牛津版 选修六 Unit 2 What is happiness to you Grammar课件（32张PPT）.ppt

unit2whatishappinesstoyou 非谓语动词经常作状语 动词不定式常用作目的状语 动词 ing或动词 ed则常用作原因 时间 方式 条件等状语 todofirstaidcorrectly youhavetostudywithateacher inordernottowasteelectricity weturnedthelightoff checkyourcompositioncarefullysoastoavoidmistakes 1 我们用动词不定式表示目的 有三种形式 可互换 todo inordertodo soastodo 不用于句首 1 didthebookgivetheinformationyouneeded yes but it ihadtoreadtheentirebook tofindb findc tobefindingd finding2 thiscake you llneed2eggs 175gsugarand175gflour a havingmadeb makec tomaked making 3allthesegiftsmustbemailedimmediately intimeforchristmas inordertohavereceivedb inordertoreceivec soastobereceivedd soastobereceiving 析 soasto 不能放句首 to inorderto作目的状语可以放在句首或句中 4hehurriedtothestationonly thatthetrainhadgone a tofindb findingc foundd tohavefound 补充1 在so asto such asto onlyto 结构中不定式作结果状语 其中常用onlytodo 来表示末曾预料到或令人不快的情况 其动作发生在谓语动作之后 5ifeelgreatlyhonored intotheirsociety a towelcomeb welcomingc tobewelcomedd welcomed 补充2 不定式常放在表示情绪反应的形容词后作原因状语 如 happy sorry glad sad surprised disappointed 不定式不放在句首 补充3 不定式常与too或enough连用 在句中作状语 例如 theboyisn toldenoughtogotoschool theboyistooyoungtogotoschool 2我们可以用动词 ing或动词 ed作状语 动词 ing或动词 ed可用来表示缘由或起因 beingastudent imustworkhard notknowingwhattodonext heturnedtotheteacherforhelp followedbyastranger shefeltfrightened interestedinchineseculture tonycametochinalastyear 1 不知道他的地址 我们没法与他取得联系 wecouldn tgetintouchwithhim 2 在这个学校已经学习一年了 我非常了解这个学校 iamfamiliarwithit notknowinghisaddress havingstudiedinthisschoolforoneyear 3 深深地被这个故事感动 激动的人们停止了争吵 theexcitedpeoplestoppedquarrellingwitheachother 4 受到这人演讲的鼓舞 这个年轻人下决心要更努力工作 theyoungpeoplemadeuptheirmindstoworkharder deeplymovedbythestory encouragedbythespeech workinginthefactory hewasanadvancedworker walkingontheroadsinthecountryside icanseeavarietyofwildflowers seenfromthehill theparklooksmorebeautiful askedwhenhewouldarrive hesaiditwasuncertain 动词 ing或动词 ed可用来表示时间 1 当听到这个消息的时候 他们都高兴的跳了起来 theyalljumpedwithjoy 2 看到这些图片 我们都情不自禁的想起在北京的那些日子 wecouldn thelpthinkingofthosedaysinbeijing 3 when help oneoftensays thankyou or it skindofyou a offeringb toofferc tobeofferedd offered hearingthenews seeingthosepictures arrivingattheairport hestartedlookingforthetourguide 我们也可以用动词 ing形式表示一个动作先发生 而主句动作则紧随其后 gettingbackfromwork shebegantocook americansliketravelling drivingtheircars theyoftencommunicatewitheachother usingenglish theoldmanwentintotheroom supportedbyhiswife 动词 ing或动词 ed可用来表示方式 1 他坐在桌子旁读书 heisreading 2 我和父亲坐在桌子旁边讨论着我的工作问题 myfatherandiweretalkingaboutmyjob sittingatthetable seatedatthetable workinghard youwillsucceedoneday puttingmoresaltintothesoup youwillfinditmoredelicious givenmoretime wecouldhavedoneitmuchbetter comparedwithotherprofessors shewasanexcellentspeaker 1 在英语方面努力点 你就会取得更大的进步的 youwillmakegreaterprogress 2 向左转 你就会发现我们通向我们学校的那条小路 youwillfindthepathleadingtoourschool 3 水如果被加热 会变成水蒸气 waterchangesintosteam workinghardatenglish turningtotheleft if heated 3我们可以将动词 ing或动词 ed用在连词 when while once 一旦 if unless though although 等后面 分别表示时间 条件或让步 whenwaitingforthebus hesawanoldfriend whilereadingthenovel henoddedfromtimetotime onceseen itwillneverbeforgotten unlessinvitedtospeak youshouldremainsilentattheconference thoughfeelingtired hekeepsonrunning havingmadeourplan wewillputitintopractice havingbeenattackedbyterrorists thetallbuildingcollapsed 4我们可以用having 动词 ed或havingbeen 动词 ed的形式来表示主动完成任务或被动完成之意 1 inthequeueforhalfanhour theoldmansuddenlyrealizedbehadleftthechequeinthecar waitingb towaitc havingwaitedd tohavewaited2 buthestillcouldn tunderstandthelogicalconnectionofthetwosubjects havingtoldmanytimesb havingbeentoldmanytimesc hewastoldmanytimesd manytimesashewastold 分词短语作状语时 其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致 当分词的逻辑主语与主句的主语不同时 分词前必须加上自己的主语 此结构被称为独立主格结构 如 nobodytocometomorrow wewillhavetoputoffthemeetingtillnextweek somanypeopletohelphim heissuretosucceed sheranuptome herhairflyinginthewind 1 facedwithabillfor 10 000 a johnhastakenanextrajobb thebosshasgivenjohnanextrajobc anextrajobhasbeentakend anextrajobhasbeengiventojohn2 inordertoimproveenglish a jenny sfatherboughtheralotoftapesb jennyboughtalotoftapesforherselfc alotoftapeswereboughtbyjennyd alotoftapeswereboughtbyjenny sfather 3 allthetickets sellout theywentawaydisappointedly 4 time permit we lldoanothertwoexercises 5 there be nobus wehadtowalkhome 6 hishands tie bythepoliceman hisfacewentpalewithfear soldout permitted was tied page25 tolearnhowtoskiaccompaniedbyanexperiencedskiinstructorthinkingthatsheknewhowtoskiwellwhileskiingdownhillalthoughnotexpectingtrouble 6 havingbeencheckedatthenearesthospital7 hearingthenews8 notknowinghowseriousthesituationwas9 arrivingatthehospital10 ifproperlytreated practice 1 when themuseumwillbeopentothepublicnextyear a completedb completingc beingcompletedd tobecompleted2 thenewsreportershurriedtotheairport only thefilmstarshadleft a totellb tobetoldc tellingd told3 themselvesawaketheysatonthefloorandtoldeachotherstories a keepb keepingc tokeepd tohavekept 4 thathewasingreatdanger ericwalkeddeeperintotheforest notrealizedb nottorealizec notrealizingd nottohaverealized5 hesentmeane mail togetfurtherinformation a hopedb hopingc tohoped hope6 toreachthemonthephone wesentanemailinstead failb failedc tofaild havingfailed 7 theplanecrashed all200peopleaboard a kil