2004年职称英语考试卫生类B级试题及答案.doc

大家论坛2004年职称英语考试卫生类B级试题及答案第1部分：词汇选项 (第l15题，每题1分，共15分) 下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。1 Have you talked to her lately?A lastly B finallyC shortly D recently2 While we dont agree，we continue to be friendsA whoever B WhereC Although D Whatever3 Enormous sums of money have been spent on space explorationA Much B LargeC Small D Fixed4 About one million Americans are diagnosed annually with skin cancerA every year B severelyC actively D every month5 The policeman wrote down all the particulars of the accidentA secrets B detailsC benefits D words6 We will take your recent illness into consideration when marking your examsA effect B accountC effort D discount7 There are a limited number of books on this subject in the libraryA small B totalC good D great8 The chairman proposed that we should stop the meetingA showed B suggestedC agreed D believed9 Mary has blended the ingredients.A made B mixedC cooked D eaten10 They agreed to modify their policyA clarify B defineC change D develop11 The dentist has decided to extract her bad toothA take out B break offC push in D dig up12 The economy continued to exhibit signs of decline in SeptemberA play B showC send D tell13 This table is strong and durableAlong-1asting B extensiveC far reaching D eternal14 He endured great pain before he finally expiredA fired B resignedC died D retreated15 The girl is gazing at herself in the mirrorA smiling B laughingC shouting D staring第2部分：阅读判断 (第1622题，每题1分，共7分) 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该旬提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。Sleeping People who sleep for more than eight hours a night do not live as long as those who sleep for six hours，according to the biggest study yet into sleep patterns and mortality(死亡率) Scientists have no explanation for the findings and do not know if they mean people who like a liein(睡懒觉)Can extend their lives by sleeping less Although it is a common belief that sleeping for at least eight hours a night is vital for health and wellbeingthe sixyear study involving more than 11 million Americans older than 30 found that those who slept for 1ess than eight hours were far from doing themselves any longterm harm。 “Individuals who now average 65 hours of sleep a night Can be reassured that this is a safe amount of sleepFrom a health standpoint。there is no reason to sleep longer,” said Daniel Kripke ，a professor of psychiatry(精神病学)at the University of California，San Diego DrKripke said“We dont know if long sleep periods lead to deathAdditional studies are needed to determine if setting your alarm clock earlier will actually improve your health” The scientistswho were funded by the American Cancer Society，found也at the best survival rates were among the men and women who slept for seven hours a nightThose whoslept for eight hours were 12 per cent more likely to die during t11e sixyear period of the study,when other factors such as diet and smoking were taken into account Even those who spent a mere five hours a night in bed lived longer than those who slept eight or more hoursHowever, an increasing death rate was found among those who slept for less than five hours DrKripke said“Previous sleep studies have indicated that both short-and long-duration(持续时间)sleep had higher mortality ratesHowever, none of those studies were large enough to distinguish the difference between seven and eight hours a night，until flow”16 More than 11 million Americans participated in the six-year study A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned17 All the participants were from the state of California A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned18 The study shows that the longer you sleep each night，the longer you11 live A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned19 The findings indicate that it is all right to sleep for 6.5 hours a night A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned20 Most of the participants slept for 7 hours a night during the study A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned21 Sleeping for less than 5 hours each night is better than sleeping for 5 hours. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned22 The study was the first to tell the difference between 7 and 8 hours of sleep a night. A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned第3部分：概括大意与完成句子 (第2330题，每题1分，共8分) 阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为第14段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。Ford1Fords great strength was the manufacturing process-not invention. Long before he started a car company，he was a worker，known for picking up pieces of metal and wire and turning men into machinesHe started putting cars together in 1891Although it was by no means the first popular automobile，the Model T showed the world just how creative Ford was at combining technology and market2The companys assembly line alone threw Americas Industrial Revolution into overdrive (高速运转)Instead of having workers put together the entire car ,Fords friends，who were great toolmakers from Scotland，organized teams that added parts to each Model T as it moved down a lineBy the time Fords Highland Park plant was humming(嗡嗡作响)along in 1914. the worlds first automatic conveyor belt could turn out a car every 93 minutes3The same year Henry Ford shocked the world with the$5.aday minimum wage schemethe greatest contribution he had ever madeThe average wage in the auto industry then was $2.34 for a 9-hour shiftFord not only doubled that，he also took an hour off the workdayIn those years it was unthinkable that a man could be paid that much for doing something that didnt involve an awful lot of training or educationThe Wall Street Journal called the plan“an economic crime”，and critics everywhere laughed at Ford4But as the wage increased later to daily$10，it proved a Critical component of Fords dream to make the automobile accessible(可及的)to a11. The critics were too stupid to understand that because Ford had lowered his costs per car, the higher wages didnt matter-except for making it possible for more people to buy Cars23 Paragraph 1_. 24 Paragraph 2_. 25 Paragraph 3_. 26 Paragraph 4_.AFords FollowersBThe Assesmbly LineCFords Great DremDThe Establishment of the CompanyEFords Biggest ContributionFFords Great Talent27 The assembly line made it possible to_. 28 Ford was the first to adopt_. 29 Higher wages enabled many people to_. 30 Fords higherwage and lowercost strategy was strongly_.Acriticized by the media Bthe low wage in the auto industryCown a carDproduce cars in large numbersEthe-8-hour-shift practiceFcombined technology and market第4部分：阅读理解(第3145题，每题3分，共45分) 下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案，涂在答题卡相应的位置上。Florence Nightingale Florence Nightingale was born in Florence，Italy, while her wealthy English parents were traveling in EuropeAs a child，she traveled to many places with her family and learned how to speak several languages When Nightingale was 17，she told her family that she was going to help sick people. Her parents did not approve, but Nightingale was determined She traveled to hospitals all over EuropeShe saw that doctors were working too hardShe saw that patients died because they did not get enough careNightingale felt that women could be doing more to help doctors take care of sick people Nightingale knew that in order for nurses to do more，they needed special training in how to take care of sick peopleNightingale went to a hospital in Germany to study nursing. Then she returned to London and became the head of a group of women called Gentlewomen During IllnessThese women cared for sick people in their homes In 1 854，England was fighting a war with Russia，War reporters wrote about the terrible conditions in the hospitals that cared for the woundedPeople demanded that something be done about itA leader of the government asked Florence Nightingale to take some nurses into the war hospitalsSo，in November 1 854，Nightingale finally got to work in a hospital. She took along 38 nurses whom she had trained herself At firstthe doctors on the battlefields did not want Nightingale and her nurses in their hospitalsThey did not believe that women could helpBut in fact，the nurses did make a differenceThey worked around the clock，tending the sickThanks to their hard work，many wounded soldiers survived After the war, Nightingale and her nurses were treated like heroesFinally，in 1860，she started the Nightingale School for NursesIn time，thanks to Florence Nightingale，nursing became an important part of medicine 31Florence Nightingale was born into a rich AItalian familyBRussian familyCEnglish family DGerman family32Nightingales parents did not approve of her decision Ato work as a doctorBto care for sick peopleCto fight in the War with RussiaDto travel to hospitals all over Europe33It was not until the War with Russia that Nightingale Agot to work in a hospitalBbegan to study nursingCstarted to care for sick people in their homesDbecame the head of Gentlewomen During Illness340n the battlefields Nightingale and her nurses proved to be Aas bad as the doctors had expectedBquite generousCless than usefulDvery helpful35Nightingale played a great role in Athe building of war hospitalsBthe education of womenCthe development of nursingDthe improvement of working conditions for womenCrystal Ear One day a friend asked mywife Jill if I wanted a hearing aid“He certainly does”replied JillAfter hearing about a remarkable new productJill finally got up the nerve to ask me if Id ever thought about getting a hearing aid“No way,”I said“It would make me look 20 years older”“No，no”she replied”This is entirely differentIts Crystal Ear!” Jill was rightCrystal Ear is differentnot the old. Styled body worn over-the earaid，but all advanced personal sound system so small that its like contacts(隐形眼镜)for your earsAnd Crystal Ear is super-sensitive and powerfultooYou will hear sounds your ears have been missing for yearsCrystal Ear will make speech 10uder,and the sound is pure add natural I couldnt believe how tiny it isIt is smaller than the tip of my little finger and its almost invisible When wornThere are no wires。no behindtheear devicePut it in your ear and its readyto-wear mold(形状)fits comfortablySince its not too loud or too tight，you may even forget that youre wearing it! Use it at work or at playAnd if your hearing problem is worse in certain situations，use Crystal Ear only when you need it Hearing loss，which Occurs typically prior to teenage years，progresses throughout ones lifetimeA1though hearing loss is now the worlds number one health problem，nearly 90 percent of people suffering hearing 10SS choose to leave the problem untreatedFor many millions，treating hearing 10SS in a conventional way can involve numerous office visits，expensive testing and adjustments to fit your earThanks to Crystal Ear，the“sound solution”is now convenient Almost 90 percent of people with mild hearing loss，and millions more with just a little hearing drop-off(下降)，can be dramatically helped with Crystal EarMore over, its superior design is energy-efficient，so batteries can last monthsCrystal Ear is now available to help these people treat their hearing loss with a small hearing amplifier(放大器) 36Initially the writer did not want t0 buy a hearing aid because Ait would make him look old Bit would make him nervous Cit was too expensive Dit was old-styled 37Which of the following is NOT true of Crystal Ear? AIt is highly sensitiveBIt is powerfulCIt is invisibleDIt is wireless38One special feature of Crystal Ear is that Ayou can control its volume Byou neednt take it off everyday Cit is solar-powered Dit saves power 39According to the passage，hearing loss is Aonly a minor health problemBthe worlds most common health problemCmerely a teenage diseaseDan incurable disease40Many people leave their hearing problem untreated because Ait is not serious BCrystal Ear is not yet available Cit is not easy to have it treated Dthey dont want to look oldGlobal Cancer Rates to Rise by 50by 2020 The number of new cancer cases worldwide is expected to increase by 50but the year2020 But a new report suggests that as many as a third of new cancers could be avoided by adopting healthier lifestyles and through public health actionThe World Cancer Report，released by the，International Agency for Research on Cancer, shows that cancer has now emerged as a major public health threat in developing countries as well as rich onesOverallcancer was responsible for 12of all deaths in 2000. But in many countries more than a quarter Of all deaths are caused by cancerThe report shows that 10 million new cancers were diagnosed globally in 2000and that number is expected to rise to 1 5 million by 2020Researchers say most of that increase will mainly be due to steadily aging populations in both developed and developing countries and current trends in smoking and other unhealthy habits“Cancer has emerged as a major public health problem in developing countries for the first time，matching its effect in industrialized(工业化的)countries，”said researcher Paul Kleihues，MDdirector of IARC。in a news release“Once considered aWesterndisease，the Report highlights that more than 50 percent of the worlds cancer burdenin terms of both numbers of cases and deathsalready Occurs in developing countries”The risk of being diagnosed with cancer in developed countries is double that in less-developed onesHowever, the risk of dying from cancer is much higher in developing countries，where 80%of cancer patients already have late-stage incurable tumors(肿瘤)at the time of diagnosis Researchers say cancer rates have traditionally been higher in developed countries due to greater exposure to tobacco，occupational carcinogens(致癌物)，and an unhealthy Western diet and lifestyleAs lessdeveloped countries become industrialized and more prosperous，they tend to adopt the high?fat diet and low physical activity levels typically seen in the West，which increase cancer rates 41The report says that steps could be taken to reduce about A50% of new cancersB33 of new cancersC12 of new cancersD80 of new cancers42Which of the following statements is NOT correct? AThere were 1 0 million cancer patients worldwide in 2000BGenerally，cancer accounted for 12of all deaths in 2000CCancer is the cause of over 25of all deaths in many countriesDIt is expected that global cancer rates will go up by 50by 202043According to Paul Kleihues，Cancer was once regarded as Aall incurable diseaseBa mysterious diseaseCa“Western”diseaseDa world disease44The risk of dying from cancer in developed countries is Adouble that in developing countriesBmuch higher than that in developing countriesCthe same as that in developing countriesDmuch lower than that in developing countries45All the following factors may increase cancer rates EXCEPT Aoccupational carcinogensBlack of access to tobaccoCunhealthy habitsDaging populations第5部分：补全短文（第4650题，每题2分，共10分）下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。 The Story of Lani Five-year-old Lani still takes seven medicines with her breakfast every morning。“SheS very good about it ”says her father DavidLani is alive today because of her father David，in more than one way；when she was one year old she received part of her fathers liver in a livertransplant operationLani was born with a liver illness_(46) Doctors advised that a transplant was the only way in which she would liveThe operation lasted 12 hours and needed two teams，one for the father and one for the daughter_(47)In these cases，the donors liver grows to normal size in about eight weeks。and t11e childs liver becomes smaller Lani spent three weeks in hospital after the operationBecause the receivers body tries to reject the new organ，the patient has to be given special drugs_(48) Although David left hospital after 10 days，he didnt return to work until after three monthsIn order to reach the liver, the doctors have to cut through the stomach wall，which is strong and full of muscleIt therefore takes a long time to recover after this operation_(49)So far，only 16 of these livertransplant operations have been carried out in Britain_(50)Doctors say,“If possible，we prefer to take a liver from a dead don not, usually a parent” Lani still has to look after her health，and she gets more tired than other children of the same age，but doctors hope that she will continue to get stronger and stronger AShe had one operation when she was six weeks old，which was not successfulBWhile these drugs are given，it is important that the patient does not catch any illness，not even a coldCIn this operation a piece of liver, weighing about 250-300 grams，was removed from the father and tra