Ask yourself what you could have done to make the situation work out in your 39 ? Continue to do so until you start seeing the 40 of what you do in your business.When you start taking responsibility for your actions you start to see a(n) 41 in how you process information. Youll find out what works best for you and what does not work at all. You have the power to 42 when you start focusing on what you can do to make your business and life work for you. To be 43 , you have to keep a 44 attitude to all that you do, even in situations where you feel nothing has come from it. Always 45 the good in what you do. So what though it doesnt work out the first or 46 time? Its OK. You 47 find ten ways not to do something. 48 with the path to find out what will work and be enthusiastic about it. You will 49 more about what is best for you than anybody else.Dont think a lot about the negatives that you have experienced 50 you will only be wasting time trying to figure out why it 51 . You dont have 52 for that; you have to keep moving forward. The 53 time you spend wondering what should, could or would happen, the more the next big things would have passed you 54 . So hold yourself responsible for your actions. Only you can 55 the path you take in order to succeed in life and achieve your personal goals.36. A. blame B. pressure C. story D. focus37. A. with B. outside C. within D. against 38. A. turning out B. coming out C. checking out D. working out39. A. honour B. language C. favour D. heart40. A. purposes B. steps C. results D. degrees41. A. deed B. change C. drawback D. example42. A. mature B. differ C. decide D. succeed43. A. responsible B. happy C. famous D. helpful44. A. basic B. relaxed C. friendly D. positive45. A. ignore B. find C. absorb D. read46. A. second B. fifth C. eighth D. tenth47. A. indeed B. again C. just D. also48. A. Continue B. Agree C. Stay D. Travel 49. A. receive B. desire C. know D. prove50. A. while B. unless C. but D. as51. A. returned B. happened C. stopped D. lasted52. A. time B. money C. patience D. experience53. A. freer B. better C. more D. happier54. A. away B. over C. on D. by55. A. move B. cross C. build D. determine第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。AOkinawa is a small island in Japan. Some of the people who live there are the poorest people in the country. But they have the longest life-expectancy rate in the world. The average Okinawan woman lives to the age of 86, while the average Okinawan man lives to be 78. The island also has the highest ratio of centenarians (百岁老人) in the world. Okinawans remain healthy through their final days. Dementia (痴呆) and heart disease are almost nonexistent among these older Okinawans. In fact, compared to the United States, Okinawas death rate for heart disease is 80% lower. So what is the secret to the Okinawans health and longevity? Is it a healthy diet? Exercise? Stress reduction? Attention to spirituality? It isnt any one of these things, but a balanced combination of the four.The Okinawan diet consists mostly of vegetables and whole grains. Okinawans also eat a lot of fruit, soy products (豆制品), and fish rich in Omega-3 fatty acids. Most Okinawans drink at least six glasses of water and six cups of tea every day. The green tea that many of them drink is lower in caffeine than other teas and is rich in antioxidants (抗氧化剂), which are believed to help prevent heart disease.Okinawans continue to ride bicycles, dance, garden, walk, and fish well into their old age, which helps keep them looking and feeling healthy. They have relaxed schedules, which reduces their stress levels. And they pay attention to their spirituality and their inner selves through prayer and meditation (冥想). Each of these behaviors is an important piece of the Okinawan rule for health and longevity.There is evidence that it is their behavior, not genetics, that allows Okinawans to live longer than most of us. Okinawans living in Brazil and eating a typical Brazilian diet rich in red meat have a life expectancy 17 years lower than that of their countrymen in Okinawa. This means that there is hope for the rest of us to learn the habits that Okinawans have developed so we can live long, healthy lives too.56. What can we learn about Okinawans from the passage?A. They live a rich and happy life.B. Nobody suffers from heart disease.C. Theyre famous for their longevity.D. Men live longer than women on average.57. The green tea that many Okinawans drink _.A. is easy to find B. is rich in caffeineC. can prevent heart diseaseD. can make them stay young58. The example of Okinawans in Brazil suggests that _.A. only Okinawans can live longB. Okinawans are born to live longC. Okinawans in Brazil are very richD. healthy lifestyles lead to Okinawans longevity59. The main purpose of the passage is to _.A. uncover the secret to Okinawans longevityB. compare Okinawans in different placesC. encourage people to drink green teaD. call on people to visit OkinawaBBalloons were used for spying by both the Union and Confederate Armies during the Civil War. From the air, an observer and telegrapher (电报员) spied upon and reported the number and placement of troops. Many balloonists wanted to be named Chief Aeronaut for the Union Army. John Wise, Thaddeus Lowe, and John LaMountain offered their services to the Union Army. Thaddeus Lowe was selected for the job.Before his appointment, Thaddeus Lowe was planning an attempt to cross the Atlantic Ocean. During a test flight, he landed by accident in South Carolina. This was one week after the Battle of Fort Sumter. At first, people in the area thought Lowe was a spy. Eventually, he was allowed to return to Cincinnati. Afterwards, Lowe realized that the Confederate troop movements he observed from his balloon would be helpful to the Union Army.One of Lowes supporters contacted U.S. Treasury Secretary Salmon P. Chase. He set up a meeting between Lowe and President Lincoln. At the meeting, Lowe showed how observers could send telegrams from a balloon to officers below. Lincoln was impressed and appointed Thaddeus Lowe as Chief Aeronaut of the Army of the Potomac.On September 24, 1861, Lowe and his telegrapher climbed more than 1,000 feet from a position near Arlington, Virginia. While aloft, they sent information about Confederate troops to Union officers below. The troops were positioned more than three miles away at Falls Creek, Virginia. This incident convinced Secretary of War Simon Cameron of the value of using balloons. He authorized (授权) Lowe to build four more balloons of various sizes. In May 1862, Lowe observed the Battle of Fair Oaks from a balloon. His vital information narrowly prevented a Union defeat. Even so, many Union generals were not convinced of the value of the balloon air corps (空军). The generals believed it was too expensive to maintain. They also raised questions about how Lowe spent money allocated for the air corps. This resulted in Lowe resigning his position. The air corps was discontinued in 1863.60. Thaddeus Lowe was named Chief Aeronaut for the Union Army mainly because he _.A. was an excellent soldier in the armyB. performed excellently during the test flightsC. knew how to send telegrams from the balloonD. convinced the President of the use of balloons for spying61. What was Simon Camerons attitude towards using balloons for spying?A. Doubtful. B. Indifferent.C. Supportive. D. Concerned.62. Why did the balloon air corps discontinue in 1863?A. Because Lowe resigned his position.B. Because the air corps was useless for the army.C. Because there was no extra money to keep the air corps.D. Because many Union generals doubted the value of the air corps.63. What would be the best title for the passage?A. Balloonists fought for the position of Chief AeronautB. The Union Army succeeded during the Civil WarC. Union balloon air corps during the Civil WarD. Thaddeus Lowe and balloonsCBETHPAGE, N.Y. The Dec 5 (2013) broadcast, starring Carrie Underwood and Stephen Moyer, was a “real experiment.”It was the first day of camera blocking for a rehearsal (排练) of National Broadcasting Companys live broadcast of the original stage version of Rodgers and Hammersteins The Sound of Music. Inside a Long Island studio, a pop star, a group of kids and a well-known actor were rehearsing scenes on a copy of a grand estate (庄园) in Salzburg, Austria.As the youngsters ran through So Long, Farewell, a tune they would perform as the children of Captain von Trapp, True Blood star Stephen Moyer cast as their widower dad, running through lines with Carrie Underwood, who was playing Maria, the bright-eyed novitiate (见习修女) who became the childrens tutor and, eventually, the Captains wife. Around the corner, Broadway darling Audra McDonald, winner of five Tony Awards, performed as the Mother Abbess, Marias guardian (监护人). Fellow Tony winners Laura Benanti and Christian Borle the Captains charming companion, Elsa, and their buddy Max were just outside the studio.This The Sound of Music would mark the first time that a well-known Broadway musical had been performed live since a 1955 production of Peter Pan starring Mary Martin, who played Broadways original Maria. Another Rodgers and Hammersteins show, Cinderella, was written for the small screen, where it was performed live in 1957 starring the young Julie Andrews, who later played Maria in the screen adaptation of The Sound of Music.When choosing their cast, the producers were cautious about “using movie people who are used to performing take after take”. “Moyer has a musical theater background,” the producer Craig Zadan noted, “and Underwood has done a million live concerts.”Still, Zadan said, “There is a fear factor. There wont be auto-tuning here; if someone hits a bad note, youre going to hear it. Someone could make a mistake or forget lyrics (歌词). Were throwing them in front of a national audience, and anything may happen.”Moyer admitted, “Theres no way not to feel the pressure. Weve still got two weeks to go, and were in good shape we all know what were doing. But, that doesnt mean that things wont go wrong, because they will. If I make a mistake, so be it (顺其自然). Thats the challenge and the thrill of live theater.” 64. The “real experiment” in Paragraph 1 refers to _.A. the actors and actresses working with each other for the first timeB. the experiment in the Long Island studioC. performing the musical live in the theaterD. the updated adaptation of the original musical65. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Broadways original Marie was played by Julie Andrews.B. There were many famous stars in the live show.C. Stephen Moyer was inexperienced in musicals.D. Cinderella was another live performance produced by Craig Zadan.66. According to Zadan, his worries about the live show lie in the possibility of _ _.A. unexpected problems on stage B. audiences doubtful attitudesC. not preparing enough tickets D. actors and actresses lack of experience67. How does Stephen Moyer feel about the first performance?A. Nervous but optimistic. B. Satisfied but cautious. C. Relaxed but doubtful. D. Puzzled but enthusiastic.DIt would be inspiring to think that friends, family and workmates are truthful all the time. Sadly, human nature is not like that, but you can increase the chance of straight answers by asking questions in the morning. A study found that it is easier for people to lie in the afternoon as self-control which normally stops them cheating breaks down as they get tired. Researchers added that the more usually honest someone is, the more likely they are to get involved in the morning morality effect. The conclusion came from experiments at Harvard University in Massachusetts, US. In one, a group of young men and women were shown a pattern of dots on a computer and asked to say if there were more on the right or left of the screen. In some cases, it was hard to tell but in others the answer was clear. The volunteers were given cash for every round they played. However, the payments were not given for answering correctly. Instead, the participants were given ten times as much for choosing the right side of the screen rather than the left, which encouraged lies. So those who played the game in the afternoon were more likely to say the dots were on the right when they were clearly on the left, according to the journal Psychological Science. A second experiment tested if respondents were more aware of ethics (道德规范) in the morning than in the afternoon. Men and women were given words with missing letters and asked to complete them. Those taking part in the morning were more likely to seeE _ _ _ C _ _and _ _ RAL and think of the words “ethical” and “moral”. But those doing the test in the afternoon tended to form the words “effects” and “coral”.Two further experimentsconfirmed that people become more flexible (灵活的) with the truth as the day goes on.The study also showed that those who pride themselves on being honest are much easier to be affected. It was thought that tiredness makes it harder for them to exercise self-control which is needed to resist the desire to cheat. In contrast, those who lie with ease have less self-control to begin with and so are less affected by the pressure of everyday life.The researchers said, “We find that people can be easily affected by a gradual self-regulatory process as a result of ordinary daily activities. This influence can, in turn, lead them to act in ethically questionable ways. Unfortunately, it might be that the most honest people ar