英语中考串讲.doc

英语中考大串讲命题原则: 1. 要杜绝难 繁 偏 旧的试题. 2. 要避免单纯语法知识题 3. 适当增加有语境的应用型试题试题结构 : 客观题部分I. 听力20% 1. 情景反应 2. 对话理解3. 语篇理解4. 听力填空 内容涉及: 地点, 天气, 公共标志, 体育运动, 国旗, 兴趣, 询问和指点方向, 日常活动, 日期和节日, 相约做事, 旅游观光和建议等等. 答题技巧: 观察, 想象, 预测和理解. 常考的交际用语： A邀请A:1.Would you like to do sth?2.You must come to dinner with us.3.May I invite you to dinner?4.What about doing sth?B:肯定回答：1.Yes,Id love to. 2.Thank you.3.Yes, please. Thanks.4.That would be very nice.否定回答：1.No,thanks.2.its very nice of you, but.3.Id love to, but Im afraid I.4.Im sorry I cant. what about another time?B 请求允许 A:May I.?can/could I use your ?Would/do you mind doing sth .?Would/do you mind sb doing sth?B:肯定回答：Yes, please.Sure.Certainly否定回答： Im afraid not.Youd better not. Not at all.C提供帮助A: Do you want me to.?Can I help you?Would you like me to help you?What can I do for you？Let me.A:肯定回答Yes, please./ That would be nice/fine.Thank you for your help.否定回答No ,thanks.Thank you all the same.D 祝贺与祝愿A：have a good day/time!Good luck!Enjoy yourself!Best wishes to you.Well down.B: Thanks.You too.The same to you.E 就餐A: Would you like something to eat/drink?What would you like to have/drink.Help yourself to some.B: Yes Id love toCan I have more.?Its so delicious. thank youNo thank you.Im full, thank you.H就医A: Whats the matter?Do you have a fever?How long have you been like this?B:I have a I feel terribleI dont feel well.Ive got a pain here.I 购物A: Can/may I help you?=What can I do for you?What about this one?Heres your change.B:I wantHow much is it?May I try it on ?Its too big.Sorry its too expensive.Thats fine. Ill take it.Do you have a cheaper one?K谈论天气A：Whats the weather in?How is the weather in.?What aday today?B: Its aday.ItsIts gettingL时间与日期A: Excuse me ,whats the time, please?itsWhat day is today?Its Monday/Whats the date, please?Its July 5th/Whats today ?Its Monday ,July 5th.N事物特征A.what does it look like?Itlooks likeWhats the shape of the clouds?Its round/long/tallB.what colour is?Its green/redC.Whats themade of/from?Its made of/fromD.how much is the?Its dollars.How much doescost?It costsyuan.E.what size is the?ItsWhat size do you wear?I wear sizeF.how old are you?Imyears old.O询问职业A:what do you do?Whats you job?What are you going to be?B:Im a teacher.Im going to be a scientistP假日活动A:what are you going to do for your birthday?What shall we do for our?What do you usually do duringB:Im going toWe shallWe canWe usuallyQ.问路Excuse me ,can you tell me the way to.?/how to get to.?请问到.该如何走？Is there .near here?附近有.吗？Which bus should I take?我该乘哪一路车How far is it from here to.?从这儿到.有多远？R .指路Walk along the street.沿着这条路走Turn left at the second crossing.在第二个路口处向左拐Walk straight on till the street.一直往前走，走到路的尽头。Cross the road.穿过马路Its next to/in front of/beside/behind.它在.Its about ten minutes ride/walk/drive from here 距离大约有十分钟的骑车、步行、开车距离。You can /had better take.there.你可以|最好乘.去那里。II单选 （15%）1(中考预测题)Do you know the woman over there?Yes. Shes _aunt.ALily and Lucy BLilys and LucysCLilys and Lucys 【解析】根据空后的aunt可知是两人共有的，两人共有某物时，只需要在后一个词后加s。句意是“你认识那儿的那个妇女吗？”“是的，她是莉丽和露西的阿姨。”【答案】C2(中考预测题)Betty has a beautiful_. She can sing very well.Avoice Blook Csound 【解析】根据“she can sing very well”可知她的声音很好，人的声音用voice。句意是“贝蒂的声音好，她可以唱得非常好。”【答案】A3(中考预测题)Oh, there isnt enough_ for us on the bus.No hurry. Lets wait for the next one.Afloor Bplace Croom 【解析】根据on the bus和答句可知是没有足够的空间够我们用了。句意是“哎呀，公共汽车上我们没有足够的空间了。”“别着急，让我们等下一趟吧。”【答案】C4(中考预测题)What _ do you have for Paul?I think he should study harder than before.Anews Badvice Chelp DInformation【解析】本题题意为“对于Paul你有什么建议吗？”“我认为他应该比以前更加努力学习一些。”news“新闻，消息”；advice“建议”；help“帮助”；information“信息”，由题意及解析可知答案为B。【答案】B5(中考预测题)I saw many _ eating grass on the hill.Ahorse Bcow Csheep【解析】many后跟名词复数，A，B，C都不是复数，sheep单复数相同，故答案选C。【答案】C2代词考点 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词 疑问代词 指示代词 不定代词 关系代词 ：用于引导定语从句That who whom whose which 常用反身代词：by oneself 单独地，独自地 enjoy oneself 过得愉快 say to oneself 自忖，心里想 teach oneself = learn by oneself3连词考点连词是一种虚词，它不能独立担任句子成分. 而只起连接词与词、短语与短语或句子与句子的作用分作两类：并列连词和从属连词。 （1）、表示顺延、并列关系的连词and和：bothand“和两个都”：not. only.but also“不但而且”:neithernor“既不也不.”等。（2）2、表示转折关系的连词but “但是”：yet“然而”：while“而”：however“然而”。如：Luck likes red while Lily likes white.露西喜欢红色，然而莉莉喜欢白色。（3）表示因果关系的连词so意为“所以，因此，于是”，表示因果关系。如：Kate was ill so she didnt go to school.凯特生病了，所以她没有去上学。for意为“因为”，也表示因果关系。如：从属连词是用来引导主从复合句中的从句的。常用的属连词有：when/while(当时)，notuntil（直到才），as soon as(一就) if(如果) because(因为)after, as, asas, because, before, not as/so as, so that, though/although（尽管，虽然）not as/so as（不如）4数词一、基数词二、序数词5冠词一、不定冠词二、定冠词三、零冠词6、介词的分类简单介词：由一个单词构成的介词 at about复合介词：由两个介词构成的介词 into without短语介词：由一个词组构成的介词 because of常考介词：about，for， of，to ， in， at， on，from， around， across， through After， behind7动词概念： 表示动作或状态的词，在句中常作谓语，起连接主语和句子其它部分的作用 分类： 实意动词 联系动词 助动词 情态动词 动词词组： A)动词+ 介词 agree with同意.的意见(想法)；符合 listen to听. get to到达. fall off (从.)掉下 help . with .帮助(某人)做(某事) knock at /on敲(门、窗) laugh at嘲笑 learn . from .向.学习 live on继续存在；靠.生活 look after照顾，照看 look at看；观看 look for寻找 look like看起来像 pay for (sth.)付钱；支付 point at指示；指向 point to指向. prefer to .宁愿(选择);更喜欢 quarrel with (和某人)吵架 regard . as .把.当作.；当作 stop . from阻止.做. talk about说话；谈话；谈论 talk with与.交谈 think about考虑 think of认为；想起 B)动词+ 副词 ask for请求；询问 carry on坚持下去；继续下去 cut down砍倒 clean up清除；收拾干净 come down下来；落 come along来；随同 come in进来 come on来吧；跟着来；赶快 come out出来；出现；(花)开；发(芽) come over过来；顺便来访 drop off放下(某物)；下车 eat up吃光；吃完 fall behind落在.后面；输给别人 fall down跌倒；从.落下 find out查出(真相) get back回来；取回 get down下来；落下；把.取下来 get off下来；从.下来 get on上(车) get up起床 give up放弃 go on继续 go out出去 go over过一遍；仔细检查 grow up长大；成长 hand in交上来 hold on (口语)等一等； (打电话时)不挂断 hurry up赶 look out留神；注意 look over (仔细)检查 look up向上看；抬头看 pass on传递；转移到. pick up拾起；捡起 put away放好；把.收起来 put on穿上；戴上；(戏剧等)上演；放(唱片等) put down把(某物)放下来 put up挂起；举起 run away流失；逃跑；逃走 rush out冲出去 set off出发；动身；启程 send up发射；把.往上送 shut down把.关上 sit down坐下 slow down减缓；减速 take off脱掉(衣服) take out取出 throw about乱丢；抛撒 trip over (被.)绊倒 try on试穿(衣服、鞋等)；试戴(帽子等) try out试验；尝 turn down关小；调低 turn on打开(电灯、收音机、煤气、自来水等) turn off关(电灯、收音机、煤气、自来水等) turn over (使)翻过来 wake up醒来 wear out把.穿旧；磨坏 work out算出；制订出 write down写下. C) be + 形容词+ 介词 be angry with对(某人)发脾气 be interested in对.感兴趣 be able to能；会 be afraid of害怕 be amazed at对.感到惊讶 be excited about对.感到兴奋 be filled with用.充满 be full of充满.的 be good at (= do well in ) 在.方面做得好；善于 be late for迟到 be made in在.生产或制造 be made of由.组成；由.构成 be pleased with对.感到满意 be proud of以.自豪(高兴) be used for用于 D)动词+ 名词/ 代词 beg ones pardon请原谅；对不起 do morning exercises做早操 do ones homework做作业 enjoy oneself (= have a good time) 过得快乐；玩得愉快 give a concert开音乐会 go boating去划船 go fishing去钓鱼 go hiking去徒步旅行 go skating去滑冰 go shopping (去)买东西 have a cold (患)感冒 have a cough (患)咳嗽 have a headache (患)头痛 have a try尝试；努力 have a look看一看 have a rest休息 sports进行体育活动 have supper吃晚餐 hear of听说 hold a sports meeting举行运动会 make a decision作出决定 make a mistake犯错误 make a noise吵闹 make faces做鬼脸 make friends交朋友 make money赚钱 take ones place坐某人的座位；代替某人的职务 teach oneself (=learn by oneself ) 自学 take photos照相 take time花费(时间) take turns轮 watch TV看电视 catch up with赶上 come up with找到；提出(答案、解决办法等) get on well with与.相处融洽 give birth to生(孩子) help yourself / yourselves to自取；随便吃 make room for给.腾出地方 play a joke on戏弄人；对人恶作剧 speak highly of称赞 say good bye to告别；告辞 take an active part in积极参加 take care of照顾；照料；注意中考真题1.- Thanks for your wonderful KEY:Ddinner. I have to go now. 考点1）动词词义辨析 - Its raining hard. Dont （ ） 2）not until 直到才until it stops.A. arrive B. stay C. come D. leave2.I always think of the stories KEY:A that grandma used to () when 考点：1）动词与名词搭配 I was young. They were very tell stories 讲故事interesting and I leant a lot from 2）近义词区别them.A. tell B. say C. speak3.-How long can I ( ) the book? KEY：C-For three weeks, but you cant 考点：1)延续性动词与非延续lend it to others. 性动词的相互转化A. see B. borrow C. keep D. look 2）现在完成时中有 时间段，用延续性动词 4.This silk dress ( )so smooth. KEY：DIts made in China. 考点：1）动词词义辨析A. tastes B. smells C. sounds 2）系表结构D. feels7.I find time ( ) very quickly when KEY：B I do something interesting. 考点：）含的go动词短语A. goes out B. goes by C. goes off go out 出去 go by 时间流逝 go off 响9.Again and again the doctor ( ) KEY：Athe crying girl, but he couldnt 考点：1）含look的动词短语find out what was wrong with her. look over 检查A. looked over B. looked after look after 照顾C. looked for D. looked out look for 寻找 look out 当心v 8. 情态动词： v 1.只做情态动词：must, can(could),may(might) v 2.可做情态动词又可做实义动词：need, v 3.可做情态动词又可作助动词：will(would);shall(should)v 4.具有情态动词特征：have(had, has) to, used to Can的用法1.表示能力(be able to)：Can you play basketball?2.表示怀疑和猜测，常用于否和疑中： Li Hua cant be in the classroom3.表示请求或允许，意为“可以”=may： You can go now.4 .could是can的过去式 5. could比can更委婉：Could you pleaseMay的用法1.表示推测，意为“可能，也许”：He may come tomorrow (might 的可能性较小）2.表示请求和许可： May I go now? -No, you mustnt3.表示祝愿：May you success!might比may更婉转must的用法v 表示必须、应该v 表示推测，意思是一定v Must 表示推测时一般用于肯定句，在疑问句和否定句用Canv 否定句中mustnt 表示禁止，意为不允许。以must开头的疑问句，肯定回答应用must，否定回答用neednt.-Must I finish the project today?-No, you neednt.9. 语态是动词的一种形式，用于表明主谓之间的关系。分为主动语态和被动语态。主语是动作执行者用主动语态，主语是动作承受者用被动语态。被动语态的结构为：助动词be及物动词的过去分词（pp）被动语态的不同时态是通过be的时态变化来表示的，其人称和数方面应与主语保持一致。其具体变化为： 一般现在时：amisare及物动词的过去分词 一般过去时：waswere及物动词的过去分词 含情态动词的被动结构：情态动词be及物动词的过去分词一般将来时：shall will be 及物动词的过去分词10 形容词命题趋势：中考热点将集中在形容词的词义辨析和比较等级上。形容词的常用句型原级常用句型 1、as+形容词原形+asTom is as tall as Mike.There are as many students in our school as yours. 2、否定 not as+形容词原形+as “和 不一样” 或 not so+形容词原形+as “不及不如 Tom is not as tall as Mike.3、 so+ 形容词原级+that丛句 such+名词that丛句He is so big that he cant enter the room bythe door .4、 too+原级+ to do sth.He is too young to join the army. 5、形容词原级+ enough to do sth. This truck is big enough to carry 5 tons.6、表示“A是B的倍”时，用“A+倍数+as+形容词原级+as+B”结构（一倍：once，两倍：twice，三倍及以上：数字+times）eg：Our school is three times as big as theirs.比较级常用句型1、两者之间的比较，句中有明显的标志词than Tom is taller than John2、Which/Who is + 比较级, A or B ? Which is easier, maths or English?3、能修饰比较级的副词及短：much(的多)、 a lot(的多)、even(更)、still（更）、a bit/a little(一点儿)、far、rather、a few This city is much more beautiful than that one Today is even hotter than yesterday.4、 is the +比较级 + of the two. Tom is the taller of the two boys. 5、数量 + 比较级 than He is three years older than his brother.6、比较级+ and + 比较级， “越来越” Now it is hotter and hotter. 现在越来越热“越，越” The more , the better. 越多越好。 The more you eat, the fatter you will become.你吃得越多，你就越容易变胖8、表示“几倍于”时，用“倍数+比较级+than”表示。eg：Your room is three times bigger than mine.最高级常用句型1.one of the+最高级+名词复数Lu Xun is one of the greatest writers last century. 2.最高级+of (in)(三者及以上范围的)Of all the movie stars, I think Zhang Ziyi is the best. 3.This is/ was the最高级+名词+that定语从句This is the worst film that I have seen these years.4、Which/Who is + 最高级,A ,B or C ? Which is the biggest , the moon, the earth or the sun ?5.、the + 序数词 + 最高级 + 名词 + in/ofThe Yellow River is the second longest river in China注意：最高级前可以有序数词来修饰。例如：Which is the first most useful invention? 哪一个是第一个最有用途的发明？如果形容词最高级前有物主代词，指示代词，名词所有格时，则不必加定冠词the。例如：Yesterday was my busiest day. 昨天是我最忙碌的一天。形容词的构成通常有: 1、+fulforgetforgetful helphelpful wonderwonderful useuseful carecareful beautybeautiful thankthankful colour -colourful2、+ed/+ingexciteexcited exciting surprisesurprised surprisinginterestinterested interestingfrightenfrightened frighteningpleasepleasedpleasingmovemovedmovingtiretiredtiringfascinatefascinatedfascinating+edworryworried closeclosed3、+y （表示天气状况）sunsunny snowsnowy windwindy rain-rainy cloudcloudy healthhealthy4、+ en （表示物质）wool-woolen wood-wooden5、+ern（东西南北）east-eastern west-western south-southern north-northern6、由“名词+ly”构成friendly, daily, weekly, silly lively, lonely, lovely，likely（有希望的） 11.副词考点时间:often, always, now, never, usually 地点:here, there, outside, inside, where. 方式:quickily, badly, easily, quietly, well 程度:very, quite, fairly, much, so ,rather. 疑问:why, when, where, how, how far 关系(从句):where, when, why, how 一般：ly（方式副词） eg:badly,quickly,normally 特殊用法: adj与adv同形，且意思相近: friendly，late, early, fast adj与adv同形，但意思不同： eg: hard(adj为硬的，adv为努力地； hardly为几乎不）， prep与adv同形： eg: in：adj 在里面，adv(be in) 在家 on：adj 在上面，adv(be on) 上演 12、宾语从句的用法 时态： 1.主句用一般现在时，从句可用任意时态。 I dont know if I am right. 2.从句与主句时态保持一致。 I remembered that he was pretty calm. 3.主句用过去时，从句是客观真理时，只用一般现在时。 My teacher told me that the earth goes around the sun. 例题： Could you please tell me ？ I live in Yunnan. A、where do you live B、where were you born C、where you live 2.The teacher said that lightmuch faster than sound. 、traveled B、travel C、travels 13. 定语从句 关系词 引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词，关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等，绝对没有what；关系副词有where, when, why等。关系词常有3个作用： 连接作用，引导定语从句。 代替主句中的先行词，甚至可能是主句中的一部分或者整个主句。 在定语从句中充当一句子成分（作从句主语时不可省略） 。 例题： She is a girl people like at first sight.A. which B.whom C.whose He returned to the small townhe grew up as a child. A、which B、where C、that D、when 主观题部分任务型阅读1. 人称转换2. 时态转换3. 简短回答的要素4. 翻译要信, 达, 雅.词汇题（1）背会单词（2）摸清词性（3）掌握构词法（4）名词单数变复数（5）动词五种形式（原形、单三、过去式、ing）（6）形容词和副词的比较级（7）基数词和序数词（8）代词各种形式（9）固定搭配前缀（不改变词性，只改变原词的词义）（1）dis-否定（加在动词前，表否定）： please 使高兴displease 使人不快 cover 遮盖discover 发现 （2）im-，un- 不，非（加在adj、adv前，表否定） possible 可能的impossible 不可能的 polite 礼貌的impolite 无礼的 happy 高兴的unhappy 不高兴的 important 重要的unimportant 不重要的前缀（能改变词性和词义）（1）a- 向里，离开，加强（加在动词、名词前构成形容词或副词，加在形容词前构成介词或副词） sleep 睡觉asleep 睡着的 way 道路away 离开 long 长的along 沿着，向前 live 活着alive 活着的 wake 醒着awake 醒着的（3）-en 由制的（加在名词后构成形容词） wood 木头wooden 木制的（4）-er,-or 人，动作着（加在动词后构成名词） run 跑runner 赛跑者 read 读reader 读者 visit 访问visitor 访问者 invent 发明inventor 发明者 teach 讲授teacher 老师 drive 驾驶driver 驾驶员后缀（5）-ful 充满，的（加在名词或动词后构成形容词） care 小心careful 小心的 help 帮助helpful 有帮助的 use 使用useful 有用的（6）-less 无的，不（加在名词或动词后构成形容词） care 小心careless 粗心的 use 使用useless 无用的 home 家homeless 无家可归的后缀（7）-ing 属于，性质，动作，状态（加在名词后构成名词或形容词，加在动词后构成现在分词） interest 兴趣interesting 有趣的 meet 遇见meeting 会议 build 建造building 建筑物（8）-ness 状态，性质（加在形容词后，构成抽象名词） careful 小心的carefulness 小心 happy 高兴的happiness 快乐后缀（9）-ly 品质，的，地，每的（加在名词后构成形容词，加在形容词后构成副词） friend 朋友friendly 友好的 easy 容易的easily 容易地 slow 慢的slowly 慢慢地 qu